A Dissociation between Reaction Time to Sinusoidal Gratings and Temporal-Order Judgment

Perception ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Tappe ◽  
Michael Niepel ◽  
Odmar Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Comparison Stimulus ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Visual Latency ◽  
Sinusoidal Gratings ◽  
Sharp Edges

The effect of the spatial frequency (SF) of visual gratings on reaction time (RT) and temporal-order judgment (TOJ) was examined in three experiments. In experiment 1 the visual stimuli were vertical sinusoidal gratings with SFs between 2 and 8 cycles deg−1 and the comparison stimulus in the TOJ task was a 2300 Hz tone. Whereas SF had a highly significant effect on RT, it left TOJ completely unaffected. To test whether this dissociation was due to the sharp (high SF) horizontal edges of the gratings, a second experiment was carried out with circular stimuli with no sharp edges. These stimuli did produce an effect of SF on TOJ, but it was significantly smaller than was the effect on RT. In experiment 3 we confirmed that this difference was not due to differences in grating orientation between the first two experiments. These findings (a) solve discrepancies between findings reported in the literature and (b) strongly suggest that RT and TOJ cannot be regarded as converging operations for determining ‘visual latency’. This dissociation can best be accounted for by assuming that the output of early stimulus analysis can feed directly into the motor system (direct parameter specification), whereas the conscious representation that is used for TOJ is based on later integrative processes.

Temporal-Order Judgment and Reaction Time to Stimuli of Different Rise Times

Perception ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Jaśkowski
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Point Of Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
The Subject

Point of subjective simultaneity and simple reaction time were compared for stimuli with different rise times. It was found that these measures behave differently. To explain the result it is suggested that in the case of temporal-order judgment the subject takes into account not only the stimulus onset but also other events connected with stimulus presentation.

Atypical Effects of Visual Interference on Tactile Temporal Order Judgment in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Makoto Wada ◽  
Hanako Ikeda ◽  
Shinichiro Kumagaya
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Multisensory Processing ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Rubber Hand ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Visual Interference ◽  
Tactile Temporal Order Judgment

Abstract Visual distractors interfere with tactile temporal order judgment (TOJ) at moderately short stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) in typically developing participants. Presentation of a rubber hand in a forward direction to the participant’s hand enhances this effect, while that in an inverted direction weakens the effect. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have atypical multisensory processing; however, effects of interferences on atypical multisensory processing in ASD remain unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of visual interference on tactile TOJ in individuals with ASD. Two successive tactile stimuli were delivered to the index and ring fingers of a participant’s right hand in an opaque box. A rubber hand was placed on the box in a forward or inverted direction. Concurrently, visual stimuli provided by light-emitting diodes on the fingers of the rubber hand were delivered in a congruent or incongruent order. Participants were required to judge the temporal order of the tactile stimuli regardless of visual distractors. In the absence of a visual stimulus, participants with ASD tended to judge the simultaneous stimuli as the ring finger being stimulated first during tactile TOJ compared with typically developing (TD) controls, and congruent visual stimuli eliminated the bias. When incongruent visual stimuli were delivered, judgment was notably reversed in participants with ASD, regardless of the direction of the rubber hand. The findings demonstrate that there are considerable effects of visual interferences on tactile TOJ in individuals with ASD.

Visual Stimuli for Strabismic Suppression

Perception ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifton M Schor
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Sensory Fusion ◽  
Sinusoidal Gratings

The effects of orientation and spatial frequency of grating stimuli upon suppression were examined with a binocular rivalry paradigm in a group of ten strabismic patients and in a control normal group. Duration, frequency, and period of rivalry were examined as functions of differences in orientation and spatial frequency of dichoptic achromatic sinusoidal gratings. Records were made of responses by the sighting and by the nonsighting eye as well as responses during periods of combined binocular vision. Strabismic subjects reported normal binocular rivalry when presented with gratings of dissimilar orientation. Suppression of the deviating eye in strabismic subjects occurred with stimuli of similar orientation and was unaffected by spatial-frequency differences between dichoptic stimuli. Suppression was most intense under conditions that normally stimulate stereopsis and sensory fusion.

Perceived Onset Simultaneity of Stimuli with Unequal Durations

Perception ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Jaśkowski
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Constant Stimulus ◽  
Point Of Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Stimulus Offset ◽  
Method Of Adjustment

Temporal-order judgment was investigated for a pair of visual stimuli with different durations in order to check whether offset asynchrony can disturb the perception of the order/simultaneity of onset. In experiment 1 the point of subjective simultaneity was estimated by the method of adjustment. The difference in duration of the two stimuli in the pair was either 0 or 50 ms. It was found that the subject shifts the onset of the shorter stimulus towards the offset of the longer one to obtain a satisfying impression of simultaneity even though the subject was asked to ignore the events concerning the stimulus offset. In experiments 2 and 3 the method of constant stimulus was applied. Both experiments indicate that subjects, in spite of instruction, take into account the offset asynchrony in their judgment.

Temporal Order Judgment and Reaction Time

Science ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 165 (3891) ◽  
pp. 413-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gibbon ◽  
R. Rutschmann
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment

Temporal order judgment characteristics at the offset of auditory-visual stimuli

2012 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 3536-3536
Author(s):  
Junji Yoshida ◽  
Kouhei Ueda ◽  
Hiroshi Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Visual Stimuli
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