MICROBIOLOGICAL OIL PROSPECTING IN AUSTRALIA

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Brisbane ◽  
J. N. Ladd
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Logarithmic Phase ◽  
Radioactive Tracers ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gas ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

Russian, American and Czechoslovakian scientists have shown that soils associated with oilfields contain bacteria which actively utilise hydrocarbons. The technique of microbiological oil exploration seeks to measure those soil bacteria which grow on gaseous hydrocarbons migrating from oil and gas pools, and to distinguish them from other bacteria also capable of utilising hydrocarbons, hut whose presence in the soil is due to soil organic matter.Using radioactive tracers and gas chromatography, we have developed methods for measuring these bacteria. The measurements are most accurate when the bacteria are growing in the logarithmic phase, the time required to reach this phase increasing as the number of bacteria decrease.Bacteria grow at ethane concentrations as low as five parts per million in air, higher concentrations of ethane supporting greater bacterial activities in the soil. The growth of indigenous or inoculated bacteria on hydrocarbon gas is markedly affected by the soil environment.Small-scale surveys have been made at Moonie, Cabawin, Grange, Mt. Salt, Glen Davis, Geltwood Beach and Lakes Entrance. High rates of hydrocarbon utilisation have been found in a few samples from two of these surveys, but no large area of high activity has been discovered.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SURFACE INDICATIONS OF PETROLEUM

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
C. P. Meakin
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
Geochemical Prospecting ◽  
Petroleum Accumulation ◽  
Petroleum Field ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Seeps

Seeps are of interest to the petroleum geologist because:—they indicate a section capable of producing hydrocarbons, and very often are related to a petroleum accumulation, andmany of the Important oil-producing regions were discovered by surface indications of petroleum.There are five main types of seeps:- those emerging from homoclinal beds exposed at the surface; those associated with beds in which the oil was formed; those arising from definite large petroleum accumulations, either bared by erosion, or ruptured by faulting; those emerging at an unconformity; and those associated with intrusions. These types of seeps are associated with, and have led to the discovery of many major oil fields throughout the world.The reports of oil and gas seeps in Australia, however, are only meagre. This may be because:—of a lack of exploration and documentation,the basins are a type that do not have the conditions necessary to produce seeps,the seeps that do exist are unrecognized. For instance, even large gas seeps may pass unnoticed in dry areas,of a lack of petroleum.The detection of the gaseous hydrocarbons, methane, ethane, propane and the butanes, in soils by gas chromatography could aid petroleum exploration because:—it would enable the detection of gas seeps over a potential petroleum field that would otherwise remain undetected, andeven for small quantities of hydrocarbon gases, low ratios of methane to higher hydrocarbons indicate a petroliferous origin.This is the technique of geochemical prospecting. It is based on three assumptions:—It must be possible for the hydrocarbons to migrate to the surface.The concentration of migrating hydrocarbons should not be altered by chemical reaction, bacteria, or hydrocarbons derived from another source.An anomalous hydrocarbon concentration at the surface can be correlated with a petroleum deposit.A search of the literature shows that, on the whole, these assumptions are correct. It would therefore appear that geochemical prospecting, particularly when used in conjunction with geological and geophysical work, can be useful for locating petroleum deposits.

scholarly journals New exploration strategy in igneous petroliferous basins – Enlightenment from simulation experiments

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-985
Author(s):  
Qingqiang Meng ◽  
Jiajun Jing ◽  
Jingzhou Li ◽  
Dongya Zhu ◽  
Ande Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
Hydrocarbon Productivity

There are two kinds of relationships between magmatism and the generation of hydrocarbons from source rocks in petroliferous basins, namely: (1) simultaneous magmatism and hydrocarbon generation, and (2) magmatism that occurs after hydrocarbon generation. Although the influence of magmatism on hydrocarbon source rocks has been extensively studied, there has not been a systematic comparison between these two relationships and their influences on hydrocarbon generation. Here, we present an overview of the influence of magmatism on hydrocarbon generation based on the results of simulation experiments. These experiments indicate that the two relationships outlined above have different influences on the generation of hydrocarbons. Magmatism that occurred after hydrocarbon generation contributed deeply sourced hydrogen gas that improved liquid hydrocarbon productivity between the mature and overmature stages of maturation, increasing liquid hydrocarbon productivity to as much as 451.59% in the case of simulation temperatures of up to 450°C during modelling where no hydrogen gas was added. This relationship also increased the gaseous hydrocarbon generation ratio at temperatures up to 450°C, owing to the cracking of initially generated liquid hydrocarbons and the cracking of kerogen. Our simulation experiments suggest that gaseous hydrocarbons dominate total hydrocarbon generation ratios for overmature source rocks, resulting in a change in petroleum accumulation processes. This in turn suggests that different exploration strategies are warranted for the different relationships outlined above. For example, simultaneous magmatism and hydrocarbon generation in an area means that exploration should focus on targets likely to host large oilfields, whereas in areas with magmatism that post-dates hydrocarbon generation the exploration should focus on both oil and gas fields. In addition, exploration strategies in igneous petroliferous basins should focus on identifying high-quality reservoirs as well as determining the relationship between magmatism and initial hydrocarbon generation.

A Surrogate Model for Predicting Stress Intensity Factor: An Application to Oil and Gas Industry

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Keprate ◽  
R. M. Chandima Ratnayake ◽  
Shankar Sankararaman
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Intensity Factor ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gaussian Process Regression ◽  
Complex Loading ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Crack Size ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Time Required

Evaluation of the stress intensity factor (SIF) for a crack propagating in a structural component is the analytical basis of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) approach. Handbook solutions give accurate SIF results for simple crack geometries. For intricate crack geometries and complex loading conditions finite element method (FEM), is used to predict SIF. The main drawback of FEM techniques is that they are prohibitively expensive in terms of computing cost and also very time consuming. In this manuscript, authors have presented a Gaussian Process Regression Model (GPRM), which may be used as an alternative to FEM for predicting SIF of a propagating crack. The GPRM is firstly trained using 70 SIF values obtained by FEM, and then validated by comparing the values of SIF predicted by GPRM and FEM for 30 data points (i.e. combination of crack size and loading). On comparing the aforementioned values the average residual percentage between the two is 2.57%, indicating good agreement between GPRM and FEM model. Also, the time required to predict SIF of 30 data points is reduced from 30 mins (for FEM) to 10 seconds with the help of proposed GPRM.

scholarly journals Elements of regional organic geochemistry and separate prediction of oil and gas content of regions

Georesursy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Tatiana K. Bazhenova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Organic Geochemistry ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Quantitative Prediction ◽  
Genetic Types ◽  
Regional Aspect ◽  
Hydrocarbon Emission ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons

The article considers the elements of organic geochemistry in the regional aspect, which aims to separate quantitative prediction of oil and gas content of regions. The principles and results of balance calculations of generation and emission of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons for different facies-genetic types of organic matter and methods for calculating the scale of hydrocarbon emission are considered. Finally, a list of the main regularities of organic geochemistry is given.

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