scholarly journals The Effects of Railway Investments in a Polycentric City: A Comparison of Competitive and Segmented Land Markets

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 2048-2067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghebreegziabiher Debrezion ◽  
Eric Pels ◽  
Piet Rietveld
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
The Other ◽  
City Size ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Land Markets ◽  
Fast Mode ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Land Prices ◽  
Land Rents ◽  
Mode Of Transport

The paper analyzes the effect of railway investment on land prices and land use in a polycentric city under various regulatory regimes of land markets. The introduction of a fast mode of transport (train), accessible in discrete locations, leads to an increase in city size. The stations of the fast mode induce dense residential settlements in their vicinity. As a result, the average residential and commercial land rents increase in both competitive and segmented land-market situations, compared with the unimodal transport case. When rail investments serve only one particular centre, this leads to the growth of the advantaged centre at the expense of the other centre. An investment in the fast mode results in city growth and an increase in rent receipts. However, the effect of the investment for individual centres and their corresponding residential areas depends on the underlying land-market conditions. Restrictions on commercial land use lead to increases in commercial rents, but this is more than offset by the decrease in residential land rents.

scholarly journals Relationship between City Size, Coastal Land Use, and Summer Daytime Air Temperature Rise with Distance from Coast

Climate ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Hideki Takebayashi ◽  
Takahiro Tanaka ◽  
Masakazu Moriyama ◽  
Hironori Watanabe ◽  
Hiroshi Miyazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
The Other ◽  
City Size ◽  
Coastal Land Use ◽  
German Cities ◽  
Coastal Land

The relationship between city size, coastal land use, and air temperature rise with distance from coast during summer day is analyzed using the meso-scale weather research and forecasting (WRF) model in five coastal cities in Japan with different sizes and coastal land use (Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya, Hiroshima, and Sendai) and inland cities in Germany (Berlin, Essen, and Karlsruhe). Air temperature increased as distance from the coast increased, reached its maximum, and then decreased slightly. In Nagoya and Sendai, the amount of urban land use in coastal areas is less than the other three cities, where air temperature is a little lower. As a result, air temperature difference between coastal and inland urban area is small and the curve of air temperature rise is smaller than those in Tokyo and Osaka. In Sendai, air temperature in the inland urban area is the same as in the other cities, but air temperature in the coastal urban area is a little lower than the other cities, due to an approximate one degree lower sea surface temperature being influenced by the latitude. In three German cities, the urban boundary layer may not develop sufficiently because the fetch distance is not enough.

scholarly journals CLASSIFICATION OF LITHUANIAN TOWNS AND DEFINITION OF THEIR FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE USED FOR URBAN PLANNING PURPOSES

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
Zigmas Jonas Daunora
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Functional Structure ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Ecological Requirements

Comprehensive planning of towns and townships takes a wider scale in the country. Therefore, there appears an urgent need to revise or review some conceptions of planning methodology that should be accepted after various alternatives consideration. According to our opinion: a) classification of centres of a settlement system (towns and townships) requires self-determination and equal understanding which, from one side, should reflect more precisely the existing diversity of development between the centres and their functions and, from the other side, the rank granted to these centres should meet the EU criteria; b) the functional structure of towns and townships, reflected by diversity in the purpose of their territory use and its indefinite character during the process of residential area modernization which takes place under market conditions, forces to give upa detailed setting of plot purpose and look for a more universal model of land- use purpose specification which could be applicable not only for planning of rural agricultural territories but for urban planning of residential areas as well. Proposals presented in the paper (Tables 1 and 2) respect the systematic conception of settlement network, accepted in Lithuania and in the other EU countries and based on the hierarchy of elements and development dependency allowing application of sustainability and balance principles for the system element development. They are prepared taking into account new urban planning conceptions and reflecting the following factors: changing business and production conditions as well as growing qualitative safety, service and ecological requirements for a residential environment; increasing importance of economic factors and resulting need for a more rational land use and broader urban internal integration when developing public transportation and urban system for a common space use; respect to stable urban structural elements of residential areas (urban framework) as well as to local cultural identity and historically formed compositional peculiarities; advantages of the functional and social diversity and polycentric character of urban structures.

scholarly journals Measuring liquidity in agricultural land markets

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Kionka ◽  
Martin Odening ◽  
Jana Plogmann ◽  
Matthias Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Market Liquidity ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Land Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Land Prices ◽  
Panel Vector Autoregression

PurposeLiquidity is an important aspect of market efficiency. The purpose of this paper is threefold: first, this paper aims to discuss indicators that provide information about liquidity in agricultural land markets. Second, this paper aims to reflect on determinants of market liquidity and analyze the relationship with land prices. Third, this paper aims to conduct an empirical analysis for Germany that illustrates these concepts and allows hypothesis testing.Design/methodology/approachThis study reviews liquidity dimensions and measurement in financial markets and derives indicators applicable to farmland markets. In an empirical analysis, this study exhibits the spatial and temporal variability of land market liquidity in Lower Saxony, a German federal state with the highest agricultural production value. This study uses a rich dataset that includes 72,547 sale transactions of arable land between 1990 and 2018. The research focuses on volume-based (number of transactions, volume and turnover) and time-based (trading frequency and durations) measures. A panel vector autoregression and Granger causality tests are applied to investigate the relation between land turnover and land prices.FindingsThe paper confirms the thinness of farmland markets but also reveals regional and temporal heterogeneity of land market liquidity. This study finds that the relation between market liquidity and prices is ambiguous. This study concludes that a high demand from expanding farms absorbs supply shocks regardless of the current price level in agricultural land markets.Originality/valueEven though the relevance of agricultural land markets’ thinness is widely acknowledged in the literature, this paper is one of the first attempts to measure liquidity in agricultural land markets and to explain its relationship with land prices.

scholarly journals Overview of the Rural Agrarian Landscapes and Evolution of Their Types in Lithuania

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Jolanta Valčiukienė ◽  
Virginija Atkocevičienė ◽  
Daiva Juknelienė
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
Factors Influencing

The forms and types of residential areas are conditioned by historical and socio-economic conditions of the country. Development of industrial relations have evolved and accommodation system in rural areas. Tenure and land-use changes played the most important role in the development of rural land. Modern rural residential areas formed under the influence of certain particularities characteristic to one or the other region of the country. The article analyzes five major periods of landscape development, land reform factors which had influence on residential areas formation, as well as the problem of decay of residential areas and the factors influencing the development of existing settlements.

scholarly journals Relationship between City Size, Coastal Land Use and Summer Daytime Air Temperature Rise with Distance from Coast

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Takebayashi ◽  
Takahiro Tanaka ◽  
Masakazu Moriyama ◽  
Hironori Watanabe ◽  
Hiroshi Miyazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
The Other ◽  
City Size ◽  
Coastal Land Use ◽  
German Cities ◽  
Coastal Land

The relationship between city size, coastal land use and air temperature rise with distance from coast during summer day is analyzed using the meso-scale Weather Research & Forecasting (WRF) model in five coastal cities in Japan with different sizes and coastal land use (Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya, Hiroshima and Sendai) and inland cities in Germany (Berlin, Essen and Karlsruhe). Air temperature increased as distance from the coast increased, reached its maximum, and then decreased slightly. In Nagoya and Sendai, the number of urban land use in coastal areas is less than the other three cities, where air temperature is a little lower. As a result, air temperature difference between coastal and inland urban area is small and the curve of air temperature rise is smaller than those in Tokyo and Osaka. In Sendai, air temperature in the inland urban area is the same as in the other cities, but air temperature in the coastal urban area is a little lower than the other cities, due to about one degree lower sea surface temperature influenced by the latitude. In three German cities, the urban boundary layer may not develop sufficiently because the fetch distance is not enough.

scholarly journals Land and Stock Prices in Japan

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Stone ◽  
William T Ziemba
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
The Other ◽  
Land Markets ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Land Prices ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dramatic Decline

This paper discusses the rise of Japanese stock and land prices in the past four decades and their dramatic decline in the early 1990s. To what extent can fundamental factors explain both the price levels and the returns from land and stock in Japan? Are land prices driving stock prices, or the other way around, or are still other factors affecting both? How has government policy interacted with the price changes? In practice, it is very difficult to solve the problem of separating the explanation that a bubble occurred from the possibility that the underlying fundamental problem is misspecified. We believe that the bulk of the rise in Japanese asset prices from 1985–89 and the decline during 1990–92 was driven by interest rate and credit market conditions. However, in certain speculative land markets, there is some evidence in support of the bubble hypothesis.

The Bid—Choice Land-Use Model: An Integrated Economic Framework

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 871-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
F J Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Microeconomic Theory ◽  
Land Markets ◽  
Random Utility Theory ◽  
Land Prices ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Land Use Model ◽  
Rent Theory ◽  
Speculative Demand

Alonso's bid-rent theory and the discrete-choice random-utility theory appear in the literature as well-established alternative frameworks to model urban land use. As both approaches share the support of microeconomic theory, the main issue addressed in this paper is the theoretical comparison of the two approaches. It is demonstrated that in perfectly competitive land markets these approaches are equivalent, therefore they should be understood as complementary rather than alternative. The case of markets subject to speculative land prices is then explored for the cases of speculative supply and/or speculative demand, with the discovery that both approaches are theoretically equivalent in every case studied, thus extending the previous conclusion for the general case. These conclusions provide the base for an integrated and more comprehensive urban economic theory and for the bid-choice land-use model.

Interrelationships between municipal spatial policy strategy and airport operation and development. Lodz Airport case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Nikorowicz-Zatorska
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Spatial Management ◽  
The One ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Abstract The present paper focuses on spatial management regulations in order to carry out investment in the field of airport facilities. The construction, upgrades, and maintenance of airports falls within the area of responsibility of local authorities. This task poses a great challenge in terms of organisation and finances. On the one hand, an active airport is a municipal landmark and drives local economic, social and cultural development, and on the other, the scale of investment often exceeds the capabilities of local authorities. The immediate environment of the airport determines its final use and prosperity. The objective of the paper is to review legislation that affects airports and the surrounding communities. The process of urban planning in Lodz and surrounding areas will be presented as a background to the problem of land use management in the vicinity of the airport. This paper seeks to address the following questions: if and how airports have affected urban planning in Lodz, does the land use around the airport prevent the development of Lodz Airport, and how has the situation changed over the time? It can be assumed that as a result of lack of experience, land resources and size of investments on one hand and legislative dissonance and peculiar practices on the other, aviation infrastructure in Lodz is designed to meet temporary needs and is characterised by achieving short-term goals. Cyclical problems are solved in an intermittent manner and involve all the municipal resources, so there’s little left to secure long-term investments.

Urban Land Rent and Real Estate Markets in the Process of Social Restructuring: The Case of Germany

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Krätke
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Land Markets ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
Land Rents ◽  
Societal Changes ◽  
Social Restructuring ◽  
Urban Land Markets

In this paper the urban real estate market is dealt with in the context of broad societal changes. Particular restructuring processes, such as the social and economic polarization between urban regions and the uncoupling of the spheres of production and financial investments, are leading to a rehierarchization of urban land markets and significant changes in the formation of urban land rents. The restructuring of urban land markets is demonstrated with empirical data on cities in West Germany. Against this background the author pleads for a partial reformulation of urban rent theory.

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