Toward a Computational Model of Constraint-Driven Exploration and Haptic Object Identification

Perception ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta L Klatzky ◽  
Susan J Lederman
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Incidental Learning ◽  
Object Identification ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Haptic Exploration ◽  
Object Properties ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Haptic Object ◽  
Exploratory Procedures ◽  
Selection Of

A conceptual model of the human haptic system in relation to object identification is presented. The model encompasses major architectural elements including representations of haptically accessible object properties and exploratory procedures (EPs)—dedicated movement patterns that are specialized to extract particular properties. These architectural units are related in processing-specific ways. Properties are associated with exploratory procedures in keeping with the extent to which a given procedure delivers information about a given property. The EPs are associated with one another in keeping with their compatibility, as determined by parameters of motor execution and interactions with the object and the workspace. The resulting architecture is treated as a system of constraints which guide the exploration of an object during the course of identification. The selection of the next step in a sequence of exploration requires that constraints be optimally satisfied. A network approach to constraint satisfaction is implemented and shown to account for a number of previous empirical results concerning the time course of exploration, object classification speed, and incidental learning about object properties. This system has potential applications for robotic haptic exploration.

Eight-year-olds Use of Exploratory Procedures in a Haptic Object Identification Task

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia O'dell ◽  
Carrie Brouillette ◽  
Delmon Emory ◽  
Naomi Harsy ◽  
Shannon Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Identification ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Haptic Object ◽  
Exploratory Procedures

scholarly journals Using a robotic teleoperation system for haptic exploration

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205566832096930
Author(s):  
Lina M Becerra Puyo ◽  
Heather M Capel ◽  
Shanon K Phelan ◽  
Sandra A Wiebe ◽  
Kim D Adams
Keyword(s):  
Haptic Feedback ◽  
Robotic System ◽  
Opportunities To Learn ◽  
Physical Impairments ◽  
Haptic Exploration ◽  
Object Properties ◽  
Manual Exploration ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Exploratory Procedure ◽  
Exploratory Procedures

Introduction When children with physical impairments cannot perform hand movements for haptic exploration, they miss opportunities to learn about object properties. Robotics systems with haptic feedback may better enable object exploration. Methods Twenty-four adults and ten children without physical impairments, and one adult with physical impairments, explored tools to mix substances or transport different sized objects. All participants completed the tasks with both a robotic system and manual exploration. Exploratory procedures used to determine object properties were also observed. Results Adults and children accurately identified appropriate tools for each task using manual exploration, but they were less accurate using the robotic system. The adult with physical impairment identified appropriate tools for transport in both conditions, however had difficulty identifying tools used for mixing substances. A new exploratory procedure was observed, Tapping, when using the robotic system. Conclusions Adults and children could make judgements on tool utility for tasks using both manual exploration and the robotic system, however they experienced limitations in the robotics system that require more study. The adult with disabilities required less assistance to explore tools when using the robotic system. The robotic system may be a feasible way for individuals with physical disabilities to perform haptic exploration.

Restricted Access: Exploratory Procedures and Object Properties

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sile O’Modhrain
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Haptic Interface ◽  
Sorting Task ◽  
Restricted Access ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Object Properties ◽  
Manual Exploration ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Exploratory Procedures ◽  
Interface Designs

Abstract In this paper, we present the results of a pilot study that examines whether restricting how people can explore objects haptically effects the object attributes they notice and the efficiency with which they can perform a simple sorting task. 25 observers were each randomly assigned to one of five exploration conditions: two hands (the control), one hand, thumb/forefinger, one finger, or probe. All observers performed a series of two-bin sorts. Stimuli were eight multi-propertied cubes which could be divided into two equal bins according to three properties: size, texture, and compliance. Preliminary results indicate that the restrictions on manual exploration we imposed affected both the exploratory procedures observers chose to use and the efficiency with which they could perform the task. Haptic interface designs inevitably restrict the exploratory procedures available to the user. This study attempts to determine the cost of these restrictions on the efficiency with which a user can explore multi-propertied objects in a virtual or telepresence environment.

scholarly journals Methods and applications for visualization of SNOMED CT concept sets

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 127-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sundvall ◽  
K.R. Gøeg ◽  
A.R. Højen
Keyword(s):  
Content Management ◽  
Graph Layout ◽  
Snomed Ct ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Hierarchical Relations ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
And Training ◽  
Selection Of

SummaryInconsistent use of SNOMED CT concepts may reduce comparability of information in health information systems. Terminology implementation should be approached by common strategies for navigating and selecting proper concepts. This study aims to explore ways of illustrating common pathways and ancestors of particular sets of concepts, to support consistent use of SNOMED CT and also assess potential applications for such visualizations.The open source prototype presented is an interactive web-based re-implementation of the terminology visualization tool TermViz that provides an overview of concepts and their hierarchical relations. It provides terminological features such as interactively rearranging graphs, fetching more concept nodes, highlighting least common parents and shared pathways in merged graphs etc.Four teams of three to four people used the prototype to complete a terminology mapping task and then, in focus group interviews, discussed the user experience and potential future tool usage. Potential purposes discussed included SNOMED CT search and training, consistent selection of concepts and content management.The evaluation indicated that the tool may be useful in many contexts especially if integrated with existing systems, and that the graph layout needs further tuning and development.Citation: Højen AR, Sundvall E, Gøeg KR. Methods and applications for visualization of SNOMED CT concept sets. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 127–152http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2013-09-RA-0071

Room-Temperature Ceramic Nanocoating Using Nanosheet Deposition Technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (CICMT) ◽  
pp. 000014-000018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Osada ◽  
T. Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Langmuir Blodgett ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Layer Assembly ◽  
Selection Of

We present a novel procedure for ceramic nanocoating using oxide nanosheet as a building block. A variety of oxide nanosheets (such as Ti1−δO2, MnO2 and perovsites) were synthesized by delaminating appropriate layered precursors into their molecular single sheets. These nanosheets are exceptionally rich in both structural diversity and electronic properties, with potential applications including conductors, semiconductors, insulators, and ferromagnets. Another attractive aspect is that nanosheets can be organized into various nanoarchitectures by applying solution-based synthetic techniques involving electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly and Langmuir-Blodgett deposition. It is even possible to tailor superlattice assemblies, incorporating into the nanosheet galleries with a wide range of materials such as organic molecules, polymers, and inorganic/metal nanoparticles. Sophisticated functionalities or paper-like devices can be designed through the selection of nanosheets and combining materials, and precise control over their arrangement at the molecular scale.

scholarly journals Raising Beet Tolerance to Salinity through Bioaugmentation with Halotolerant Endophytes

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1571
Author(s):  
Sonia Szymańska ◽  
Jarosław Tyburski ◽  
Agnieszka Piernik ◽  
Marcin Sikora ◽  
Justyna Mazur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Pseudomonas Stutzeri ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Salicornia Europaea ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
New Host ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Selection Of

Increasing land salinization in recent decades has led to a decrease in crop productivity worldwide. We hypothesized that bioaugmentation of beetroot (Beta vulgaris) with halotolerant endophytic bacterial strains isolated from the obligatory halophytic plant Salicornia europaea L. may mitigate salt stress in new host plants. Therefore, we investigated the effects of inoculation with Pseudomonas stutzeri ISE12 or Kushneria marisflavi CSE9 on B. vulgaris growth in substrates enriched with various NaCl concentrations (0, 50, 150, 300 mM). The results of this study indicated that bioaugmentation with either bacteria resulted in improved growth parameters and increased chlorophyll content, as well as decreased proline and hydrogen peroxide concentrations, in B. vulgaris organs. However, K. marisflavi CSE9 was more efficient in achieving salt stress mitigation than P. stutzeri ISE12. In conclusion, the range of salinity tolerance seems to be a key parameter in the selection of strains for beet inoculation. The selected halotolerant endophytes (P. stutzeri ISE12 and K. marisflavi CSE9) isolated from the roots of obligatory halophytic S. europaea may be employed for plant growth promotion, especially in saline areas, and have potential applications in sustainable agriculture.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Neonates: Problems and Issues

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gal
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Plasma Drug ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Intensive Care Nursery ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Selection Of

Therapeutic drug monitoring has been applied in several patient populations to promote safer, more effective use of drugs. The development of therapeutic ranges allows clinicians to aim for a plasma drug concentration that is usually safe and effective, and calculation of specific pharmacokinetic parameters allows selection of doses that will achieve the desired plasma concentration. This concept certainly holds true in the intensive care nursery; however, the intensity of monitoring in this setting provides opportunities for far broader application of the information obtained from drug concentration monitoring. This review provides an overview of the complexity of and potential applications for therapeutic drug monitoring in neonates based on literature and clinical experience.

scholarly journals Effect of uncertainty on the time course for selection of verbal name codes

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1437-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Berryhill ◽  
K. Kveraga ◽  
L. Webb ◽  
H. C. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Selection Of

Advanced neuroimaging in acute ischemic stroke: extending the time window for treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. E5 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jesus Duffis ◽  
Zaid Al-Qudah ◽  
Charles J. Prestigiacomo ◽  
Chirag Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Perfusion Imaging ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Thrombolytic Treatment ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Selection Of Patients ◽  
Selection Of

Early treatment of ischemic stroke with thrombolytics is associated with improved outcomes, but few stroke patients receive thrombolytic treatment in part due to the 3-hour time window. Advances in neuroimaging may help to aid in the selection of patients who may still benefit from thrombolytic treatment beyond conventional time-based guidelines. In this article the authors review the available literature in support of using advanced neuroimaging to select patients for treatment beyond the 3-hour time window cutoff and explore potential applications and limitations of perfusion imaging in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

Shape changing and self-reconfiguring robots

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Modular Robots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Era ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
True Shape ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Practical Reality ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose – This article aims to provide details of recent developments in robots that can change shape and self-reconfigure. Design/methodology/approach – Following an introduction, this article first describes some recent developments in shape-changing materials and then considers a selection of shape-changing robots. It then discusses self-reconfiguring robots and describes a unique self-unfolding robot. Finally, concluding comments are drawn. Findings – This article shows that research into true shape-changing robots is still at an early stage and several very different strategies are being studied. Novel materials are expected to play a key role in many designs and potential applications include search and rescue, health care and surveillance. Self-reconfiguring modular robots are at a more advanced stage and while many can reconfigure to adopt varying shapes and gaits, the ability to accomplish differing tasks in manufacturing is still some way in the future. Overall, the various classes of shape-changing robots being studied represent a move towards a new era in robotic capabilities, but despite many recent technological advances, considerable further work is required before these become a practical reality. Originality/value – This article provides an insight into recent technological advances in shape-changing and self-reconfiguring robots.

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