Necrotizing soft tissue infections of the head and neck: Case reports and literature review

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy McMahon ◽  
Terrence Lowe ◽  
David A. Koppel
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections

Noma and Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Face and Neck

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Miller ◽  
David A. Shaye
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Superficial Fascia ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
The Face

AbstractNecrotizing fasciitis (NF) is part of the class of necrotizing soft tissue infections characterized by rapid fascial spread and necrosis of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and superficial fascia. If left untreated, NF can rapidly deteriorate into multiorgan shock and systemic failure. NF most commonly infects the trunk and lower extremities, although it can sometimes present in the head and neck region. This review provides an overview of NF as it relates specifically to the head and neck region, including its associated clinical features and options for treatment. Noma, a related but relatively unknown disease, is then described along with its relationship with severe poverty.

scholarly journals Necrotizing fasciitis: A review of three clinical encounters

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Jaron Pettis ◽  
Neelam Mulji ◽  
Fernando A. Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Wound Debridement ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Case ◽  
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis is a potentially lethal soft tissue infection characterized by rampant necrosis and destruction of subcutaneous tissues. Current estimates of necrotizing soft tissue infections in the United States are 4.3 infections per 100,000 of the population. Although the incidence of necrotizing soft tissue infections has decreased in the last decade, the toxic and lethal nature of the disease process lends utmost importance to accurate diagnosis and immediate management. The purpose of this review article is to report three cases of necrotizing fasciitis and provide literature review in regards to hallmark characteristics, predisposing risk factors and treatment optimization.Case: The first case depicts a newly diagnosed 43-year-old male HIV patient with necrotizing fasciitis infection characterized by Klebsiella, Serratia and anaerobic bacteria cultures. The second case describes the course of a 71-year-old male diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis in the setting of a complicated anal fistula characterized by B. fragilis, S. anginosus and Prevotella species. The third and final case describes the course of a 44-year-old female diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis in the setting of Ludwig’s Angina characterized by Klebsiella and Dubliensis species. Treatment was initiated with extensive wound debridement, multiple washouts and broad antibiotic regimens in all three cases. Additional hyperbaric oxygen therapy was administered in the third case.Conclusions: These case reports illustrate the range of severity and settings in which necrotizing fasciitis can occur. Significant morbidity and mortality rates are associated with a delay in treatment initiation. Given this, it is of utmost importance to develop and maintain a high clinical acumen for necrotizing soft tissue infections.

Synchronous multifocal necrotizing soft tissue infections: a case report and literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404
Author(s):  
Kin Seng Tong ◽  
Daniel C. Williams ◽  
Marc A. Seifman ◽  
David J. Hunter-Smith ◽  
Warren Matthew Rozen
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections

Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infections in the Head and Neck

1991 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 619???625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferit Tovi ◽  
Dan M. Fliss ◽  
Howard J. Zirkin
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections

Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections Reported with Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1034-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura H Kahn ◽  
Barbara A Styrt
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drug ◽  
Computer Search ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections

background: Recent reports of necrotizing fasciitis in children with varicella who received a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) recall earlier concerns regarding the possibility of relationships between infections and NSAIDs. We searched the Food and Drug Administration's Spontaneous Reporting System (SRS) for necrotizing soft tissue infections reported in conjunction with the use of NSAIDs, to identify common features. methods: A computer search of NSAID listings in the adverse event database recovered reports with codes for selected infection and necrosis-related diagnostic categories. From review of individual reports classified under these codes, cases were selected if the terms “necrotizing fasciitis,” “necrotic,” or “gangrenous” appeared in the adverse drug reaction description. Demographic, drug use, and disease course information were gathered. findings: Thirty-three cases were identified, of which 10 were fatal. Over two-thirds of the patients were younger than 40 years. Thirty (91%) had a possible portal of entry for infection. Most received NSAIDs for acute conditions including varicella, trauma, and postoperative or postpartum pain; 7 received an NSAID by intramuscular injection. Specific NSAIDs accounting for most reports were also among those likely to be most heavily used in the relevant populations. interpretation: Common features of these rare case reports of necrotizing soft tissue infections with NSAID use include characteristics such as age, portal of infection entry, indication for NSAID use, route of administration, and individual NSAIDs. The total number of SRS cases does not suggest that necrotizing infection is frequent with NSAIDs or likely without other risk factors. Controlled observational studies would help to define any causal contribution of these factors to the evolution of severe infection.

scholarly journals 440. Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infections Involving Actinomyces Species

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S218-S218
Author(s):  
Niyati Jakharia ◽  
Gregory Schrank ◽  
Paul Luethy ◽  
Ronald Rabinowitz
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Actinomyces Species ◽  
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Tissue Specimens

Abstract Background Actinomyces sp. are associated with numerous clinical diseases in humans; however, there are few case reports of necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs) involving these organisms. Their role in NSTIs has not been well described. At our medical center, we noted an increase in Actinomyces sp. isolated from the tissue specimens of patients with NSTIs, prompting further evaluation. Methods Microbiology databases were utilized to identify patients with clinical cultures growing Actinomyces sp. from January 2008 to December 2018. Adult patients admitted to the R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center with a diagnosis of NSTI were included for analysis. Results Nine patients were identified meeting inclusion criteria, the first in February 2018–none prior. Organisms isolated from culture included Actinomyces turicensis (n = 3), Actinomyces europeaus (n = 1), and five organisms identified only as Actinomyces species. 89% of patients had additional co-pathogens identified in their tissue cultures. Eight patients had NSTIs of the lower extremity (n = 5) and/or the genitourinary area (n = 6), and one had chronic decubitus ulcers. Comorbidities included diabetes mellitus (77%), chronic kidney disease (33%). 44% patients were in septic shock at presentation. Surgical debridement was performed in all patients. Eight patients were discharged on amoxicillin, with a mean treatment duration of 75 days (range 31–90). One patient was treated with ampicillin–sulbactam. Readmission rate at 90 days was 37%; only one was related to the index infection. One death occurred during the index hospitalization, secondary to NSTI. No patients experienced adverse drug reactions during therapy. Conclusion We describe one of the largest case series to date of Actinomyces sp. associated with NSTI. The startling appearance of Actinomyces sp. at our institution directly followed the implementation of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry in January 2018. Actinomyces sp. may act as co-pathogens contributing to the severity of NSTIs, augmenting the virulence of other organisms. As more advanced technology is used in laboratories to identify these organisms, further study is needed to determine pathogenicity and appropriate treatment. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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