The Transnational Corporate Networks of Breakfast Cereals in Asia

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 789-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Economic Geography ◽  
Spatial Behaviour ◽  
Breakfast Cereal ◽  
Intrafirm Trade ◽  
Manufacturing Facility ◽  
Corporate Networks ◽  
Relational Networks ◽  
The Us ◽  
Interfirm Relations ◽  
Network Approaches

Network perspectives have recently been proposed as a theoretical base for research in economic geography. However, there is an unclear relationship between the advocacy of network approaches and the development of methodological tactics to frame related empirical research. By reference to one episode of corporate spatial behaviour—the establishment of a manufacturing facility in Thailand by the US-headquartered breakfast-cereal company, Kellogg—an organising framework for network-inspired economic geography is suggested. Kellogg's entry into Thailand is analysed in terms of the construction and mobilisation of relational networks producing five overlapping geographies: (1) geographies of place; (2) geographies of intrafirm trade and relations; (3) regional geographies of accumulation; (4) geographies of interfirm relations; and (5) geographies of consumption.

scholarly journals Proyecto Promover: Attempts to Roll Out an HIV Prevention and Testing Initiative Within a Mexican Immigrant Community

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Ryerson Espino ◽  
Patricia Aguado ◽  
Monica Puente ◽  
Pamela Vergara-Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Community Intervention ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Mexican Immigrant ◽  
Immigrant Community ◽  
Hiv Education ◽  
Mixed Methods Case Study ◽  
The Us ◽  
Immigrant Enclave ◽  
Network Approaches

Abstract Latinx immigrants and men, in particular, living in the US are disproportionally impacted by HIV. Despite these concerns, there is limited research on the development, implementation, and evaluation of community-based HIV education and HIV testing interventions. The current study describes such efforts within a historic Mexican immigrant enclave in Chicago. A mixed-methods case study was used to describe intervention development, as well as preliminary evaluation data. Community intervention components were refined through early focus groups, asset mapping, community networking and consultation with cultural advisors. We exceeded our activity goals. We were successful in reaching a segment of the population that is often overlooked and remains unaware of HIV and its risks. Incorporating social network approaches could facilitate reaching at-risk community groups. Demonstration projects require more time and resources (fiscal and technical) to develop, refine, evaluate and sustain community-level intervention components.

Not Flexible Accumulation—Contradictions of Value in Contemporary Economic Geography: 1. Workplace and Interfirm Relations

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 2063-2079 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Gough
Keyword(s):  
Economic Geography ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
Subsequent Paper ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Interfirm Relations ◽  
Paper Work ◽  
Flexible Accumulation ◽  
Value Relations

In this and a subsequent paper, work by geographers that is based on the idea that we are in a period of transition to an epoch of flexible accumulation, or post-Fordism, is examined. It is argued that this thesis relies on abstracting the technical and organisational aspects of current restructuring from its value relations. An account which includes value relations shows that the phenomena said to characterise flexible accumulation are more contradictory and unstable, more varied, and more open to struggle than is supposed in work in which a new epoch is assumed. An approach based on value relations can give a richer account of current spatial-economic change. In this first paper, capital—labour relations within production, and the relations between firms are discussed.

scholarly journals Input Sourcing and Multinational Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Garetto
Keyword(s):  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Welfare Gains ◽  
Intrafirm Trade ◽  
Productivity Distribution ◽  
The Us ◽  
Multinational Production ◽  
Mean And Variance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Per Capita

I propose a general equilibrium framework where firms decide whether to outsource or integrate input manufacturing, domestically or abroad. By outsourcing, firms may benefit from suppliers' technologies, but pay mark-up prices. By sourcing intrafirm, they save on mark-ups and pay possibly lower foreign wages. Multinational corporations arise when firms integrate production abroad. The model predicts that intrafirm imports are positively correlated with the mean and variance of the firms' productivity distribution and with the degree of input differentiation. I use the model to quantify the US welfare gains from intrafirm trade, which amount to about 0.23 percent of consumption per-capita. (JEL D21, F12, F23, F41, L11, L24)

scholarly journals SCADA vs. the Hackers

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (12) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Power Grid ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cyber Attack ◽  
Industrial Control ◽  
Wireless System ◽  
Industrial Control Systems ◽  
Encrypted Data ◽  
Corporate Networks ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Us

This article focuses on United States’ power grid vulnerability to cyber attack. None of the industrial control systems used to monitor and operate the nation's utilities and factories were designed with security in mind. Moreover, their very nature makes them difficult to secure. Linking them to networks and the public Internet only makes them harder to protect. The Internet made it easy. Instead of installing expensive private telecommunications links, companies let the Internet carry SCADA messages. Encryption may prevent a remote attack on data, but also may leave utilities vulnerable to attacks over corporate networks that are often linked to facilities. Someone on the inside may be able to unscramble encrypted data. Similarly, drive-by hackers will still be able to take advantage of security flaws in a wireless system to sneak into a plant network behind any encryption device. Stronger IT policies and encryption are good first steps. But the US power grid—and the entire nation’s utility and industrial infrastructure—remain vulnerable to cyberattack from terrorists and angry employees.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Financial Network Topology for the Russian, Chinese and US Stock Markets

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
Topological Properties ◽  
Hierarchical Tree ◽  
Market Graph ◽  
Topological Network ◽  
The Us ◽  
Russian Stock Market ◽  
Network Approaches

This paper studies the properties of the Russian stock market by employing the data-driven science and network approaches. The theory of complex networks allows us to build and examine topological network structures of the market with the further identification of relationships between stocks and the analysis of hidden information and market dynamics. In this paper we will present an analysis of structural and topological properties of the Russian stock market using market graph, hierarchical tree, minimum spanning tree approaches. We compare topological properties of the networks constructed for the US and China stock markets with the properties of corresponding networks constructed for the Russian stock market using a dataset spanning over eight years.

Ready-to-Eat Breakfast Cereal Consumption Enhances Milk and Calcium Intake in the US Population

2006 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1783-1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won O. Song ◽  
Ock Kyoung Chun ◽  
Jean Kerver ◽  
Susan Cho ◽  
Chin Eun Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Breakfast Cereal ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Music Scenes to Music Clusters: The Economic Geography of Music in the US, 1970–2000

10.1068/a4253 ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 785-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Florida ◽  
Charlotta Mellander ◽  
Kevin Stolarick
Keyword(s):  
Economic Geography ◽  
Music Scenes ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals A Local Structure Graph Model: Modeling Formation of Network Edges as a Function of Other Edges

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V. Chyzh ◽  
Mark S. Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Local Structure ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Monte Carlo Experiment ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Senate ◽  
Cascade Effects ◽  
Network Approaches ◽  
Reaction Processes ◽  
Structure Graph

Localized network processes are central to the study of political science, whether in the formation of political coalitions and voting blocs, balancing and bandwagoning, policy learning, imitation, diffusion, tipping-point dynamics, or cascade effects. These types of processes are not easily modeled using traditional network approaches, which focus on global rather than local structures within networks. We show that localized network processes, in which network edges form in response to the formation of other edges, are best modeled by shifting from the traditional theoretical framework of nodes-as-actors to what we term a nodes-as-actions framework, which allows for zeroing in on relationships among network connections. We show that the proposed theoretical framework is statistically compatible with a local structure graph model (LSGM). We demonstrate the properties of LSGMs using a Monte Carlo experiment and explore action–reaction processes in two empirical applications: formation of alliances among countries and legislative cosponsorships in the US Senate.

scholarly journals LINEAR STRUCTURES (CORRIDORS AND BELTS) AS OBJECTS OF STUDY OF ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Юрий Владимирович Преображенский
Keyword(s):  
Economic Geography ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Linear Structures ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
The Us

В статье поднимается вопрос о возможности использования понятий коридор и пояс в географической науке. Рассматриваются и типологизируются инфраструктурные, промышленные и др. коридоры. Показано разнообразие различных зон, выделяемых по определённому признаку, - поясов. Особое внимание уделяется поясам США, которые анализируются в том числе с позиции соответствия их линейному типу объектов геопространства. Выявляются различия между коридором и поясом. The article raises the question of the possibility of using the concepts of corridor and belt in geographical science. Infrastructure, industrial and other corridors are considered and typologized. It shows the variety of different zones that are distinguished by a certain feature-belts. Special attention is paid to the US belts, which are analyzed in particular from the point of view of their correspondence to the linear type of geospatial objects. The differences between the corridor and the belt are revealed.

How Well is US Intrafirm Trade Measured?

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 524-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim J. Ruhl
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Independent Data ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
Trade Data ◽  
Intrafirm Trade ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Census

Using two independent data sources—the intrafirm trade data from the US Bureau of Economic Analysis and the related party trade data from the US Census Bureau—I construct and compare measures of US intrafirm exports and imports. I find that, in general, the two datasets provide similar measures of US intrafirm trade, particularly for exports. Understanding the differences that do exist in measurement will likely require study of the confidential micro data at both the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Census Bureau.

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