scholarly journals Detection Performance in Pop-Out Tasks: Nonmonotonic Changes with Display Size and Eccentricity

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p3201 ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 591-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Meinecke ◽  
Mieke Donk
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Display Size ◽  
Detection Performance ◽  
Retinal Eccentricity ◽  
Large Display ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Search Processes ◽  
Small Display ◽  
Performance Variations ◽  
Equivalent Conditions

We carried out three experiments to investigate detection performance in pop-out tasks and analysed how performance varied as a function of display size (number of elements) and retinal eccentricity of the target. Results showed that when display size was increased from 2 to 81 elements performance first decreased and then increased (replicating Sagi and Julesz, 1987 Spatial Vision2 39–49). Performance variations differed as a function of eccentricity and often were more pronounced in the periphery than in the foveal area. This retinal-eccentricity influence suggests that processes underlying detection performance in small display sizes are different from those in large display sizes. One should be careful when using the variation of display size as an instrument to analyse visual-search processes because this analysis could be based on a comparison between non-equivalent conditions.

Termination of a visual search with large display size effects

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Shiffrin ◽  
Denis Cousineau
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Display Size ◽  
Large Display

scholarly journals A comparison of accommodation and ocular discomfort change according to display size of smart devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Woo Kang ◽  
Yeoun Sook Chun ◽  
Nam Ju Moon
Keyword(s):  
Display Size ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Accommodative Response ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Objective Metrics ◽  
Ocular Discomfort ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Small Display ◽  
Ophthalmic Disease

Abstract Background To evaluate the change of accommodation and ocular discomfort according to the display size, using quantitative measurements of accommodation and ocular discomfort through subjective and objective metrics. Methods Forty six subjects without any ophthalmic disease history were asked to watch the documentary movie, using two different sizes of smart devices; smartphones and tablets. Before and after using devices, the near point accommodation (NPA) and the near point convergence (NPC) were measured, and objective accommodation was measured using an auto refractometer/keratometer. The subjective ocular discomfort was assessed through a survey. Results Both devices showed a decrease in post-use NPA and NPC, and the change after use of the smartphone was significantly severe, 1.8 and 2.5 folds respectively, compared to tablet (p = 0.044, p = 0.033, respectively). Neither smartphone nor tablet showed significant changes in the accommodative response induced by dynamic accommodative stimulus of auto refractometer/keratometer (p = 0.240 and p = 0.199, respectively). Subjects showed a more severe increase in ocular discomfort after using smartphones (p = 0.035) and reported feeling tired even with shorter use times (p = 0.012). Conclusions Both devices showed significant decreases in NPA and NPC, and the larger changes were seen when using the small display smartphone. Even within 20minutes of using, subjects start to feel ocular discomfort, and it was more severe and faster after smartphones than tablets. Therefore, the smaller the display size, the greater the adverse impact on eyes, and thus, appropriate display size will need to be selected depending on the time and purpose of use.

Large Display Size Enhances User Experience in 3D Games

2006 ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Lin ◽  
Wanhua Hu ◽  
Atsumi Imamiya ◽  
Masaki Omata
Keyword(s):  
User Experience ◽  
Display Size ◽  
Large Display

scholarly journals Foraging for Handholds: Attentional Scanning Varies by Expertise in Rock Climbing

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1948-1952
Author(s):  
Emily Hartkop ◽  
Christopher D. Wickens ◽  
John Keller ◽  
Anne C. McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Rock Climbing ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Information Foraging ◽  
Search Processes ◽  
Tactile Cues ◽  
Theory Of Information ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Visual Fixations

Efficiency of search often comes with experience. We explored search processes during a highly dynamic and complex task: rock climbing. In general, we found similarities between expert and non-expert climbers regarding their visual search and differences in their tactile search. Analyses determined that experts and non-experts did not differ in their visual fixations toward areas of interest (AOIs), but differed in their mean fixation times depending on the terrain. Experts performed fewer investigative touches than non-experts, suggesting that experts might have climbed faster due to their reliance on visual rather than tactile cues. These findings support the theory of information foraging in a dynamic environment by suggesting that non-experts used tactile search to acquire information rather than relying on visual search.

Curved Versus Flat Monitors: Interactive Effects of Display Curvature Radius and Display Size on Visual Search Performance and Visual Fatigue

2020 ◽  
pp. 001872082092271
Author(s):  
Gyouhyung Kyung ◽  
Sungryul Park
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Display Size ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Curvature Radius ◽  
Viewing Distance ◽  
Search Performance ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Visual Display Terminal ◽  
Search Tasks ◽  
Curved Displays

Objective The aim of this study is to examine the interactive effects of display curvature radius and display size on visual search accuracy, visual search speed, and visual fatigue. Background Although the advantages of curved displays have been reported, little is known about the interactive effects of display curvature radius and size. Method Twenty-seven individuals performed visual search tasks at a viewing distance of 50 cm using eight configurations involving four display curvature radii (400R, 600R, 1200R, and flat) and two display sizes (33″ and 50″). To simulate curved screens, five flat display panels were horizontally arranged with their centers concentrically repositioned following each display curvature radius. Results For accuracy, speed, and fatigue, 33″–600R and 50″–600R provided the best or comparable-to-best results, whereas 50″–flat provided the worst results. For accuracy and fatigue, 33″–flat was the second worst. The changes in the horizontal field of view and viewing angle due to display curvature as well as the association between effective display curvature radii and empirical horopter (loci of perceived equidistance) can explain these results. Conclusion The interactive effects of display curvature radius and size were evident for visual search performance and fatigue. Beneficial effects of curved displays were maintained across 33″ and 50″, whereas increasing flat display size from 33″ to 50″ was detrimental. Application For visual search tasks at a viewing distance of 50 cm, 33″–600R and 50″ 600R displays are recommended, as opposed to 33″ and 50″ flat displays. Wide flat displays must be carefully considered for visual display terminal tasks.

A Search for Search Asymmetry in Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes)

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1287-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Tomonaga
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Display Size ◽  
Response Times ◽  
The Other ◽  
Search Asymmetry ◽  
Search Tasks ◽  
Other Hand

Two chimpanzees and two humans were trained on visual search tasks with several sets of geometric forms composed of 1 and 2 elements (graphemes). When the double-grapheme item was the target and single grapheme item was the distractor, both chimpanzees and humans searched the target quickly irrespective of the display size. On the other hand, when the single-grapheme item was the target and double-grapheme item was the distractor, they showed an increase in response times as a function of the display size on some sets of stimuli. These results were considered as evidence for search asymmetry by chimpanzees.

scholarly journals Towards Interactive Search: Investigating Visual Search in a Novel Real-World Paradigm

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Marian Sauter ◽  
Maximilian Stefani ◽  
Wolfgang Mack
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Real World ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
Natural Scenes ◽  
The Real ◽  
Interactive Search ◽  
Search Processes ◽  
Interactive Nature ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Static Pictures

An overwhelming majority of studies on visual search and selective attention were conducted using computer screens. There are arguably shortcomings in transferring knowledge from computer-based studies to real-world search behavior as findings are based on viewing static pictures on computer screens. This does not go well with the dynamic and interactive nature of vision in the real world. It is crucial to take visual search research to the real world in order to study everyday visual search processes. The aim of the present study was to develop an interactive search paradigm that can serve as a “bridge” between classical computerized search and everyday interactive search. We based our search paradigm on simple LEGO® bricks arranged on tabletop trays to ensure comparability with classical computerized visual search studies while providing room for easily increasing the complexity of the search environment. We found that targets were grasped slower when there were more distractors (Experiment 1) and there were sizable differences between various search conditions (Experiment 2), largely in line with classical visual search research and revealing similarities to research in natural scenes. Therefore, our paradigm can be seen as a valuable asset complementing visual search research in an environment between computerized search and everyday search.

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