Change of Temporal-Order Judgment of Sounds during Long-Lasting Exposure to Large-Field Visual Motion

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p5692 ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1649-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Teramoto ◽  
Hiroshi Watanabe ◽  
Hiroyuki Umemura ◽  
Shinichi Kita
Keyword(s):  
Visual Motion ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Auditory Modality ◽  
Heading Direction ◽  
Small Display ◽  
Self Motion ◽  
Direction Opposite

The perceived temporal order of external successive events does not always follow their physical temporal order. We examined the contribution of self-motion mechanisms in the perception of temporal order in the auditory modality. We measured perceptual biases in the judgment of the temporal order of two short sounds presented successively, while participants experienced visually induced self-motion (yaw-axis circular vection) elicited by viewing long-lasting large-field visual motion. In experiment 1, a pair of white-noise patterns was presented to participants at various stimulus-onset asynchronies through headphones, while they experienced visually induced self-motion. Perceived temporal order of auditory events was modulated by the direction of the visual motion (or self-motion). Specifically, the sound presented to the ear in the direction opposite to the visual motion (ie heading direction) was perceived prior to the sound presented to the ear in the same direction. Experiments 2A and 2B were designed to reduce the contributions of decisional and/or response processes. In experiment 2A, the directional cueing of the background (left or right) and the response dimension (high pitch or low pitch) were not spatially associated. In experiment 2B, participants were additionally asked to report which of the two sounds was perceived ‘second’. Almost the same results as in experiment 1 were observed, suggesting that the change in temporal order of auditory events during large-field visual motion reflects a change in perceptual processing. Experiment 3 showed that the biases in the temporal-order judgments of auditory events were caused by concurrent actual self-motion with a rotatory chair. In experiment 4, using a small display, we showed that ‘pure’ long exposure to visual motion without the sensation of self-motion was not responsible for this phenomenon. These results are consistent with previous studies reporting a change in the perceived temporal order of visual or tactile events depending on the direction of self-motion. Hence, large-field induced (ie optic flow) self-motion can affect the temporal order of successive external events across various modalities.

Temporal-Order Judgment and Reaction Time to Stimuli of Different Rise Times

Perception ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Jaśkowski
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Point Of Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
The Subject

Point of subjective simultaneity and simple reaction time were compared for stimuli with different rise times. It was found that these measures behave differently. To explain the result it is suggested that in the case of temporal-order judgment the subject takes into account not only the stimulus onset but also other events connected with stimulus presentation.

Is A always red? Multisensory integration of synesthetic stimuli in synesthetes and non-synesthetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Miketa Arvaniti ◽  
Noam Sagiv ◽  
Lucille Lecoutre ◽  
Argiro Vatakis
Keyword(s):  
Multisensory Integration ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Temporal Integration ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
Crossmodal Correspondences ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
Audiovisual Stimuli ◽  
Processing Mechanisms

Our research project aimed at investigating multisensory temporal integration in synesthesia and explore whether or not there are commonalities in the sensory experiences of synesthetes and non-synesthetes. Specifically, we investigated whether or not synesthetes are better integrators than non-synesthetes by examining the strength of multisensory binding (i.e., the unity effect) using an unspeeded temporal order judgment task. We used audiovisual stimuli based on grapheme-colour synesthetic associations (Experiment 1) and on crossmodal correspondences (e.g., high-pitch — light colours; Experiment 2) presented at various stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) with the method of constant stimuli. Presentation of these stimuli in congruent and incongruent format allowed us to examine whether congruent stimuli lead to a stronger unity effect than incongruent ones in synesthetes and non-synesthetes and, thus, whether synesthetes experience enhanced multisensory integration than non-synesthetes. Preliminary data support the hypothesis that congruent crossmodal correspondences lead to a stronger unity effect than incongruent ones in both groups, with this effect being stronger in synesthetes than non-synesthetes. We also found that synesthetes experience stronger unity effect when presented with idiosyncratically congruent grapheme-colour associations than in incongruent ones as compared to non-synesthetes trained in certain grapheme-colour associations. Currently, we are investigating (Experiment 3) whether trained non-synesthetes exhibit enhanced integration when presented with synesthetic associations that occur frequently among synesthetes. Utilizing this design we will provide psychophysical evidence of the multisensory integration in synesthesia and the possible common processing mechanisms in synesthetes and non-synesthetes.

Attentional Modulation of Self-Motion Perception

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p5037 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiteru Kitazaki ◽  
Takao Sato
Keyword(s):  
Motion Perception ◽  
Visual Motion ◽  
Depth Plane ◽  
Relative Depth ◽  
Attentional Modulation ◽  
Motion Energy ◽  
Large Display ◽  
Attentional Effect ◽  
Self Motion ◽  
Direction Opposite

Attentional effects on self-motion perception (vection) were examined by using a large display in which vertical stripes containing upward or downward moving dots were interleaved to balance the total motion energy for the two directions. The dots moving in the same direction had the same colour, and subjects were asked to attend to one of the two colours. Vection was perceived in the direction opposite to that of non-attended motion. This indicates that non-attended visual motion dominates vection. The attentional effect was then compared with effects of relative depth. Clear attentional effects were again found when there was no relative depth between dots moving in opposite directions, but the effect of depth was much stronger for stimuli with a relative depth. Vection was mainly determined by motion in the far depth plane, although some attentional effects were evident even in this case. These results indicate that attentional modulation for vection exists, but that it is overridden when there is a relative depth between the two motion components.

Temporal-Phonemic Processing Skills in Adult Stutterers and Nonstutterers

1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. Meyers ◽  
Larry F. Hughes ◽  
Zahrl G. Schoeny
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Auditory Temporal Processing ◽  
Dichotic Listening Task ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Listening Task ◽  
Normal Controls

The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that stuttering is related to a dysfunction in auditory temporal processing. The performance of 20 adult male stutterers and 20 matched nonstutterers was studied using two auditory processing tasks. The subjects listened to stimuli with differential onset asynchronies during temporal order judgment (TOJ) and dichotic listening tasks. Stutterers and nonstutterers were not significantly different at judging which ear received the stimulation first (TOJ task) at varying stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs). During the dichotic listening task, stutterers made significantly fewer double-correct responses (correct report for both stimuli in a dichotic pair) than nonstutterers. The stuttering subjects correctly classified one of the syllables in a pair (single-correct response) more frequently than normal controls on the dichotic listening task. These findings suggest that SOAs as a temporal parameter do not differentiate the performance of the two groups. The more difficult auditory processing task (dichotic identification) showed a significant difference in the performance of the stutterers versus nonstutterers.

Long-Term Musical Training Alters Tactile Temporal-Order Judgment

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon P. Landry ◽  
François Champoux
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Musical Training ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Training Environment ◽  
Temporal Order Judgement ◽  
The Impact

Long-term musical training is an enriched multisensory training environment that can alter uni- and multisensory substrates and abilities. Amongst these altered abilities are faster reaction times for simple and complex sensory tasks. The crossed arm temporal-order judgement (TOJ) task is a complex tactile task in which TOJ error rate increases when arms are crossed. Reaction times (RTs) for this task are typically proportionate to the difficulty of the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) and increase more when the arms are crossed than when uncrossed. The objective of this study was to study the impact of musical training on RTs and accuracy for the crossed arm TOJ task. Seventeen musicians and 20 controls were tested. Musicians had significantly faster RTs for all crossed arm conditions and half of the uncrossed conditions. However, musicians had significantly more TOJ errors for the crossed posture. We speculate that faster musician TOJ RTs leave little time to consolidate conflicting internal and external task-related information when crossing the arms, leading to increased incorrect responses. These results provide novel insights on the potential mechanisms underlying the increased TOJ error rates when arms are crossed. Moreover, they add to the growing literature of altered sensory ability in musicians and propose an unexpected consequence of faster reaction times.

scholarly journals Common causation and offset effects in human visual-inertial heading direction integration

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 1369-1379
Author(s):  
Raul Rodriguez ◽  
Benjamin T. Crane
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Optic Flow ◽  
Visual Motion ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Heading Direction ◽  
Integrated Or ◽  
Self Motion

Movement direction can be determined from a combination of visual and inertial cues. Visual motion (optic flow) can represent self-motion through a fixed environment or environmental motion relative to an observer. Simultaneous visual and inertial heading cues present the question of whether the cues have a common cause (i.e., should be integrated) or whether they should be considered independent. This was studied in eight healthy human subjects who experienced 12 visual and inertial headings in the horizontal plane divided in 30° increments. The headings were estimated in two unisensory and six multisensory trial blocks. Each unisensory block included 72 stimulus presentations, while each multisensory block included 144 stimulus presentations, including every possible combination of visual and inertial headings in random order. After each multisensory stimulus, subjects reported their perception of visual and inertial headings as congruous (i.e., having common causation) or not. In the multisensory trial blocks, subjects also reported visual or inertial heading direction (3 trial blocks for each). For aligned visual-inertial headings, the rate of common causation was higher during alignment in cardinal than noncardinal directions. When visual and inertial stimuli were separated by 30°, the rate of reported common causation remained >50%, but it decreased to 15% or less for separation of ≥90°. The inertial heading was biased toward the visual heading by 11–20° for separations of 30–120°. Thus there was sensory integration even in conditions without reported common causation. The visual heading was minimally influenced by inertial direction. When trials with common causation perception were compared with those without, inertial heading perception had a stronger bias toward visual stimulus direction. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Optic flow ambiguously represents self-motion or environmental motion. When these are in different directions, it is uncertain whether these are integrated into a common perception or not. This study looks at that issue by determining whether the two modalities are consistent and by measuring their perceived directions to get a degree of influence. The visual stimulus can have significant influence on the inertial stimulus even when they are perceived as inconsistent.

Facial Affect and Temporal Order Judgments

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka M. Fecica ◽  
Jennifer A. Stolz
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Short Soas ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
Temporal Order Judgments

Abstract. The influence of facial affect on the perception of temporal order was examined in the context of the temporal order judgment (TOJ) paradigm. Two schematic faces were presented either simultaneously, or separated by varying stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs; -100 ms, -34 ms, -17 ms, 17 ms, 34 ms, 100 ms), and participants had to judge which face appeared first. Each schematic face displayed one of three emotions; happy, neutral, or angry. Facial affect was found to influence judgments of temporal order at short SOAs (-17 ms, 0 ms, and 17 ms) but not at the longest SOAs (-100 ms and 100 ms), consistent with the hypothesis that facial affect influences relative onset judgments when they are difficult to make.

Stimulus onset-to-onset time determines the dichotic temporal order threshold

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey Babkoff ◽  
Elisheva Ben-Artzi ◽  
Leah Fostick
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Order ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Stimulus Onset
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