Introduction and management of vetch/barley forage mixtures in the rainfed areas of Pakistan. 1. Forage yield

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Qamar ◽  
J. D. H. Keatinge ◽  
Noor Mohammad (dec.) ◽  
Asghar Ali ◽  
M. Ajmal Khan
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Forage Mixtures

To investigate the introduction of vetch/barley forage mixtures with a range of harvesting treatments in the winter season of Mediterranean-type environments, studies were carried out during 1994–97 at the National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, which has an annual rainfall of around 1000 mm, and at a much drier site at the Arid Zone Research Centre (AZRC) at Quetta in Pakistan, which has an annual rainfall of around (223 mm). Common vetch (V), barley (B), and their mixtures at seed ratios of V75B25, V50B50, and V25B75 were sown and 3 harvest time treatments (pre-flowering, full flowering, and maturity) were imposed. At NARC, there were significant differences (P < 0·01) in dry matter production between crop mixture ratios and between different harvest times. Mixtures of vetch and barley were generally more productive than any of the sole crops, with the yield of the best mixture V75B25 (7·6 t/ha) being almost twice as productive as sole vetch. Productivity at the full flowering stage was lower (5·3 t/ha) than that recorded at maturity (7·0 t/ha) and for the dual-cut pre-flowering harvest treatment (6·2 t/ha). At AZRC, the same trends as at NARC were observed but with lower yields because of the substantially lower and less well distributed rainfall and suboptimal temperatures. The highest dry matter was obtained with the treatment V75B25 (3·3 t/ha), which was approximately 50% higher in yield than sole vetch or sole barley (around 2 t/ha). Dry matter was highest at the maturity stage (3·2 t/ha) and lowest at the flowering stage (2·3 t/ha), except in the sole vetch crop which was lowest in yield at the pre-flowering stage (2·7 t/ha), implying a minor interaction between seed mixture and harvesting stage.

Introduction and management of vetch/barley forage mixtures in the rainfed areas of Pakistan. 2. Forage quality

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Qamar ◽  
J. D. H. Keatinge ◽  
Noor Mohammad (dec.) ◽  
Asghar Ali ◽  
M. Ajmal Khan
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Full Flowering

The effects of a range of harvesting times and vetch/barley mixture ratios on forage quality were investigated in Mediterranean-type environments at the National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, which has an annual rainfall of around 1000 mm, and at a much drier site at the Arid Zone Research Centre (AZRC) at Quetta in Pakistan, during 1994–97. Common vetch (V), barley (B), and their mixtures at seed ratios of V75B25, V50B50, and V25B75 were sown, and 3 harvest time treatments (pre-flowering, full flowering, and maturity) were imposed. At NARC, there were significant differences (P < 0·01) in crude protein content, digestible dry matter (DDM), and metabolisable energy (ME) between crop mixture ratios and between different harvest times. Crude protein content in mixtures declined substantially as vetch in the mixtures was replaced with barley. The treatment V75B25 had the highest crude protein content (>1 t/ha), pure barley was least productive (<300 kg/ha), with pure vetch being intermediate in protein yield (700–800 kg/ha). All 3 mixtures of vetch and barley had higher DDM (4-5 t/ha) and ME values of 5–6·5 104 MJ/ha (highest for treatment V75B25) compared with both of the sole crops. DDM and ME in mixtures declined as the proportion of barley in the seed ratio in the mixtures increased, but pure barley had still somewhat more DDM (3·6 t/ha) and ME (43 344 MJ/ha) than pure vetch (3·2 t DDM/ha and 42 035 MJ ME/ha). At AZRC, the same trends as at NARC were observed but with lower yields because of the substantially lower and less well distributed rainfall and suboptimal temperatures.

Bridgeview alfalfa

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Acharya ◽  
H. Steppuhn
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Better Than

Acharya, S. N. and Steppuhn, H. 2012. Bridgeview alfalfa. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 203–206. Bridgeview salt tolerant alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) was developed by the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta in cooperation with the salt laboratory at Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre, Swift Current, Saskatchewan. This synthetic cultivar, tested as SC-A101 in the Western Forage Testing System (WFTest), was developed for improved seedling vigor and high forage yield under saline conditions. This cultivar yielded about 1% better than Beaver check in the WFTest over 36 location years. The pedigree of this cultivar consists of saline tolerant selections from Apica, AC Blue J, Barrier, Beaver, Heinrichs, Rangelander and Roamer alfalfa. This cultivar produced higher dry matter yield than Beaver in the third year of a test conducted in a naturally saline seep area in Vauxhall, AB. SC-A101 was found to perform significantly higher emergence, survival and biomass production than Rangelander alfalfa in an indoor test at salt levels higher than 16 dS m−8. Bridgeview was registered by CFIA on 2011 May 16 (Reg. No. 7018) and was licensed to SeCan for seed multiplication and distribution. This cultivar is well suited for hay production in western Canada.

Introduction and management of vetch/barley forage mixtures in the rainfed areas of Pakistan. 3. Residual effects on following cereal crops

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Qamar ◽  
J. D. H. Keatinge ◽  
Noor Mohammad (dec.) ◽  
Asghar Ali ◽  
M. Ajmal Khan
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Barley Seed ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
N Content ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Forage Mixtures

The residual effects of winter-sown forage mixtures grown in the northern rainfed parts of Punjab province and south-eastern North West Frontier Province in Pakistan were examined. Studies were carried out during 1994–97 primarily at the National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, which has an annual rainfall of around 1000 mm and, secondarily, at a much drier site at the Arid Zone Research Centre (AZRC) at Quetta. Common vetch (V), barley (B), and their mixtures at seed ratios of V75B25, V50B50, and V25B75 were sown and 3 harvest time treatments (pre-flowering, full flowering, and maturity) were imposed. Sorghum, and then wheat, were grown as succeeding crops to monitor the residual effects of the introduction and management of legume forage mixtures. Significant residual effects on the dry matter production and nitrogen (N) content of sorghum (P < 0·01) were observed at both NARC and AZRC following different vetch/barley seed ratio treatments. Sorghum dry matter yield after pure vetch and after the mixture ratio treatment of V75B25 was higher (4·5 t/ha) than after other mixtures and it was lowest after sole barley (2·5 t/ha). The N taken up by the sorghum after pure vetch amounted to 56 kg/ha and after pure barley was 25 kg/ha. Nitrogen yield from the sorghum decreased with increasing amount of barley in the mixture. There were no apparent effects of the previous harvest time treatments imposed on the forages. Differences in dry matter production and N content in wheat following sorghum at NARC were just detectable after different vetch/barley seed ratios. The greatest amount of dry matter (>4 t/ha) with an N content of 29 kg/ha was found following pure vetch and sorghum and the lowest dry matter (3·4 t/ha) and N (23 kg/ha) following pure barley and sorghum. At AZRC, the same trends in sorghum were observed as at NARC but with reduced yields due to the substantially lower and less well distributed rainfall and suboptimal temperatures, which restricted the productivity of the initial crops in the sequence.

scholarly journals Determination of optimum maturity stage of banana

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Amin ◽  
MN Hossain ◽  
MA Rahim ◽  
MB Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Maturity Indices ◽  
Postharvest Life ◽  
Time Of Harvest

Time of harvest based on maturity indices is very important for fruit quality. Fruits harvested before optimum maturity may not ripe adequately and may not develop adequate flavor, while fruits harvested late (over-matured) have a shorter postharvest life and deteriorate rapidly. Climacteric fruits can be harvested after reaching full maturation, and before reaching the ripening stage. The tissue culture suckers of BARI Kola1 and Sabri Kola varieties were used for the study. The experiment was conducted at the Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur in 2009-10. Optimum maturity stage of banana fruits reduced the postharvest losses and extended the storage life of fruits. BARI Kola 1 and Sabri Kola reached to flowering stages 10 and 15 months after planting, respectively. The optimum maturity stages of BARI Kola 1 and Sabri Kola were found to 120 and 100 days after emergence of flowering (DAEF) in summer and 130 and 110 DAEF in winter seasons, respectively. Higher pulp to peel ratio and yield of both the varieties was found in summer than those of winter season. The pre-harvest loss of banana fruits started at the point when it just exceeded the optimum maturity stage. Decreasing trend of shelf-life and firmness of fruits for both the varieties were observed with the advancement of maturity. On the other hand, dry matter content, angularity, pulp to peel ratio, and yield of banana fruits increased with the advancement of harvesting days. Degree days of these varieties were found to be 1750 and 1620, respectively.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(2): 189-204, June 2015

scholarly journals Total dry matter production of potato, mungbean and t. aman rice as influenced by nutrient management of potato-mungbean-t. aman rice cropping pattern

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAHS Jahan ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
M Salim ◽  
N Islam ◽  
TP Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Ground Part

A field experiment was conducted at the Regional Wheat Research Centre (RWRC) of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh for 2 consecutive years during 2006-07 and 2007-08 with the objective to find out the optimum nutrient management practice on total dry matter production (above ground part) of each component crop of potatomungbean- t. aman rice cropping pattern. Twelve nutrient management treatments were tested in RCBD with 3 replications. Treatments were, T1=HYG (0-198-44-194-24-6-1.2), T2=MYG (0-140-34-138-18-4.5-0.9), T3=IPNS (10000-168-38-170-18-6-1.2), T4=STB (0-171-40-164-22-5-1), T5=FP (0-97-16- 91-0-0-0), T6=CON (0-0-0-0-0-0-0), T7=HYG+CRI, T8=MYG+CRI, T9=IPNS+CRI, T10=STB+CRI, T11=FP+CRI, T12=CON+CRI kg/ha CDNPKSZnB, for potato; T1=HYG (0-24-40-48-24-3-1.2), T2=MYG (0-20-36- 40-20-2-1), T3=IPNS (5000-9-37-36-21-3-1.2), T4=STB (0-20-36-40-22-2-1), T5=FP (0-6-5-4-0-0-0), T6=CON (0-0-0-0-0-0-0), T7=HYG+CRI , T8=MYG+CRI, T9=IPNS+CRI, T10=STB+CRI, T11=FP+CRI, T12=CON+CRI kg/ha CDNPKSZnB for mungbean and T1=HYG (0-80-16-44-12-2-0), T2=MYG (0-56-12-32-8-1.5-0), T3=IPNS (5000-65-13-32-9-2-0), T4=STB (0- 68-15-37-11-2-0), T5=FP (0-39-37-12-0-0-0), T6=CON(0-0-0-0-0-0- 0),T7=HYG+CRI, T8=MYG+CRI, T9=IPNS+CRI, T10=STB+CRI,T11=FP+CRI, T12=CON+CRI kg/ha CDNPKSZnB for t. aman rice. HYG treatment without or with crop residues incorporation produced the highest TDM in potato, mungbean and t. aman rice followed by IPNS and STB along with or without CRI. The lowest TDM was recorded in control plot without CRI. The increasing trend of TDM was observed in the crop residues incorporation plots than nonincorporation plots. It was observed that there were significant and positive linear relationship between TDM and yield of potao, mungbean, and t. aman rice at 60 DAP, 60 DAS, and 90 DAT, respectively, in both the years. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i2.20416 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(2): 211-225, June 2014

scholarly journals FORAGE YEILD AND COMPITITION INDICES OF CEREALS MIXED INTERCROPPING WITH FORAGE LEGUMES IN SULAIMANI REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1417-1430
Author(s):  
Ch. S. Jafar ◽  
Sh. I. Towfiq ◽  
J. Gh. Rafat
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Ratio ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Grass Pea ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Booting Stage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Competition Indices

The present study was conducted in Sulaimani region at two different locations, Kanipanka and Qlyasan during winter season of 2019-2020 to estimate the response of forage yield and some competition indices to the effect of crop pure stands and their mixtures of barley and triticale intercropped with narbon vetch and grass pea with some different patterns. The experiment was designed according to Completely Randomized Block Design with three replications. As the average of both location the maximum green forage yield was produced by pure narbon vetch 32.610 ton ha-1, while pure barley produce maximum dry forage yield and dry matter % reached 5.506 ton ha-1 and 8.55% at booting stage respectively, but the crop mixture barley/grass pea at a rate 2:1 produce maximum green and dry forage yield 32.083 and 5.616 ton ha-1 respectively at booting stage. The crop mixture barley/vetch 1:1 gave maximum dry matter% 17.88% at the same stage. The highest value for total LER was 1.401recorded by the mixture of triticale/grass pea at elongation stage, while the highest relative crowding coefficient was 1.285 recorded by the same mixture at a rate 1:1 at the same cutting stage. Maximum competitive ratio for cereals was 3.652 recorded by barley in the mixture barley/grass pea 1:2 at elongation stage, while for legume it was 2.292 for narbon vetch in the mixture triticale/vetch 2:1 at booting stage.

scholarly journals Influence of Sowing Dates on the Phenological Development, Growth and Yield Of White Maize Genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
S Akhtar ◽  
MJ Ullah ◽  
A Hamid ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MKU Ahamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Sowing Dates

The experiment was conducted at the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (90o22 E, 23o 41 N), Dhaka, Bangladesh in  Rabi (winter) season of 2017-2018 to study the effects of sowing date on  growth and  yield of four white maize genotypes, viz.  PSC-121, Yangnuo-7, Yungnuo-30 and Changnuo-6. Sowing dates were November 26, December 11, and December 26. Data were collected on different phenological growth stages, dry matter, physiological attributes, yield, and yield attributes. A delay in sowing date delayed the time required for seedling emergence, to reach the 6-leaf collar, maturity stage, and also reduced yield. The planting of PSC-121 in November 26 gave the highest dry matter plant-1, the number of grains cob-1, and 100- grain weight that resulted in the highest grain yield (11.65 t/ha) of the genotype. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 57-70

Determination of forage yield and quality of mixtures of hairy vetch with some cereals (oat, barley and wheat) grown as catch crop

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Budakli Çarpici
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Catch Crop ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Hairy Vetch ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Feed Value

This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of mixture rates of hairy vetch with oat, barley and wheat on dry matter yield and its quality and to determine the suitable mixture when grown as catch crop at Uludag University, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Research and Application Center, Bursa Turkey during 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 growing seasons. The experimental plant entries were Menemen-79 variety of hairy vetch, Faikbey cultivar of oat, Akhisar-98 cultivar of barley and Flamura cultivar of wheat. Nine mixtures (25 % oat:75 % hairy vetch, 50 % oat:50 % hairy vetch, 75 % oat:25 % hairy vetch, 25 % barley:75 % hairy vetch, 50 % barley:50 % hairy vetch, 75 % barley:25 % hairy vetch, 25 % wheat:75 % hairy vetch, 50 % wheat:50 % hairy vetch, 75 % wheat:25 % hairy vetch) were used. Several parameters such as dry matter yield, leaf area index, light interception, crude protein content and yield; ADF (acid detergent fiber) and NDF (neutral detergent fiber) contents and relative feed value have been examined in the experiment. The highest dry matter yield was obtained from the mixtures of 50 % oat:50 % hairy vetch (12 040 kg ha-1) and 75 % oat:25 % hairy vetch (11 748 kg ha-1). According to the two-year results, the higher and quality hay yield (low in ADF and NDF values, high in relative feed value) was produced at 50 % oat:50 % hairy vetch mixture, and this mixture have been proposed to the experimental conditions due to its suitability.

Evaluation of chickpea varieties under compartmental bunding in rainfed situation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Patil ◽  
N. Loganandhan ◽  
M. N. Ramesha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Extension Gap

Compartmental bunding (CB) and improved chickpea varieties were evaluated in ten farmers’ fields during rainy-winter (kharif-rabi) seasons of 2012-13 in Vertisols at Bellary, India. Adopting improved chickpea varieties of BGD103 and JG11 during winter season increased the grain yields from 12.5 to 15.9%, respectively over locally cultivated A1 variety. The CB that was laid out during July (rainy season) conserved rainwater in-situ and further increased the grain yield of chickpea up to 36.7% in BGD103 and 43.9% in JG11. The increase in grain yield from 24.2% (JG11) to 27.8% (BGD103) indicates that CB is effective for in-situ rainwater conservation and improving profile soil moisture in Vertisols. However technology gap during study period was higher compared to extension gap and it was attributed to drought situation with only 81.2% of mean annual rainfall. Technology index was higher in this study and varied from 48.3% (Cultivation of BGD103 variety with CB) to 60.6% (Cultivation of JG11 variety without CB) indicating that technology index can be reduced and chickpea yields can be increased and sustained with adoption of improved chickpea production technologies including in-situ rainwater conservation practices at farmers fields. Correlation studies also indicate that grain weight, stover weight and total dry matter production per plant ultimately determine the chickpea grain and stover yields in the Vertisols of Bellary region during winter season. Higher gross and net returns with greater B:C ratio was observed with layout of farmers fields with CB and cultivation of JG11 variety.

scholarly journals A COMPARISON OF 'GRASSLANDS PITAU' AND 'HUIA' WHITE CLOVERS IN OTAGO

1972 ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
I.R. Mcdonald ◽  
N.A. Cullen
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Lower Fertility

Pitau and Huia white clovers were sown with two rates of Ruanui, Ariki and Manawa ryegrass on high fertility soil at Invermay Agricultural Research Centre and lower fertility soil at Traquair. Although clover establishment in the Pitau white clover treatments was comparable with, or superior to that in the Huia treatments, the latter tended to have a denser growth habit, particularly during spring. Overall, there was little difference in total annual dry matter production between treatments but clover yields varied considerably in all trials. Huia clover dry matter production was superior to Pitau in the first two years but in later years the position was reversed.

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