Optimal Allocation of Capital between Production and Emission Control

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Fishelson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Profit Maximization ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Optimal Decisions ◽  
The Social

The resources of society that are available for investment are limited. The investment decision of a firm in a perfect capital market is aimed towards profit maximization. In both cases the optimal decisions are based upon expected outcomes when the outcomes are uncertain. Furthermore it is shown that when the degree of uncertainty changes, the optimal decision depends upon the behaviour of the marginal utilities of the outcomes. These general propositions are demonstrated and the optimal solution is presented for the specific case in which the outcome is environmental quality. Environmental quality is introduced explicitly into the social utility function and implicitly into the utility-from-profits function via a tax on the firm's contribution to environmental quality.

scholarly journals ANALISIS SENSIVITAS MODEL PENUGASAN DENGAN METODE HUNGARIAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
ELFRIDA RIANI TSANI ◽  
NI KETUT TARI TASTRAWATI ◽  
KARTIKA SARI
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Linear Programming ◽  
Assignment Problem ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Optimal Decisions ◽  
Hungarian Method

In linear programming the assignment problem can be solved by the Hungarian method. This method produces an optimal solution for the placement of employees on their assignments. The purpose of this research is to determine the sensitivity analysis of the optimal results from the assignment that has been obtained by the Hungarian Method. Sensitivity analysis is used to determine the extent to which changes can occur without changing the optimal decisions that have been obtained. The results of this research obtain interval working time that can be tolerated without changing the optimal decision that has been obtained. So, no matter how much working time of the Employee changes, as long as the change is still within the interval, it does not interfere with the optimal solution that has been obtained previously.

scholarly journals Two-facility Location Games with Minimum Distance Requirement

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 719-756
Author(s):  
Xinping Xu ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Minming Li ◽  
Lingjie Duan
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bound ◽  
Facility Location ◽  
Minimum Distance ◽  
Social Cost ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
The Social ◽  
Facility Location Game ◽  
The Cost

We study the mechanism design problem of a social planner for locating two facilities on a line interval [0, 1], where a set of n strategic agents report their locations and a mechanism determines the locations of the two facilities. We consider the requirement of a minimum distance 0 ≤ d ≤ 1 between the two facilities. Given the two facilities are heterogeneous, we model the cost/utility of an agent as the sum of his distances to both facilities. In the heterogeneous two-facility location game to minimize the social cost, we show that the optimal solution can be computed in polynomial time and prove that carefully choosing one optimal solution as output is strategyproof. We also design a strategyproof mechanism minimizing the maximum cost. Given the two facilities are homogeneous, we model the cost/utility of an agent as his distance to the closer facility. In the homogeneous two-facility location game for minimizing the social cost, we show that any deterministic strategyproof mechanism has unbounded approximation ratio. Moreover, in the obnoxious heterogeneous two-facility location game for maximizing the social utility, we propose new deterministic group strategyproof mechanisms with provable approximation ratios and establish a lower bound (7 − d)/6 for any deterministic strategyproof mechanism. We also design a strategyproof mechanism maximizing the minimum utility. In the obnoxious homogeneous two-facility location game for maximizing the social utility, we propose deterministic group strategyproof mechanisms with provable approximation ratios and establish a lower bound 4/3. Besides, in the two-facility location game with triple-preference, where each facility may be favorable, obnoxious, indifferent for any agent, we further motivate agents to report both their locations and preferences towards the two facilities truthfully, and design a deterministic group strategyproof mechanism with an approximation ratio 4.

Impact of the Locus of Causality and Internal Control on the Social Utility of Causal Explanations

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Perrin ◽  
Benoît Testé
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
External Control ◽  
Job Interview ◽  
Locus Of Causality ◽  
Causal Explanations ◽  
Professional Success ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types

Research into the norm of internality ( Beauvois & Dubois, 1988 ) has shown that the expression of internal causal explanations is socially valued in social judgment. However, the value attributed to different types of internal explanations (e.g., efforts vs. traits) is far from homogeneous. This study used the Weiner (1979 ) tridimensional model to clarify the factors explaining the social utility attached to internal versus external explanations. Three dimensions were manipulated: locus of causality, controllability, and stability. Participants (N = 180 students) read the explanations expressed by appliants during a job interview. They then described the applicants on the French version of the revised causal dimension scale and rated their future professional success. Results indicated that internal-controllable explanations were the most valued. In addition, perceived internal and external control of explanations were significant predictors of judgments.

The Impact of Endorsing the Belief in a Just World on Social Judgments

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Testé ◽  
Samantha Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Social Judgments ◽  
Just World ◽  
The Social ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Impact

The present research examines the social value attributed to endorsing the belief in a just world for self (BJW-S) and for others (BJW-O) in a Western society. We conducted four studies in which we asked participants to assess a target who endorsed BJW-S vs. BJW-O either strongly or weakly. Results showed that endorsement of BJW-S was socially valued and had a greater effect on social utility judgments than it did on social desirability judgments. In contrast, the main effect of endorsement of BJW-O was to reduce the target’s social desirability. The results also showed that the effect of BJW-S on social utility is mediated by the target’s perceived individualism, whereas the effect of BJW-S and BJW-O on social desirability is mediated by the target’s perceived collectivism.

Segments Influencing Individual Investors Behavior And Their Investment Decision

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (9) ◽  
pp. 154-160
Author(s):  
Dr. Kartikey Koti
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Social ◽  
Karnataka State ◽  
Essential Idea

The essential idea of this assessment is investigate the social factors affecting particular theorists' decisions making limit at Indian Stock Markets. In the examination coordinated standard of direct is Classified subject to two estimations the first is Heuristic (Decision making) and the resulting one is prospect.. For the assessment coordinated the data used is basic natured which is assembled through a sorted out survey from 100 individual money related authorities based out in Hubli and Dharwad city, Karnataka State in India on an accommodating way. The respondents were both sex and overwhelming part male were 68% . These theorists were having a spot with the age bundle between35-45 which is 38%. These respondents have completed their graduation were around 56%. These respondents had work inclusion of 5 to 10 years which is 45% and the majority of which were used in government portion which is 56%. Their compensation was between 4 to 6 Lakh and were fit for placing assets into business areas. The money related experts were widely masterminded placing assets into different portfolios like 32% in Share market and 20 % in Fixed store. These examiners mode to known various endeavor streets were through News, family and allies.  

SOCIAL CONFLICT: ARCHETYPAL NATURE AND RESOLUTION MECHANISM

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 294-305
Author(s):  
Ruslan Rafisovich Hasanov
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Constructive Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge

On the basis of the archetypic analysis of development trends of a conflictological paradigm the author’s model of minimization of conflict potential in modern society is offered. Institutional construction is the basis for model that is harmonized with a factor of societal identity.It is noted that the problems of social conflicts, according to data from monitor- ing studies of the Ukrainian school of archetype, are increasingly shifted into the sphere of interpersonal relations. It is stimulated by the progression in society of so-called self-sufficient personalities, the “subjectification” of the social space, and at the same time narrowing down to the solution of entirely specific situations in which there is a collision of the interests of two or more parties.Instead, in order to find the optimal solution for resolving the conflict, it is necessary to have interdisciplinary knowledge, in particular understanding of the deep nature of such conflicts. Collision of points of view, thoughts, positions — a very frequent phenomenon of modern social life. In order to develop the correct line of behavior in various conflict situations, it is important to adequately under- stand the nature of the emergence of the modern conflict and the mechanisms for resolving them in substance. Knowledge of conflict nature enriches the culture of communication and makes human life and social groups not only more calm, but also creates conditions for constructive development. It is proved that in modern life one can not but agree with the statement that an individual carries first re- sponsibility for his own life and only then for the life of the social groups to which he belongs. And while making decisions within the framework of modern mecha- nisms (consensus), the properties of human psychology such as extroversion, emo- tionality, irrationality, intuition, externality, and executive ability will not at least contribute to such a task.That is why in the author’s research attracted attention to the archetypal na- ture of the conflict — the primitive images, ideas, feelings inherent in man as a bearer of the collective unconscious.

SOCIAL CONFLICT: ARCHETYPAL NATURE AND RESOLUTION MECHANISM

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 294-305
Author(s):  
Ruslan Rafisovich Hasanov
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Constructive Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge

On the basis of the archetypic analysis of development trends of a conflictological paradigm the author’s model of minimization of conflict potential in modern society is offered. Institutional construction is the basis for model that is harmonized with a factor of societal identity. It is noted that the problems of social conflicts, according to data from monitoring studies of the Ukrainian school of archetype, are increasingly shifted into the sphere of interpersonal relations. It is stimulated by the progression in society of so-called self-sufficient personalities, the “subjectification” of the social space, and at the same time narrowing down to the solution of entirely specific situations in which there is a collision of the interests of two or more parties. Instead, in order to find the optimal solution for resolving the conflict, it is necessary to have interdisciplinary knowledge, in particular understanding of the deep nature of such conflicts. Collision of points of view, thoughts, positions — a very frequent phenomenon of modern social life. In order to develop the correct line of behavior in various conflict situations, it is important to adequately understand the nature of the emergence of the modern conflict and the mechanisms for resolving them in substance. Knowledge of conflict nature enriches the culture of communication and makes human life and social groups not only more calm, but also creates conditions for constructive development. It is proved that in modern life one can not but agree with the statement that an individual carries first responsibility for his own life and only then for the life of the social groups to which he belongs. And while making decisions within the framework of modern mechanisms (consensus), the properties of human psychology such as extroversion, emotionality, irrationality, intuition, externality, and executive ability will not at least contribute to such a task. That is why in the author’s research attracted attention to the archetypal nature of the conflict — the primitive images, ideas, feelings inherent in man as a bearer of the collective unconscious.

scholarly journals Optimal Decision-Making to Charge Electric Vehicles in Heterogeneous Networks: Stackelberg Game Approach

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijun Chen ◽  
Huwei Chen ◽  
Shanhe Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Heterogeneous Networks ◽  
Demand Uncertainty ◽  
Stackelberg Game ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Stackelberg Equilibrium ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Grid Operators

Electric vehicles (EVs) are designed to improve the efficiency of energy and prevent the environment from being polluted, when they are widely and reasonably used in the transport system. However, due to the feature of EV’s batteries, the charging problem plays an important role in the application of EVs. Fortunately, with the help of advanced technologies, charging stations powered by smart grid operators (SGOs) can easily and conveniently solve the problems and supply charging service to EV users. In this paper, we consider that EVs will be charged by charging station operators (CSOs) in heterogeneous networks (Hetnet), through which they can exchange the information with each other. Considering the trading relationship among EV users, CSOs, and SGOs, we design their own utility functions in Hetnet, where the demand uncertainty is taken into account. In order to maximize the profits, we formulate this charging problem as a four-stage Stackelberg game, through which the optimal strategy is studied and analyzed. In the Stackelberg game model, we theoretically prove and discuss the existence and uniqueness of the Stackelberg equilibrium (SE). Using the proposed iterative algorithm, the optimal solution can be obtained in the optimization problem. The performance of the strategy is shown in the simulation results. It is shown that the simulation results confirm the efficiency of the model in Hetnet.

scholarly journals Student Perception of the Social Value of Responsible Management

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Crisanta-Alina Mazilescu ◽  
Laurent Auzoult-Chagnault ◽  
Loredana Ileana Viscu ◽  
Bernard Gangloff
Keyword(s):  
Student Perception ◽  
Gender Effect ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
Managerial Efficiency ◽  
Responsible Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Technical University ◽  
Organisational Level

In responsible management, managerial efficiency and sustainable development meet and influence each other. In order to give meaning to their organisation, to respect and look after their collaborators, a manager must promote a set of values on a personal, organisational and societal level. The purpose of this paper is to study the social value attributed to responsible management by students of a technical university. We have therefore undertaken to study a set of seven values attributed to responsible management and, more precisely, their utility and social desirability on a personal, organisational and societal level. The values have been operationalized with personality descriptors. The 60 participants in this study are students from a Romanian technical university. They had to assess, on four scales of seven points each (two for desirability and two for social utility), the value of a person characterised by one of the seven values attributed to responsible management. The results show us that efficiency is the value perceived by the students as being the most desirable for responsible management, and that in terms of social utility, agility is the most appreciated value. We found that there is indeed an effect of the context in which these values are perceived. Efficiency, audacity, dedication and integrity are perceived as more useful at an organisational level, while solidarity was perceived as more useful on a societal level. At the organisational level we also found a gender effect, in the sense that women appreciate people who are efficient, have integrity or are humble more than men do.

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