Social impact bonds and their application to preventive health

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Social Services ◽  
State Government ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Outcome Monitoring ◽  
Social Impact Bonds

Although preventive health in Australia has been acknowledged as central to national health and wellbeing, efforts to reform the delivery of preventive health have to date produced limited results. The financing of preventive health at a national level is based on outcome- or performance-based funding mechanisms; however, delivery of interventions and activities at a state level have not been subjected to outcome-based funding processes. A new financing tool being applied in the area of social services (social impact bonds) has emerged as a possible model for application in the prevention arena. This paper explores key issues in the consideration of this funding model in the prevention arena. When preventive health is conceptualised as a merit good, the role of government is clarified and outcome measures fully articulated, social impact bonds may be a viable funding option to supplement core public health activities. What is known about the topic? The complexities of outcome monitoring in preventive health are well understood. Likewise, the problem of linking funding to outcomes from preventive health practice has also been debated at length in health policy. However, not much is known about the application of social impact bonds into the preventive health arena. What does this paper add? This paper discusses the limitations and opportunities facing the application of the social impact bond financing model in the preventive health arena. This has not been undertaken previously. What are the implications for practitioners? Social impact bonds have received significant recent attention from federal and state government treasury departments as potential financing tools for government. Health policy practitioners are watching this space very closely to see the outcomes of a New South Wales trial. Health promotion practitioners and primary care practitioners who deliver preventive services will need to keep abreast of this issue as it will have significant impact on their practice if states and territories introduce outcome-based funding processes.

State e-Government Portals in Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aria Asadi Eskandar ◽  
Murali Raman
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
State Government ◽  
National Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Web Portal ◽  
Government Service ◽  
The Past ◽  
Government Websites

Most of the international e-Government benchmarking studies have focused on national government websites such as portal of ministries at the national level. This paper examines the level of sophistication of e-Government websites for different states in Malaysia, as opposed to a national level assessment, both in terms of the breadth and depth of e-Government service offering. This paper adds to the existing body of knowledge in relation to e-Government web portal assessment in two ways. First, studies pertaining to e-Government in Malaysia focus mainly on implementation issues at the Federal/National level– The authors examined State level implementation of e-Government services. Secondly, they used a predetermined instrument to assess the sophistication level of State government web portals, by consolidating different measurement items from our review of literature over the past ten years. The authors analyzed the website for a total of thirteen states in Malaysia, in relation to six different dimension measures of e-Government service offerings, as prescribed by literature. These six dimension measures are the extent of transparency, interactivity, usability and accessibility of the portal, citizen participation, security and privacy, and maturity level of services. A content analysis of the web portal was done, using a predetermined instrument developed based on our review of literature on this topic, in the past ten years. Their findings suggest that different State Governments in Malaysia demonstrate different levels of maturity in relation to the six dimensions measured.

Coalition Governments Fiscal Implication for the Indian Economy

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mala Lalvani
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
State Government ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Coalition Governments ◽  
Form Of Government ◽  
Government Level

The Indian polity has been through 43 coalition governments at the state level between 1966/67 and 1998/99. In the present study we attempt to examine what this change in form of government from single party to coalitions has meant for the economy. The results of our study which examines the post 1980 period give us reason to be optimistic. Coalitions at the state government level appear to have, on an average, done well to increase capital expenditures particularly capital expenditures on social services and other developmental categories. They have, however, not succeeded in taking politically hard decisions of curbing revenue expenditures and revenue deficits. It is our contention that the weak majority of coalition governments is their major strength. The tenuous hold of coalitions on power gives them a license for undertaking reforms. If the opportunity is taken to undertake the more ‘politically difficult’ reforms to prune revenue expenditures then the ‘era of coalitions’ would turn out to be a blessing in disguise for the Indian economy

scholarly journals Social impact bonds and fast policy: Analyzing the Australian experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 0308518X2094152
Author(s):  
Jacob Broom
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Impact Investing ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Social Impact Bonds ◽  
Australian Experience ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Scholarly Attention ◽  
Do So

Social impact bonds (SIBs) are attracting an increasing amount of critical scholarly attention. As an outcomes-based mechanism for financing social services, SIBs financialize social policy through the logic of impact investing. Responding to calls for attention to the politics of SIBs’ development, and breaking with the literature’s focus on cases from the UK and USA, this article explores the emergence of SIBs in Australia. It employs the concept of “fast policy,” which theorizes why and how policies move across borders, and describes the contemporary conditions that enable them to do so. Using document analysis, the article explores the discursive devices and practices used to justify the “pulling in” of SIBs to states in Australia. It finds that key actors in the Australian social impact world justified SIBs’ adoption using their synergy with powerful, popular policy discourses and practices, rather than engaging in political debates about their desirability. The Australian experience illuminates the power of intermediaries and the investors they represent over the design and proliferation of SIBs, as well as the roles played by austerity politics, policy experimentalism, and fast policy infrastructures in producing a context in which SIBs could be made real.

scholarly journals Exploring Potentials of Philanthropic Islamic Financial Instruments in Providing Healthcare Services for Underprivileged

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 239-260
Author(s):  
Rusni Hassan ◽  
Khairul Fikry Jamaludin ◽  
Mohamad Benaicha
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Responsible Investment ◽  
Ethical Finance ◽  
Social Impact Bonds

Philanthropic financial instruments utilize donated funds or assets in order to deliver social services for society. NGOs may not be able to operate the social services efficiently in the absence of such funds. Lately, there are plenty of organizations that have taken initiatives to render social services for targeted populations in order to curb social problems such as poverty, hunger, crimes, etc., through the use of some forms of philanthropic instruments including Islamic social finance, ethical finance, and others. Today, however, philanthropic financial instruments such as socially responsible investment (SRI), social impact bonds (SIB), and even Waqf are issued by financial institutions rather than socially driven institutions. As such, they have been treated as commercial financial instruments rather than socially driven mechanisms. This paper aims to elucidate the potentials of selected modern financial philanthropic instruments that deal with the healthcare sector. The strengths and weaknesses of the selected instruments will be assessed to explore their potentials in serving the healthcare services sector particularly for the underprivileged. The healthcare sector is highlighted as the focus of this study due to its relevance to the present challenge of the Covid-19 pandemic. This is an exploratory study that adopts the qualitative method whereby a rigorous review of the relevant literature is conducted to examine the potential that philanthropic Islamic financial instruments can offer in providing healthcare services to the underprivileged. The findings elaborate on three important models of philanthropic instruments, namely social impact bonds (SIB), development impact bonds (DIB), and takaful-waqf models. It was also found that these philanthropic instruments have varied strengths and weaknesses that require rectification in the future.

Policy, fast and slow: Social impact bonds and the differential temporalities of mobile policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 146801812199780
Author(s):  
Rebecca Grimwood ◽  
Tom Baker ◽  
Louise Humpage ◽  
Jacob Broom
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Transnational Mobility ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Policy Models ◽  
Social Impact Bonds ◽  
Global North

Governments are increasingly intrigued by the possibility of harnessing the private ‘social investment’ market to finance the delivery of social services. One social investment initiative in particular – Social Impact Bonds (SIBs) – has spread extensively within the global North. This article investigates the transnational mobility of SIBs by exploring the adoption and implementation of SIBs in New Zealand. It considers SIBs as a case of ‘fast policy’, a concept that describes both the increasing rapidity of policymaking and the proliferation of ‘best practice’ policy models. Although the model was adopted relatively quickly in New Zealand, implementation spanned a number of years following various complications and setbacks, echoing experiences in other places. This article seeks to extend conceptions of policy mobility and fast policy by arguing for both fast and slow temporalities of policy movement, contending that while adoption of mobile policies tends to be rapid, implementation can follow a much more gradual pace as they mediate, and are mediated by, local political, institutional and ideological factors.

scholarly journals Casinos and Economic Growth: An Update

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas M Walker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
State Government ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
National Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Casino Industry ◽  
Causality Model

As U.S. politicians and voters continue to grapple with the slower-than-expected recovery from the 2007-09 recession, the legalization (or expansion) of commercial casinos has become an increasingly popular policy. Casinos are politically popular because the state government legalizes them, and can thus create a new industry which pays high taxes and may stimulate employment and economic development. Despite the fact that casinos are now widespread in the United States – there are around 1,000 commercial and tribal casinos – the empirical evidence on their economic impacts is still negligible.In two previous studies ( we have tested the relationship between state-level casino revenues and per capita income (i.e., economic growth) to provide evidence on whether or not casinos have a positive economic impact on states’ economies. We have utilized a Granger causality model modified for use with panel data. Our initial evidence, from a paper published in 1998, indicated that casinos do Granger cause economic growth. However, when we re-tested the model using up-to-date data (at the time, through 2005), we found no significant results. The casino industry has grown extensively since 2005, and although the recession of 2007-09 had a negative impact on the casino industry, the national-level revenue numbers are again climbing.We extend our previous analyses in order to provide updated evidence on the economic growth impact of commercial casinos in the United States. Section 2 provides a more detailed background of our previous analysis and an overview of other relevant literature. Section 3 describes the data and model, and provides the results. Section 4 is a discussion and conclusion. 

scholarly journals Prospects for implementation of social impact bonds in Poland — an example of an intervention on the labour market

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-83
Author(s):  
Ryszard Necel ◽  
Marcin Wiśniewski
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Social Impact Bonds ◽  
Employment Support ◽  
Remedial Strategies

The aim of this article is to describe social impact bonds as an innovative instrument for financing social services. The first part presents the nature of this solution in its economic, institutional and legal aspects. Then we analyse the chances of social impact bond development taking into account the labour market and the financial market. In the next part, the authors present a proposal to use the model of social impact bonds in employment support services. The summary is a critical analysis of the model, presenting its weaknesses and relevant remedial strategies.

scholarly journals Peran Badan Amil Zakat Nasional Kota Banjarmasin dalam Peningkatan Perekonomian Masyarakat

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
Taufik Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Loan Fund ◽  
The People

The potency of tithe (locally called as zakat) recently is not optimally developed an professionaly managed. Ineffectiveness of operational of tithe collecting agency related to the aspects of administration, distributing, monitoring or in evaluating the tithe has become the factor of this condition. In other word, it can be assumed that the organizational system and management  of tithe is still classical, consumptive and lacking of significant social impact. Bassed on that assumption, the role of government is demmed essential in coping with the issue. Through the tithe collecting agency either in local or in national level, it is espected the management of tithe collection can be optimally down. Meanwhile, Baznas in Banjarmasin City is the object of this reseach in which, according to the writer, this institution has played its rule quite well in the attempt of realizing the laws about the management of tithe (zakat) both in collecting, distributing, and using the tithe and in the attempt of developing the people economic through the prorams of Revolving Loan Fund given by Baznas of Banjarmasin City that can influence the development of the Mustahiq economic trough it recently is not fulfilled maximally.

Applicability of management guidelines for surfing resources in California

Shore & Beach ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Edward Atkin ◽  
Dan Reineman ◽  
Jesse Reiblich ◽  
David Revell
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
National Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Legal Frameworks

Surf breaks are finite, valuable, and vulnerable natural resources, that not only influence community and cultural identities, but are a source of revenue and provide a range of health benefits. Despite these values, surf breaks largely lack recognition as coastal resources and therefore the associated management measures required to maintain them. Some countries, especially those endowed with high-quality surf breaks and where the sport of surfing is accepted as mainstream, have recognized the value of surfing resources and have specific policies for their conservation. In Aotearoa New Zealand surf breaks are included within national environmental policy. Aotearoa New Zealand has recently produced Management Guidelines for Surfing Resources (MGSR), which were developed in conjunction with universities, regional authorities, not-for-profit entities, and government agencies. The MGSR provide recommendations for both consenting authorities and those wishing to undertake activities in the coastal marine area, as well as tools and techniques to aid in the management of surfing resources. While the MGSR are firmly aligned with Aotearoa New Zealand’s cultural and legal frameworks, much of their content is applicable to surf breaks worldwide. In the United States, there are several national-level and state-level statutes that are generally relevant to various aspects of surfing resources, but there is no law or policy that directly addresses them. This paper describes the MGSR, considers California’s existing governance frameworks, and examines the potential benefits of adapting and expanding the MGSR in this state.

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