Corporate Strategies in Food Retailing and Their Local Impacts: A Case Study of Cardiff

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1575-1602 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M Guy
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Property ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Food Retailing ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Corporate Strategies ◽  
Local Case

The development programmes of major grocery retailers in Britain have transformed the retail systems of many urban areas. Impacts upon patterns of consumer behaviour and shopping provision have been substantial. Although many writers have discussed retailers' changing corporate strategies and their implications for new store development, there is still a need for local case studies. In this paper, therefore, processes of change in grocery provision in Cardiff, a city of almost 300000 population, are examined, mainly over a recent twelve-year period. An initial burst of superstore development was accompanied by closures of many small grocery stores owned by multiple and cooperative organisations. Since about 1986, rates of new store development and of store closure have diminished. These changes were superimposed upon a longer term decline in independent food retailing. The question of trading impact is then investigated through associations over time and space of store openings and closures. Although some of the closures in this analysis appear to be explained, it is clear also that certain characteristics of the stores themselves (particularly size and location) were strongly related to the likelihood of closure. This in turn reflected corporate strategies for growth, repositioning, or retrenchment amongst the multiples concerned, mediated through the local property market and land-use planning policies. The conclusion is that the case study clearly exemplifies the impacts of recent events in British retailing, but that further studies are needed to build a comprehensive understanding of retail change at the local level.

Building Reconstruction After Large-Scale Disasters A Case Study of Ishinomaki City After the Great East Japan Earthquake

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (sp) ◽  
pp. 780-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michio Ubaura ◽  
◽  
Junpei Nieda ◽  
Masashi Miyakawa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Compact City ◽  
Building Reconstruction

In large-scale disasters and the subsequent recovery process, land usage and urban spatial forms change. It is therefore important to use this process as an opportunity to create a more sustainable spatial structure. This study considers the urban spatial transformations that took place after the Great East Japan Earthquake, their causes, and accompanying issues by investigating building construction in the recovery process. The authors discovered that individual rebuilding is primarily concentrated in vacant lots within the city’s existing urbanized areas. This is likely due to the spatial impact of the urban planning and agricultural land use planning system, the area division of urbanization promotion areas, and the urbanization restricted areas, all of which were in place prior to the disaster and which have guided development. On the other hand, there are areas severely damaged by tsunami in which there has been little reconstruction of housing that was completely destroyed. The authors concluded that building reconstruction in Ishinomaki City resulted in both the formation of a high-density compact city and also very low-density urban areas.

Landside Access to Seaports in Urban Areas: A Case Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 1602 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Chatterjee ◽  
Joseph E. Hummer ◽  
David B. Clarke ◽  
Scott M. Ney
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
East Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Local Levels

Seaports in the United States usually are located in urban areas. They are major traffic generators on the landside. However, the landside access needs of ports often are overlooked by the transportation and land-use planning processes. A case study of three ports on the East Coast of the United States was performed: Savannah, Georgia; Wilmington, North Carolina; and Morehead City, North Carolina. Both highway and rail access issues were examined at regional and local levels. Several serious issues and problems are identified and discussed in the paper, including effects on local communities.

scholarly journals Flood Risk Index for Land-Use Changes: Case Study of Pakpanang River Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Chonlatid Kittikhun ◽  
Sitang Pilailar ◽  
Suwatana Chittaladakorn ◽  
Eakawat Jhonpadit
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Arc Gis

Flood Risk Index (FRI) is the multi-criteria linked with the factors of vulnerability; exposure, susceptibility, and resilience. In order to establish local FRI, crucial local information have to be accumulated. However, under the limitation of land-use data, particular techniques were applied in this study. CA Markov model was used to analyze the past missing land-use data and, also forecast the future land-use of Pakpanang river basin under conditions of plan and without plan. The ratio changes of forest, agriculture, wetland and water, and urban areas were considered. Then, the result of LULC spatial-temporal changes was then applied to Hec-HMS and Hec-Ras , with Arc GIS extension of Hec-GeoHMS and Hec-GeoRas software, in order to evaluate the flood hydrographs and flood severity in three municipalities corresponding to 100-year return period rainfall. Afterward, the FRI of Pakpanang, Chianyai, and Hua-sai, which ranges from 0 to 1, were evaluated by using the modified FRI equations. It was found that sensitivity analysis in the area of forest on flood depth and inundation areas is incoherent. Nevertheless, without land-use planning, the changes in these three cities cause higher flood risk, where Chianyai is the riskiest as the FRIE is 0.58. Further consideration of FRIE and FRIP proportion that reveals the FRI deviation indicates that to reduce flood risk, Chianyai would need the most resources and highest effort comparison to Pakpanang and Hua-sai.

scholarly journals Identifying Institutional Barriers and Enablers for Sustainable Urban Planning from a Municipal Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11231
Author(s):  
Camilo A. Ramírez Rincón ◽  
João Santos ◽  
Leentje Volker ◽  
Robert Rouwenhorst
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Institutional Barriers ◽  
Barriers And Enablers ◽  
Urban Level ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Motivation Model ◽  
National Governments

Steering towards a path of sustainability and resilience in urban environments depends greatly on effective institutions, governance and strategic planning. National governments are increasingly expanding municipal institutions’ mandates by delegating decision making on land-use planning and urban development to local and regional levels. This trend poses municipalities with a complex challenge of setting clear sustainability targets and lifting the institutional barriers inside and outside of their organisation. Based on the business motivation model (BMM), this study presents the results of a thematic analysis identifying barriers and enablers characterizing the institutional capacity base of a municipal organisation in the context of sustainability at an urban level. The results show that the most relevant barrier is the lack of standardisation in sustainability-related working practices, whereas the main institutional enablers relate to flexible working directives that promote the development of innovative projects. This points towards a strong need for a more integrated, dynamic and powerful development approach for sustainable urban areas on a local level.

scholarly journals Urban Vegetation Leveraging Actions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4843
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Tapiador ◽  
Andrés Navarro ◽  
Josu Mezo ◽  
Sergio de la Llave ◽  
Jesús Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Vegetation Management ◽  
Urban Vegetation ◽  
Positive Balance ◽  
Conceptual Changes ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Standard Practices ◽  
Intelligent Approach

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) include a subset of targets that can be advanced through standard urban management activities. In particular, routine urban vegetation management comprises a number of activities with potential impact on Goal #4 (quality education), #11 (sustainable cities and communities), #13 (protect the planet), #15 (life on land), and, perhaps less obviously, but equally important, on Goal #8 (good jobs and economic growth). This paper discusses how urban vegetation management can help achieve the SDGs at a local level. Drawing on a case study (Talavera de la Reina, Spain), it is shown that an intelligent approach to urban vegetation management can leverage resources towards the SDGs at little or no cost to municipalities. Minor modifications and conceptual changes in how standard practices are carried out can make a difference. Including this dimension can even result in a positive balance for the municipal budget. Our analyses and proposals are of broad and direct applicability for urban areas worldwide and can help city authorities and officials to align their cities with the SDGs simply by making minor adjustments to how they currently deal with urban vegetation.

scholarly journals Behind the Land Use Mix: Measuring the Functional Compatibility in Urban and Sub-Urban Areas of China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Haochen Shi ◽  
Miaoxi Zhao ◽  
Duncan A. Simth ◽  
Bin Chi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Use Pattern

Land use mix (LUM) has long been employed as one of the key methods to improve urban vibrancy and optimize built-up areas. Within the urban studies discipline, LUM is usually defined as a functional compatible but diverse land use pattern. However, its quantitative methodological approaches thereby heavily rely on the diversity of land use and fail to consider functional compatibility as another critical defining characteristic, providing only a partial picture of land use pattern. Thus, reviewing LUM’s concepts and definitions, this paper develops a new index to describe functional compatibility according to the spatial segregation measurements. To evaluate and provide empirical evidence of the proposed index, this paper selects the medium-sized city of Xiangtan as a case study. The findings demonstrate that Xiangtan exhibits a quite compatible land use pattern to a certain extent. In addition, particular clusters with relatively incompatible land use patterns are observed, which are closely linked to a special historical working unit, the ‘Danwei’ compounds, and a special rural planning authority, ‘Township-Village-Enterprise’, in China. Finally, an integrated evaluation is conducted based on the proposed index and Shannon entropy index, which can be regarded as a useful tool in future land use planning while contributing to shaping a sustainable form of urban development.

How different actors shape the real estate market for informal settlements in Lagos

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-388
Author(s):  
Akunnaya Pearl Opoko ◽  
Adedapo Adewunmi Oluwatayo ◽  
Bayo Amole ◽  
Ekundayo Adeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Real Estate Markets ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
The Real Estate Market ◽  
Market Needs

The literature indicates that most housing in the urban areas of many countries in the global South is in informal settlements, provided through informal mechanisms that are often not well understood. This paper contributes to understanding the forces influencing real estate markets in informal settlements, drawing on a case study of the under-researched Ayobo community in Lagos, Nigeria. The paper examines the roles played by government agencies and other market actors, including buyers, sellers, informants, financiers and witnesses, in relation to the operation and regulation of informal land markets. The analysis of the data, drawn from a survey and interviews, reveals a thriving property market, which is socially if not formally regulated. The paper concludes that this flourishing informal market needs strengthening to effectively meet the housing needs of urban residents.

scholarly journals Analysis of spatial and environmental justice in three Mexican cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 277 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
L Araujo-Alvarado ◽  
CY Ortega-Montoya ◽  
A Ávila-Galarza
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
San Luis ◽  
San Luis Potosi ◽  
San Luis Potosí

The accelerated growth of cities in developing countries poses a challenge for urban planning such as guaranteeing the safety of all inhabitants from natural and anthropogenic threats. The objective of this study is to determine the urban areas and social sectors of three medium sized Mexican cities that are exposed to high risk activities. The results indicate that for the metropolitan area of San Luis Potosi, 57.6% of high risk activities are within the urban sprawl, while 100% are in the cities of Zacatecas and Fresnillo. In all three case studies, most of the activities studied are in areas with low and medium rates of marginalization. In San Luis Potosi, 4.1% are in areas with high and very high population density but none of the case studies showed a conglomeration of these types of risks in a determined area of the cities. A database of companies with high risk activities, regulated at a federal level, public became public in Mexico in 2014. This information is of great value at a local level to define the strategies of land use planning that guarantee access to environmental justice as well as effective prevention strategies and responses to chemical emergencies.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Densification of the City in the Neoliberal Economy - a Case Study: the Surroundings of the Eastern Part of the Former Airport Runway Rakowice-Czyżyny in Cracow

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (27) ◽  
pp. 81-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Hołuj ◽  
Artur Hołuj
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
New Urbanism ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Airport Runway ◽  
The City

Abstract The article is a case study of land use planning in the surroundings of the eastern side of the runway of the former airport Rakowice-Czyżyny in Cracow. The area was chosen because it is an example reflecting the history of many urban spaces that are well connected externally, well equipped in infrastructure, and favourably located in the city. They are now the scene of an intense market game, which arrogates to itself the almost unlimited right to determine the land use. Therefore, a study was conducted to verify the knowledge in that field. The analysis was based, inter alia, on differentiated source materials (including historical ones), a survey of press materials (mostly local ones), interviews with residents, the field analysis carried out in the research area and data analysis (primary market of real estate). The chosen example allowed the authors to confirm the theorems on the growing threats to the spatial order in a situation of struggle between supporters of neoliberal urbanism and broadly defined new urbanism. The latter cannot exist without spatial planning but since1990 in Poland we have been able to observe a crisis in this area. It leads to chaotic, too concentrated development in urban areas. This demonstrates that while the criticism of the new urbanism is in some dimensions justified, it cannot be used to legalize voluntary land development. This possibility of social and political permission for arbitrariness generates an “appetite” for space understood primarily as an economic good.

scholarly journals Land Use Planning In Hydropower Development A Case Study Of Upper Tamakoshi Hydroelectric Project

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subash Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Hydropower Development ◽  
Hydroelectric Project ◽  
Access Road

Many developing countries do not focus on land use planning in hydropower development. As a result hydropower projects are not sustainable. The aim of the study is to analyze the cause and effects of land use planning in hydropower development. The primary and secondary data were collected in a case study site at the Upper Tamakoshi Hydroelectric Project (UTHEP) in Dolakha district of Nepal. Household questionnaire, key informants? interviews and field observation were conducted to collect primary data while the relevant documents such as detailed feasibility report, property valuation report and spatial data (cadastral data, image etc.) were also collected for the study. The primary and secondary data reveals that Land use changes involved in the UTHEP implementation is basically due to the permanent and temporary land acquisition for project structures, facilities and reservoir area. The total land acquired for various project components like access road, powerhouse, desanding basin, reservoir as well as construction borrow pits and quarries, temporary and permanent work camps and construction of access road is estimated to be 182 ha. The secondary data reveals that 66 ha are allocated in agricultural land, 78 ha in forest land and 38 ha in the barren and cliff land. The results from secondary data and interviews confirm that UTHEP has planned to distribute 10% share to the residents of Dolakha district to promote local level investment. Finally, the study finds that land use planning has very important role for minimizing negative social and environmental effects thus create sustainability of the hydropower projects. It is also found that overall environmental impacts are limited because of technological development such as tunnel and underground powerhouse in UTHEP. The land tenure, Land use planning stakeholders and their role, Governance, policy, social structure etc. are the basic requirements of land use planning for sustainable development of hydropower projects. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kuset.v8i1.6053 KUSET 2012; 8(1): 134-141

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