Mirror Image Reversal: Is what we See what we Present?

Perception ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 869-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reg C Morris
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Object Image ◽  
Physical Explanation ◽  
Image Match ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Image Reversal

Many psychological explanations have been advanced to explain left—right reversal in mirror images, but Gregory and Haig have each proposed a physical explanation for the reversal: the first is based upon the physical rotation used to present the surface of the object to the mirror, and the second on the classical optics of reflection. These physical explanations are considered together with an explanation based on object symmetry. The apparent reversal of directional coordinates (eg left and right) that occurs in the mirror images of most objects is distinguished from reversals achieved by physical or mental rotation. It is also distinguished from the object—image match that can be achieved by mental or physical rotation of some symmetrical objects. It is concluded that the left—right reversal is not specifically optical, but is determined by multiple factors, including object symmetry, the conventional and gravitational positioning of top and bottom and back and front, and our greater familiarity with right—left than with top—bottom or back—front reversals.

scholarly journals Situational Awareness: The Effect of Stimulus Type and Hearing Protection on Sound Localization

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7044
Author(s):  
Leah Fostick ◽  
Nir Fink
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Hearing Protection ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Protection Devices ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Image Reversal ◽  
Reversal Errors

 The purpose of the current study was to test sound localization of a spoken word, rarely studied in the context of localization, compared to pink noise and a gunshot, while taking into account the source position and the effect of different hearing protection devices (HPDs) used by the listener. Ninety participants were divided into three groups using different HPDs. Participants were tested twice, under with- and no-HPD conditions, and were requested to localize the different stimuli that were delivered from one of eight speakers evenly distributed around them (starting from 22.5°). Localization of the word stimulus was more difficult than that of the other stimuli. HPD usage resulted in a larger mean root-mean-square error (RMSE) and increased mirror image reversal errors for all stimuli. In addition, HPD usage increased the mean RMSE and mirror image reversal errors for stimuli delivered from the front and back, more than for stimuli delivered from the left and right. HPDs affect localization, both due to attenuation and to limitation of pinnae cues when using earmuffs. Difficulty localizing the spoken word should be considered when assessing auditory functionality and should be further investigated to include HPDs with different attenuation spectra and levels, and to further types of speech stimuli. 

Criterion for Controlling the Stress-Strain State of Composite Dielectric Materials Using the Effective Filtration Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 781 ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Vladimir Surzhikov ◽  
Pavel Fedotov
Keyword(s):  
Strain State ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Electromagnetic Response ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Coherent Signal ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Stress Strain State ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Sand Filler

The paper presents a brief description of a process of an electromagnetic response generation from dielectric composite materials when they are subjected to an acoustic impulses, a recording method by capacitive receivers and criteria for controlling the stress-strain state (SSS) for this method. Also there are the results of studies of the applicability of the effective filtration method for the control of similar products from epoxy resin with sand filler. The formation of a response with a pronounced maximum and an excitation pulse symmetric with respect to the end time is determined when a coherent signal is input to the input of the system, which is a mirror image of the impulse response. The correlation coefficient between the left and right parts of the response was chosen as a criterion for controlling the SSS.

Mirror-Image Reversal in Pigeons

Science ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 149 (3691) ◽  
pp. 1518-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Cumming ◽  
I. M. Siegel ◽  
D. F. Johnson ◽  
N. K. Mello
Keyword(s):  
Mirror Image ◽  
Image Reversal

Orientation and Position Effects of Mirror-Image Reversal Discrimination of Triangles by Young Children

1972 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Cronin
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Upright Position ◽  
Horizontal Line ◽  
Position Effects ◽  
Reversal Discrimination ◽  
Image Reversal

The effects of orientation, obliqueness and position in a triad on mirror-image reversal discrimination by 5- and 6-yr.-old Ss were assessed. Discrimination was facilitated when the triangles were in an upright position, e.g., the horizontal line was at the bottom of the figure. Within a triad of triangles position had a significant effect. The reversed triangle was more distinct when the two identical triangles were beside each other. Obliqueness did not influence mirror-image reversal discrimination.

scholarly journals Specificities of transplantation of kidneys procured from donors with situs inversus totalis: A case report and review of the literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Petrovic ◽  
Violeta Rabrenovic ◽  
Dusica Stamenkovic ◽  
Neven Vavic ◽  
Zoran Kovacevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Situs Inversus ◽  
Iliac Fossa ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Situs Inversus Totalis ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Image Reversal ◽  
The Right

Introduction. Situs inversus totalis (SIT) represents a total vertical transposition of the thoracic and abdominal organs which are arranged in a mirror image reversal of the normal positioning 1. We presented a successful pre-dialysis kidney transplantation from a living sibling donor with SIT and the longest donor follow-up period, along with analysis of the reviewed literature. Case report. The pair for pre-dialysis kidney transplantation included a 68-year-old mother and 34-year-old daughter at low immunological risk. Comorbidities evidenced in kidney donors with previously diagnosed SIT, included moderate arterial hypertension and borderline blood glucose level. Explantation of the left donor kidney and its placement into the right iliac fossa of the recipient were performed in the course of the surgical procedure. A month after nephrectomy, second degree renal failure was noticed in the donor. A 20-month follow-up of the donor?s kidney and graft in the recipient proved that their functions were excellent. Conclusion. In donors with previously diagnosed SIT the multidisciplinary approach, preoperative evaluation of the patient and detection of possible vascular anomalies are required to provide maximum safety for the donor.

scholarly journals A case of renal cell carcinoma in a patient with situs inversus: Operative considerations and a review of the literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Oake ◽  
Darrel Drachenberg
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Situs Inversus ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Left Renal Vein ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Tumour Thrombus ◽  
Image Reversal

Situs inversus, an uncommon mirror-image reversal of the major visceral and thoracic organs, is seldom of medical significance. However, the recognition of their unique anatomy is extremely important for those requiring surgical intervention. There are very few reported cases of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) developing in people with situs inversus. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in Canada. A review of the literature only identified nine published cases worldwide. Here, we review and summarize pertinent information, including patient age and sex, size and location of tumour, method of surgery, and pathology. Our case, a 65-yearold male, presented with left flank pain and gross hematuria. He was diagnosed with left renal cancer as well as tumour thrombus extending into the left renal veins and inferior vena cava (IVC), clinical T3aN0M0. An abdomen and pelvis computed tomography (CT) scan showed a left-to-right reversal of his organs, a mirrorimage, and situs inversus was diagnosed. A left radical nephrectomy with left renal vein and IVC tumour thrombectomy through a left open midline incision was performed.

Synchronization Error in Bilateral Simultaneous Flexion of Elbows

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nakamura ◽  
R. Taniguchi ◽  
Y. Oshima
Keyword(s):  
Warning Signal ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Sound Stimulus ◽  
Synchronization Error ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Synchronization Errors ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

Using 7 left- and 7 right-handed subjects, the difference in time between left and right arms in the initiation of bilateral simultaneous flexion of elbows (synchronization error) was measured under three conditions: response to a sound stimulus with a warning signal, response to a sound stimulus without a warning signal, and self-initiated trial (option). The absolute value of synchronization errors depended upon experimental conditions. In conditions ‘with warning’ and ‘option’ the dominance shown in performance of left-handed subjects was the mirror-image of that shown by the right-handed subjects. The right biceps muscle responded faster in left-handed subjects and vice versa. Right-handed subjects showed rather a constant value in their dispersion of synchronization errors.

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