Precision Agriculture for Grain Production Systems

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Whelan ◽  
James Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
The Impact

Precision Agriculture (PA) is an approach to managing the variability in production agriculture in a more economic and environmentally efficient manner. It has been pioneered as a management tool in the grains industry, and while its development and uptake continues to grow amongst grain farmers worldwide, a broad range of other cropping industries have embraced the concept. This book explains general PA theory, identifies and describes essential tools and techniques, and includes practical examples from the grains industry. Readers will gain an understanding of the magnitude, spatial scale and seasonality of measurable variability in soil attributes, plant growth and environmental conditions. They will be introduced to the role of sensing systems in measuring crop, soil and environment variability, and discover how this variability may have a significant impact on crop production systems. Precision Agriculture for Grain Production Systems will empower crop and soil science students, agronomy and agricultural engineering students, as well as agronomic advisors and farmers to critically analyse the impact of observed variation in resources on crop production and management decisions.

scholarly journals Exploring farmers’ perception on climate-induced events and adaptation practices to protect crop production and livestock farming in Haor area of northeastern Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasneem Chowdhury Fahim ◽  
Bivuti Bhushan Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Adaptation Practices ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Bangladesh is confronting terrible impacts of climate change on agriculture across the country, especially in the low-lying area like- Haor, coastal region, and islands. This behavioral study (N = 320) examines the perception and knowledge of farmers on climate-induced events and experiences, and explores the adaptation practices they adopt to protect crop production and livestock farming from the impact of climate change in the Northeastern Haor area of the country. Using triangulation method, it is detected that farmers of the study area have erroneous idea on climate change and the causes of frequent climate extremes. Study results show that respondents’ perception and experiences on climate-induced event are verified positively with the historical trend and time-series analysis of climate indicators as well as with the findings of researchers using PRA tools and techniques. This study explores the traditional and systematic adaptation approaches of farmers which are practiced in individual or community level. The rationale of each of the approach from respondents’ side is also analyzed in the study. It is statistically tested using chi-square that some of the scientific and systematic adaptation options for crop production is predominantly influenced by the educational qualifications of the respondents. The study reveals that lack of proper information prevents subsistence farmers to find the most effective adaptation pathways.

scholarly journals Precision Agriculture Technology for Horticultural Crop Production

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary T. Roberson
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
North Carolina State University ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Agronomic Crops ◽  
Functional Areas

Precision agriculture is a comprehensive system that relies on information, technology and management to optimize agricultural production. While used since the mid-1980s in agronomic crops, it is attracting increasing interest in horticultural crops. Relatively high per acre crop values for some horticultural crops and crop response to variability in soil and nutrients makes precision agriculture an attractive production system. Precision agriculture efforts in the Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering at North Carolina State University are currently focused in two functional areas: site-specific management and postharvest process management. Much of the information base, technology, and management practices developed in agronomic crops have practical and potentially profitable applications in fruit and vegetable production. Mechanized soil sampling, pest scouting and variable rate control systems are readily adapted to horticultural crops. Yield monitors are under development for many crops that can be mechanically harvested. Investigations have begun to develop yield monitoring capability for hand harvested crops. Postharvest controls are widely used in horticultural crops to enhance or protect product quality.

scholarly journals 644 Precision Agriculture Technology for Horticultural Crop Production

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 558E-558
Author(s):  
Gary T. Roberson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Agronomic Crops ◽  
Functional Areas

Precision agriculture is a comprehensive system that relies on information, technology, and management to optimize agricultural production. While used for several years in agronomic crops, it is attracting increasing interest in horticultural crops. Relatively high per-acre crop values for some horticultural crops makes precision agriculture an attractive production system. Precision agriculture efforts in biological and agricultural engineering at North Carolina State Univ. are currently focused in two functional areas: site specific managment (SSM) and postharvest process managment (PPM). Much of the information base, technology, and management practices developed in agronomic crops have practical and potentially profitable applications in fruit and vegetable production. Mechanized soil sampling, and variable rate control systems are readily adapted to horticultural crops. Postharvest controls are widely used to enhance or protect product quality. These technologies and their applications will be discussed in this presentation. Yield monitors are under development for many crops that can be mechanically harvested. An overview of these developments will be discussed. In addition, low-cost technologies for entry into precision will be presented.

scholarly journals Black Pepper in Malaysia: An Overview and Future Prospects

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
A H Izzah ◽  
W.Y Wan Asrina
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Dominant Soil ◽  
East Malaysia ◽  
The Impact

Cultivating black pepper in Malaysia started in early 10th to the 11th century when the South Indian Kings began to extend their empire. The crop was brought to East Malaysia in 1840 by Chinese settlers, actively planted until it was hit by the massive flood, fluctuation of the price and outbreak of foot rot. High yielding cultivars such as Kuching, Semenggok Emas and Semenggok Aman provided promise for better production, but resulted in increased soil degradation and reduced crop growth in Sarawak. The paper aims to discuss the black pepper industry in Sarawak and present scenario of its cultivation including future prospects. Cultivating on hilly topography with coarse textured dominant soil becomes one of the limiting factors. This factor is observed due to high rainfall intensity and steeper slopes. Neglected soil conservation also affects crop production and lead to a lower return on investments. Technologies such as land conservation and practising precision agriculture need to be adopted to reduce the impact of soil degradation and better production.

Agricultural Productivity and Urbanization: Evidence from Grain and Tobacco Production Efficiency in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 5172-5183
Author(s):  
Ma Jing ◽  
Li Qing
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Cash Crop ◽  
Tobacco Production ◽  
Urbanization Rate ◽  
The Impact

This paperbased on grain production efficiency and tobacco production efficiency studies the impact of agricultural productivity on urbanization in open economy. Theoretically, a theoretical model allowing biased technological progress is constructed. The research finds that when technological progress is labor-saving technological progress, the improvement of agricultural productivity can significantly improve the level of urbanization. Empirically, using The Panel data of Chinese cities from 2000 to 2014, the empirical study finds that The improvement of grain production efficiency and the improvement of tobacco as a cash crop production efficiency will significantly improve the urbanization rate, and each standard deviation increase of agricultural productivity will increase the urbanization rate by about 4-9.6 percentage points, or about 12-30%. The above findings are robust and hold even after using instrumental variables and introducing more control variables. The research of this paper shows that the improvement of staple grain production efficiency and cash crop production efficiency can effectively improve the level of urbanization in China. Under the new normal of the economy, implementing the rural revitalization strategy and continuing to improve the efficiency of agricultural production is conducive to further improving the urbanization rate and boosting high-quality economic development.

An Undergraduate Student Project to Improve Mechanical Control of Perennial Nutsedges with a Peanut Digger in Organic Crop Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-867
Author(s):  
W. Carroll Johnson ◽  
Thomas R. Way ◽  
David G. Beale
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Organic Crop Production

Yellow and purple nutsedge are common in the southeastern United States, and both perennial species are difficult to control in organic crop-production systems. Tubers are generally confined to the upper portions of the soil profile and are vulnerable to desiccation when brought to the soil surface. A peanut digger is a common implement found in the coastal plain region of the southeastern United States and has shown promise controlling perennial nutsedges in fallow sites. The peanut digger undercuts perennial nutsedges, deposits weeds on the soil surface, and exposes weeds to desiccation. However, rainfall after tillage with the peanut digger allows displaced nutsedges to survive. As part of a senior-level class project, undergraduate mechanical engineering students from Auburn University designed and constructed a cart attached to a peanut digger that collected nutsedges. Key features included a custom hitch that allowed the correct plane of movement and a hydraulic conveyor system that discarded the perennial nutsedges off-site, away from the field. The prototype was tested in a fallow location in the summer of 2014 with a yellow nutsedge infestation averaging 148 plants m−2. One week after the initial field test, tillage using the peanut digger with specialized cart reduced yellow nutsedge densities in the tilled area by > 99%.

scholarly journals The Variability of Nitrogen Forms in Soils Due to Traditional and Precision Agriculture: Case Studies in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Anna Podlasek ◽  
Eugeniusz Koda ◽  
Magdalena Daria Vaverková
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
N Losses ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Spatial Diversification ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
The Impact

The soil and human health issues are closely linked. Properly managed nitrogen (N) does not endanger human health and increases crop production, nevertheless when overused and uncontrolled, can contribute to side effects. This research was intended to highlight that there is a need for carrying out monitoring studies in agricultural areas in order to expand the available knowledge on the content of N forms in agricultural lands and proper management in farming practice. The impact of two types of fertilization, concerning spatially variable (VRA) and uniform (UNI) N dose, on the distribution of N forms in soils was analyzed. The analysis was performed on the basis of soil monitoring data from agricultural fields located in three different experimental sites in Poland. The analyses performed at selected sites were supported by statistical evaluation and recognition of spatial diversification of N forms in soil. It was revealed that the movement of unused N forms to deeper parts of the soil, and therefore to the groundwater system, is more limited due to VRA fertilization. Finally, it was also concluded that the management in agricultural practice should be based on the prediction of spatial variability of soil properties that allow to ensure proper application of N fertilizers, resulting in the reduction of possible N losses.

scholarly journals Spatial Characterization of Microbial Communities on Multi-Species Leafy Greens Grown Simultaneously in the Vegetable Production Systems on the International Space Station

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1060
Author(s):  
Mary E. Hummerick ◽  
Christina L. M. Khodadad ◽  
Anirudha R. Dixit ◽  
Lashelle E. Spencer ◽  
Gretchen J. Maldonado-Vasquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
International Space ◽  
Leafy Greens ◽  
The Impact

The establishment of steady-state continuous crop production during long-term deep space missions is critical for providing consistent nutritional and psychological benefits for the crew, potentially improving their health and performance. Three technology demonstrations were completed achieving simultaneous multi-species plant growth and the concurrent use of two Veggie units on the International Space Station (ISS). Microbiological characterization using molecular and culture-based methods was performed on leaves and roots from two harvests of three leafy greens, red romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa cv. ‘Outredgeous’); mizuna mustard, (Brassica rapa var japonica); and green leaf lettuce, (Lactuca sativa cv. Waldmann’s) and associated rooting pillow components and Veggie chamber surfaces. Culture based enumeration and pathogen screening indicated the leafy greens were safe for consumption. Surface samples of the Veggie facility and plant pillows revealed low counts of bacteria and fungi and are commonly isolated on ISS. Community analysis was completed with 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Comparisons between pillow components, and plant tissue types from VEG-03D, E, and F revealed higher diversity in roots and rooting substrate than the leaves and wick. This work provides valuable information for food production-related research on the ISS and the impact of the plant microbiome on this unique closed environment.

scholarly journals Effect of Colored Shading Nets on the Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Sweet Pepper Grown under Semi-arid Conditions

2022 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Osama Mohawesh ◽  
Ammar Albalasmeh ◽  
Sanjit Deb ◽  
Sukhbir Singh ◽  
Catherine Simpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

Colored shading nets have been increasingly studied in semi-arid crop production systems, primarily because of their ability to reduce solar radiation with the attendant reductions in air, plant, and soil temperatures. However, there is a paucity of research concerning the impact of colored shading nets on various crops grown under semi-arid environments, particularly the sweet pepper (Capsicum annum) production system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of three colored shading net treatments (i.e., white, green, and black shading nets with 50% shading intensity and control with unshaded conditions) on the growth and instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE) of sweet pepper. The results showed that all colored shading nets exhibited significantly lower daytime air temperatures and light intensity (22 to 28 °C and 9992 lx, respectively) compared with the control (32 to 37 °C and 24,973 lx, respectively). There were significant differences in sweet pepper growth performance among treatments, including plant height, shoot dry weight, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, and vitamin C in ripened fruit. The enhanced photosynthetic rates were observed in sweet pepper plants under the colored shading nets compared with control plants. WUE increased among the colored shading net treatments in the following order: control ≤ white < black < green. Overall, the application of green and black shading nets to sweet pepper production systems under semi-arid environments significantly enhanced plant growth responses and WUE.

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