Measuring Object-Centred Attention Based on a Cueing Paradigm

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 220-220
Author(s):  
C Lafosse ◽  
M F Westerhuis ◽  
E Vandenbussche
Keyword(s):  
Target Location ◽  
Necker Cube ◽  
Visual Space ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Uncued Location ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Model Configuration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference

Visual attention can be allocated to a location in visual space and/or to a representation of an object in the visual field, independently of their spatial location. In Posner's cueing paradigm, it is assumed that attention is moved to and then engaged at a cued location. If the target appears at an uncued location, attention first has to be disengaged from the cued location before moving to and engaging the target location. On the basis of this paradigm, we designed an experiment to measure the disengaging of attention from objects, independently of location. For this purpose we used the bistable Necker cube that can be perceived as two different object configurations, depending on the position of the front side of the cube (lower left or upper right). The subject was instructed to react when he perceived the Necker cube as a previously presented model configuration, ie a stable cube. Each condition started with a bistable cube (with equal luminance of the ribs) that gradually evolved into the model configuration, by manipulating the luminance of the ribs of the cube. Prior to this the subject was cued by a cube similar to the model in the valid condition and cued by a dissimilar cube in the invalid condition. The results showed a significant difference (F1,10=7.35; p<0.05) between the valid and invalid cue condition, indicating a significant cost for the invalid cue condition. This effect is in accord with the well-known set effect found previously with bistable figures. The difference between the valid and the invalid cue conditions will be interpreted as disengaging attention from an object. Thus, object-based components of attention can be examined by paradigms similar to Posner's paradigm for location-based attention.

Teacher’s Personality as One of the Possible Factors of Perception of the Subject: the Example of Science

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-91
Author(s):  
Milan Kubiatko ◽  
Lenka Rovňanová
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Science Teachers ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Average Score ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference

The goal of the research survey was to determine whether the teacher represents one of the possible factors which influence the perception of the subject (attitude to it) using the example of Science among lower-secondary students. In the research survey, 261 students of the 9th grade participated. To fulfil the goals of the research survey a questionnaire with interval questions based on Lickert scaling was used. To determine the influence of the teacher on the perception of Science among lower-secondary students—ISCED 2—analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was employed. As independent variables, items from the demographic section of the research tool were used (gender, residence, the number of Science teachers the student had and gender of the current teacher). As the dependent variable, average scores in the questionnaire items for individual groups were used in this case. The average score in the items related to the opinion on the teacher served as a covariate. From the results of the study, it is evident that the teacher’s personality influences the perception of the subject. After filtering out the influence of the teacher, the difference in gender and residence of the student didn’t prove as significant. A significant difference could be identified in the number of Science teachers the student had and the gender of the teacher who taught the students during the realisation of the research survey. In the final part implications for teaching practice and further possibilities of the research concerning this topic are provided.

scholarly journals Sikap Toleransi dan Tipe Kepribadian Big Five pada Mahasiswa UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
Asti Meiza
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Type ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
High Tolerance ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Personality Item ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference

Indonesia is a big country with high pluralism. Country like Indonesia requires a high tolerance attitude. This research aimed to obtain the description about tolerance in the students based on personality type. The participants were 350 UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung’s students with quantitative approach. The variables were personality type and tolerance attitude. Personality types using a scale compiled from the Big Five theory formulated from the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP). Tolerance attitude was measured using the scale developed by van der Waltz. The results show that the type of personality Conscientious dominates the subject and there is no subject that has the Agreeableness type. From the four personality types, Analysis of Variance (Anova) found no significant difference in their tolerance attitudes. It seems that the majority of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati’s students have good moral values so they can tolerate the difference.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Cardioankle Vascular Index in Pregnant Women Complicated with Hypertensive Disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Yoshida ◽  
Takashi Sugiyama ◽  
Norimasa Sagawa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

It was previously reported that the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is elevated in preeclamptic women. However, baPWV is strongly affected by blood pressure. Recently, a new index of vascular stiffness, the cardioankle vascular index (CAVI), was developed. CAVI is thought to be an index independent of blood pressure. We assessed CAVI in normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women. We studied a total of 109 Japanese women consisting of 23 nonpregnant healthy women (group A), 45 normotensive pregnant women (group B), 28 pregnant women complicated with established preeclampsia (group C), and 13 pregnant women with chronic hypertension (group D). The subject remained supine while the blood pressure, baPWV, and CAVI were recorded. No significant difference in baPWV was present between groups C and D, but the difference in CAVI was significantly high in group D. We believe that we can distinguish the vessel structural change between chronic hypertension and preeclampsia through simultaneous baPWV and CAVI measurements.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN INDEKS KEBUTUHAN PERAWATAN PERIODONTAL (CPITN) ANAK NORMAL DAN ANAK TUNARUNGU

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Nashriatul Mawaddah ◽  
Kusuma Arbianti ◽  
Niluh Ringga W
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Assessments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference

Background: Normal children had sensing capabilities to do oral health assessments. The inability to hear that was suffered by the deaf children caused obstacles to do oral health assessments. The dental and periodontal conditions were important for healthy life in general. The objective of this research was to know the difference Community Index Periodontal Treatment Needs (CPITN) between normal children in SD N 1 Tegaldowo Sragen with deaf children in SLB-B YPSLB Gemolong. Method: This research used observational method with Cross Sectional strategy. The subject of this research consist of 31 deaf children dan 83 normal children. Periodontal conditions from the two groups were measured by WHO probe. After the measurement, the CPITN index would be determined by looking at the highest score. The research was analyzed by using statistic non-parametric test from Mann-Whitney. Results: The result was 0.0003 (p<0.05), revealing there was a significant difference of CPITN index from normal children and deaf children. Conclusion: In conclusion, the highest periodontal status from normal children was gingival bleeding that meant they need to be given a conseling and demonstation about oral helath. The highest score from deaf children revealed the presence of subgingival and supragingival calculus that meant they needed to be given a counseling and demonstration including scaling treatment.

scholarly journals The Effect of the (Rothkopf) Model on Developing Conciliatory Thinking among Fourth-Grade Literary Students in History

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 2459-2469
Author(s):  
Murad Ahmed Khalaf, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Fourth Grade ◽  
Female Students ◽  
T Test ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

After identifying the subjects of the subject to be studied in the course of the experiment by five subjects, and for the purpose of measuring the compromise thinking test for the two sets of subjects studied by the researcher himself, the researcher prepared a compromise thinking test, presented to a group of experts and specialists to verify the truthfulness of the test, to analyze its paragraphs and calculate its persistence, and after analyzing the results of the responses of female sample students and statistically addressing them using appropriate statistical means, he found that the test was all paragraphs of the test. After the completion of the (11) week-long experiment, the Compromise Thinking Test was applied to the requests of the pilot and officer groups, and after statistical analysis and processing of female students' answers using the T test for two linked samples, a statistically significant difference was found between the average grades of female students in the two research groups. The results also showed that the difference is statistically significant and that this difference in compromise thinking is in favor of the experimental group for the test of remote compromise thinking.

scholarly journals Game-Based Learning Outcomes Among Physiotherapy Students: Comparative Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Molina-Torres ◽  
Miguel Rodriguez-Arrastia ◽  
Raquel Alarcón ◽  
Nuria Sánchez-Labraca ◽  
María Sánchez-Joya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Physiotherapy Students ◽  
Experimental Group

BACKGROUND University teaching methods are changing, and in response to a classical teacher-centered approach, new methods continue to strengthen knowledge acquisition by involving students more actively in their learning, thus achieving greater motivation and commitment. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the degree of satisfaction of physiotherapy students who used a board game–based approach, as well as to compare the difference between traditional and gamification teaching methods and their influence on the final evaluation of these students. METHODS A comparative study was conducted. Participants were physiotherapy students who were enrolled in the subject of “physiotherapy in geriatric and adult psychomotricity” (n=59). They were divided into two groups (experimental [n=29] and control [n=30] groups) through convenience sampling. The experimental group received gamification lessons, where the students performed different tests adapted from Party&amp;Co, and the control group received traditional lessons. A total of 16 theoretical lessons were received in both groups. RESULTS The scores in the final examination of the subject were higher in the experimental group (mean 7.53, SD 0.95) than in the control group (mean 6.24, SD 1.34), showing a statistically significant difference between the two groups (<i>P</i>=.001). CONCLUSIONS Overall, the “Physiotherapy Party” game not only stimulated learning and motivated students, but also improved learning outcomes among participants, and the improvements were greater than those among students who received traditional teaching.

scholarly journals A comparative study of intra-peritoneal instillation of lignocaine versus placebo on operative site in laparoscopic cholecystectomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Mukund Mundra ◽  
Vinod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Rescue Analgesia ◽  
Operative Morbidity ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Analgesia Requirement ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Operative Nausea

Background: Visceral nociception is a significant source of the post-operative morbidity in Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and thus the idea of intraperitoneal local anaesthetic (IPLA) instillation was promulgated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of intra-peritoneal lignocaine instillation on post-operative morbidity in terms of post-operative pain and post-operative nausea and vomiting and also to establish if there is any difference exists between the timing of instillation of intra-peritoneal lignocaine (before and after completing the gall bladder dissection).Methods: Eighty patients randomized into two groups lignocaine group (lignocaine instilled in gallbladder bed) and placebo group (saline instilled in gallbladder bed). Lignocaine group further divided into subgroups i.e. pre-dissection lignocaine group (lignocaine instilled before gallbladder dissection) and post-dissection lignocaine group (lignocaine instilled after gallbladder dissection).Results: Post-operative pain was measured in terms of the VAS score. The score was less in lignocaine group. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) at 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24hours between lignocaine group and placebo Group. No statistically significant difference between the mean of VAS scores of pre-dissections lignocaine and post-dissection lignocaine subgroups. In lignocaine group, 27.8%, 75%, 41% and 25% of the subject required rescue analgesia in 1st hr, next 1-8 hr, 8-16 hr and 16-24 hr respectively. In placebo group 33.3%, 97.2%, 83.3 % and 63.9% of the subject required rescue analgesia in 1st hr, next 1-8 hr, 8-16 hr and 16-24hr respectively. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05) except at 1st hour. Post operatively nausea perception, seemed to be slightly higher in placebo group as compared to lignocaine group but difference was statistically insignificant (p>0.05).Conclusions: Intraperitoneal lignocaine instillation is an effective method to alleviate post-operative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, whether used as pre-emptive analgesia or instilled at the end of surgery. Intraperitoneal lignocaine instillation decreases post-operative analgesia requirement, especially after the 1st post-operative hour.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Media Alat Peraga Nasyid Sebagai Pembelajaran Inovatif Guna Memahami Konsep Agama Islam di SMA Negeri 1 Ambunten

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
L. Qodri Shiddiq
Keyword(s):  
Learning Styles ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Religious Learning ◽  
Innovative Learning ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT             Success of learning is determined by many factors, including the teacher's factor in carrying out the teaching and learning process because the teacher can directly affect Maintaining and improving intelligence and skills of the students solve the above problems and to achieve the education to the maximum the teacher's role is very important and teachers are expected to have a way of models of good teaching and being able to select appropriate learning models and in accordance with the concepts of subjects that will be presented             While the goal from the research is a to determine the significance of differences in learning acquisition between learning using songs that breathe Islam and learning without using songs that breathe Islam on the subject matter of Islamic religion on the subject of the journey of Ra. sulullah, b to find out the significance of the difference in learning acquisition based on the learning styles of SMA Negeri 1 students, know between the use of Islamic learning songs with the learning acquisition of students in SMA Negeri 1 ambunten.             From the analysis, it is found that there is a significant difference in learning acquisition between Islamic religious learning. the subject matter of the Prophet's journey by using Islamic-breathed songs to students of SMA Negeri 1 ambunten means that the use of songs with Islamic breaths to organize the learning environment can increase the acquisition of learning and learning will be meaningful and successful when learning or students are free from pressure and tension, songs breathing Islam that is played can determine the mood of the listener and the lover, the sound of relaxing Islamic breathing songs with the right rhythm can help release all forms of tension,               There is a real interaction between the use of Islamic-inspired songs Learning with learning acquisition in SMA Negeri 1 students provides an indication that between learning Islamic songs and learning outcomes have a close relationship, Islamic-breathed songs and learning styles have a significant influence in increasing learning acquisition   For keywords using media, tools nasyid display, innovative learning.

scholarly journals Analisis Perkembangan Kecerdasan Interpersonal Anak dengan Metode Bermain Peran

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Eka Nurtika
Keyword(s):  
Role Play ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Class B ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Result Analysis ◽  
Research Analysis

The purpose of this research is to find out the reality of interpersonal intelligence in a child by the role playing method and dialogue method, and the difference of interpersonal intelligence of children between both of methods. The subject of this research is the students class B RA Al Furqon Buahbatu Bandung. The collection of data on this research using observations, that is a measuring instrument that contains a list of names subject and behaviour which is expected to appear during research. Analysis of data on this research use of statistical analysis parametric measure of t-test between group of experiments with the control group. Based on the result analysis of data obtained value of average at the experiment group = 77, 64, and the value of average of control group = 66,08. And the result of t-test = 9,88, while the value of t-table = 2,060, that suggests that the group experiments obtained the result of a significant compared to the control group. Thus, there are a significant difference, between group of role play method and group of dialogue method, and also this prove that role play methode can increase the interpersonal intelligence of children.

scholarly journals Pengaruh taburia terhadap status anemia dan status gizi balita gizi kurang

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyuni Kunayarti ◽  
Madarina Julia ◽  
Joko Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Fortified Food ◽  
Child Morbidity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
External Variables ◽  
Cohort Study Design ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference

Background: Micronutrient deficiency seriously contributes to child morbidity and mortality. The need for micronutrient can be fulfilled from food, fortified food, and direct supplementation. Taburia is multivitamin multimineral that is aimed to meet the need for micronutrient of undernourished under-fives and to prevent the increased prevalence of undernourishment. It is necessary efficacy and effectiveness study of Taburia to anemia and nutritional status of undernourished under fives of 24-55 months.Objective: To identify the effect of Taburia supplementation to anemia and nutrition status of under fives at District of Lombok Timur.Method: The study was experimental with prospective cohort study design carried out at District of Lombok Timur, Province of Nusa Tenggara Barat. The subject of the study was undernourished under fives at the area of Nutrition Improvement Community through Empowerment (NICE) project. The independent variables were Taburia and biscuits; the dependent variables were anemia and nutrition status; and the external variables were the intake of energy, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, Fe, and zinc. Data analysis used ANOVA and paired t-test.Results: There was a significant difference in the average level of hemoglobin of the subject after the intervention, either in taburia group, biscuit group, or taburia+biscuit group (p<0.05). There was the difference in average weight after intervention in the three groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the average level of hemoglobin and the average level of weight between biscuit group and Taburia+biscuit group. There was a change in anemia status from anemia to nonanemia; the highest was in Taburia group, i.e. 96%; and better nutrition status at the end of the experiment occurred at Taburia+biscuit group from emaciated to normal (100%).Conclusion: Taburia supplementation could increase anemia status. Micronutrient supplementation was needed to increase nutrition status.

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