THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SURFACE INDICATIONS OF PETROLEUM

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
C. P. Meakin
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
Geochemical Prospecting ◽  
Petroleum Accumulation ◽  
Petroleum Field ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Seeps

Seeps are of interest to the petroleum geologist because:—they indicate a section capable of producing hydrocarbons, and very often are related to a petroleum accumulation, andmany of the Important oil-producing regions were discovered by surface indications of petroleum.There are five main types of seeps:- those emerging from homoclinal beds exposed at the surface; those associated with beds in which the oil was formed; those arising from definite large petroleum accumulations, either bared by erosion, or ruptured by faulting; those emerging at an unconformity; and those associated with intrusions. These types of seeps are associated with, and have led to the discovery of many major oil fields throughout the world.The reports of oil and gas seeps in Australia, however, are only meagre. This may be because:—of a lack of exploration and documentation,the basins are a type that do not have the conditions necessary to produce seeps,the seeps that do exist are unrecognized. For instance, even large gas seeps may pass unnoticed in dry areas,of a lack of petroleum.The detection of the gaseous hydrocarbons, methane, ethane, propane and the butanes, in soils by gas chromatography could aid petroleum exploration because:—it would enable the detection of gas seeps over a potential petroleum field that would otherwise remain undetected, andeven for small quantities of hydrocarbon gases, low ratios of methane to higher hydrocarbons indicate a petroliferous origin.This is the technique of geochemical prospecting. It is based on three assumptions:—It must be possible for the hydrocarbons to migrate to the surface.The concentration of migrating hydrocarbons should not be altered by chemical reaction, bacteria, or hydrocarbons derived from another source.An anomalous hydrocarbon concentration at the surface can be correlated with a petroleum deposit.A search of the literature shows that, on the whole, these assumptions are correct. It would therefore appear that geochemical prospecting, particularly when used in conjunction with geological and geophysical work, can be useful for locating petroleum deposits.

The Research of Oil Fields Heterogeneous Data Management Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 915-916 ◽  
pp. 1397-1400
Author(s):  
Bing Li ◽  
Yon Gan Wang ◽  
Ya Tian Gao
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Data Interchange ◽  
Management Technology ◽  
Model Foundation ◽  
Petroleum Field

With the continuous development of petroleum exploration technology and exploitation business, the data types involved in the petroleum field are getting more complicated and richer, so a lot of heterogeneous data types emerged, data interchange can not be achieved directly among them. In this paper, the integration middle framework of heterogeneous data types is built based on XML, to realize the transition and integration of relational data and XML data, and to provide support for the data sharing and application among data model. Foundation item .The project of youth fund of Northeast Petroleum University (The research of XML heterogeneous data management technology applied in oilfield management)

NEOGENE TECTONICS IN SE AUSTRALIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR PETROLEUM SYSTEMS

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Dickinson ◽  
M.W. Wallace ◽  
G.R. Holdgate ◽  
J. Daniels ◽  
S.J. Gallagher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Petroleum Systems ◽  
Australian Plate ◽  
Late Tertiary ◽  
Petroleum Generation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Petroleum Accumulation ◽  
Gippsland Basin

The influence of Neogene tectonics in the SE Australian basins has generally been underestimated in the petroleum exploration literature. However, onshore stratigraphic and offshore seismic data indicates that significant deformation and exhumation (up to one km or more) has occurred during the late Tertiary-Quaternary. This tectonism coincides with a change in the dynamics of the Australian plate, beginning at around 12 Ma, resulting in a WNW–ESE compressional regime which has continued to the present day.Significant late Miocene tectonism is indicated by a regional angular unconformity at around the Mio-Pliocene boundary in the onshore and nearshore successions of the SE Australian basins.Evidence of on going Pliocene- Quaternary tectonism is widespread in all of the SE Australian basins. Late Tertiary tectonism has produced structures in the offshore SE Australian basins which have been favourable targets for petroleum accumulation (e.g. Nerita structure, Torquay Sub-basin; Cormorant structure, Bass Basin). In the offshore Gippsland Basin, most of the oil- and gas-bearing structures have grown during Oligocene-Recent time. Some Gippsland Basin structures were largely produced prior to the mid- Miocene, while others have a younger structural history. In areas of intense late Tertiary exhumation and uplift (e.g. proximal to the Otway and Strzelecki Ranges), burial/maturation models of petroleum generation may be significantly affected by Neogene uplift.Many structures produced by late Miocene-Pliocene deformation are dry. These relatively young structures may post-date the major maturation episodes, with the post-structure history of the basins dominated by exhumation and cooling.

MICROBIOLOGICAL OIL PROSPECTING IN AUSTRALIA

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Brisbane ◽  
J. N. Ladd
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Logarithmic Phase ◽  
Radioactive Tracers ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gas ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

Russian, American and Czechoslovakian scientists have shown that soils associated with oilfields contain bacteria which actively utilise hydrocarbons. The technique of microbiological oil exploration seeks to measure those soil bacteria which grow on gaseous hydrocarbons migrating from oil and gas pools, and to distinguish them from other bacteria also capable of utilising hydrocarbons, hut whose presence in the soil is due to soil organic matter.Using radioactive tracers and gas chromatography, we have developed methods for measuring these bacteria. The measurements are most accurate when the bacteria are growing in the logarithmic phase, the time required to reach this phase increasing as the number of bacteria decrease.Bacteria grow at ethane concentrations as low as five parts per million in air, higher concentrations of ethane supporting greater bacterial activities in the soil. The growth of indigenous or inoculated bacteria on hydrocarbon gas is markedly affected by the soil environment.Small-scale surveys have been made at Moonie, Cabawin, Grange, Mt. Salt, Glen Davis, Geltwood Beach and Lakes Entrance. High rates of hydrocarbon utilisation have been found in a few samples from two of these surveys, but no large area of high activity has been discovered.

A PERSPECTIVE OF EXPLORATION FOR PETROLEUM

Geophysics ◽  
1940 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Rosaire
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Geophysical Prospecting ◽  
Geologic Time ◽  
Geochemical Prospecting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diminishing Returns ◽  
Local Geology

The first petroleum prospecting technique, based on the recognition of visible seeps of oil and gas, was rational and direct. The exhaustive application of megascopic geochemical prospecting led to diminishing returns, and a period of rule‐o’‐thumb prospecting ensued. Geological prospecting appeared on the scene, and, as a result, the anticlinal theory was evolved, to become a bone of contention for years within that profession. Eventually, however, the anticlinal theory was accepted by petroleum geologists, and so structural prospecting developed. The exhaustive application of structural prospecting by geological methods led to the discovery of many oil fields, but, eventually, diminishing returns ensued. A period of pessimism as to the nation’s reserve followed, as rule‐o’‐thumb prospecting became the only possible prospecting procedure. Geophysical prospecting appeared on the scene in 1923, and was successful in the solution of a highly specialized problem without reliance upon depth estimations. With the passage of time, geophysical prospecting took on a structural complexion, and with the development of the reflection seismograph, a renaissance in structural prospecting took place. The geophysical phase of structural prospecting opened the vast basins for prospecting, and so revolutionized exploration for petroleum. However, geological prospecting did not experience a similar renaissance. Structural prospecting, in both its geological and geophysical phases, has been a rational but indirect prospecting method. Outstandingly successful, its exhaustive application is leading to diminishing returns. However, it has imposed a specialization upon both geological and geophysical prospecting which has stifled the natural development of geochemical prospecting from geological prospecting, has directed geophysical prospecting into an unduly narrow path, and, in permitting prospecting to greater depths, has resulted in an impasse wherein its success involves capital investments with prohibitive payouts. Though tacitly neglected in the past, there exists a geochemistry of a petroleum deposit, depending primarily upon the effects of the slow effusion of hydrocarbons through the sedimentary environment of the petroleum deposit throughout geologic time. Geochemical prospecting depends upon the chemical and physical measurement of one or more of the geochemical manifestations of a petroleum deposit, and the interpretation of the resulting data in terms of the local geology. Since structure is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the accumulation of petroleum, geochemical prospecting is a rational and direct approach to exploration for petroleum, and in its turn will revolutionize prospecting to at least the extents that geological and geophysical prospecting did in the phases of structural prospecting which they initiated.

2021 Offshore petroleum exploration acreage release

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Paul Trotman
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Demand Growth ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
The Future ◽  
Policy Work ◽  
Offshore Petroleum

In 2020, the liquefied natural gas (LNG) trade saw a modest increase of 1%, which is in contrast to the strong growth of previous years. Recently, the global LNG trade has picked up following the easing of impacts from the pandemic and demand growth in Asia. An increase of 6% in the global LNG trade is expected in 2021 and 2022. Domestic demand for gas remains high, with gas being used both for residential supply and also as an essential feedstock for the manufacturing industry. With a projected domestic gas shortfall, the future exploration and development of oil and gas will play a key role in ensuring access to secure, reliable and affordable energy in the future as well as assisting economic recovery from the pandemic. The importance of remaining an attractive investment destination is essential. Our challenge is to not only strike the balance of being agile and adaptive to market disruptions but also provide robust policy and regulatory frameworks to underpin future investment in the sector. Against this backdrop, this paper provides details of the 2021 offshore petroleum exploration acreage release and information about the ongoing policy work of the department.

Waste Мanagement of Oil and Gas Fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
K.L. Chertes ◽  
O.V. Tupitsyna ◽  
V.N. Pystin ◽  
G.G. Gilaev ◽  
N.I. Shestakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Large Capacity ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Gas Fields

The features of maintaining large-capacity waste from oil and gas fields that are suitable for recycling into secondary products are considered. A step-by-step system for selecting and justifying a waste is proposed taking into account the development of the deposit, its natural and manmade features, as well as the selected stages of operation. Pieces of technological schemes of waste preparation are given, as well as the design of the waste preparation complex for disposal constructed at one of the largest oil fields of the Samara region.

scholarly journals New exploration strategy in igneous petroliferous basins – Enlightenment from simulation experiments

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-985
Author(s):  
Qingqiang Meng ◽  
Jiajun Jing ◽  
Jingzhou Li ◽  
Dongya Zhu ◽  
Ande Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
Hydrocarbon Productivity

There are two kinds of relationships between magmatism and the generation of hydrocarbons from source rocks in petroliferous basins, namely: (1) simultaneous magmatism and hydrocarbon generation, and (2) magmatism that occurs after hydrocarbon generation. Although the influence of magmatism on hydrocarbon source rocks has been extensively studied, there has not been a systematic comparison between these two relationships and their influences on hydrocarbon generation. Here, we present an overview of the influence of magmatism on hydrocarbon generation based on the results of simulation experiments. These experiments indicate that the two relationships outlined above have different influences on the generation of hydrocarbons. Magmatism that occurred after hydrocarbon generation contributed deeply sourced hydrogen gas that improved liquid hydrocarbon productivity between the mature and overmature stages of maturation, increasing liquid hydrocarbon productivity to as much as 451.59% in the case of simulation temperatures of up to 450°C during modelling where no hydrogen gas was added. This relationship also increased the gaseous hydrocarbon generation ratio at temperatures up to 450°C, owing to the cracking of initially generated liquid hydrocarbons and the cracking of kerogen. Our simulation experiments suggest that gaseous hydrocarbons dominate total hydrocarbon generation ratios for overmature source rocks, resulting in a change in petroleum accumulation processes. This in turn suggests that different exploration strategies are warranted for the different relationships outlined above. For example, simultaneous magmatism and hydrocarbon generation in an area means that exploration should focus on targets likely to host large oilfields, whereas in areas with magmatism that post-dates hydrocarbon generation the exploration should focus on both oil and gas fields. In addition, exploration strategies in igneous petroliferous basins should focus on identifying high-quality reservoirs as well as determining the relationship between magmatism and initial hydrocarbon generation.

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