Kinetic theory of double layers driven by temperature anisotropy in a non-homogeneous magnetic field

2021 ◽  
Vol 130 (16) ◽  
pp. 163303
Author(s):  
Harihara Sudhan Kumar ◽  
Masayuki Takahashi ◽  
Chinami Kato ◽  
Yuya Oshio ◽  
Naofumi Ohnishi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Kinetic Theory ◽  
Homogeneous Magnetic Field ◽  
Double Layers ◽  
Temperature Anisotropy

On a Gyro-Thermal Effect with Polyatomic Gases in a Magnetic Field

1967 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1678-1681
Author(s):  
L. Waldmann
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Kinetic Theory ◽  
Thermal Effect ◽  
Slip Velocity ◽  
Homogeneous Magnetic Field ◽  
Tangential Component ◽  
Tennis Ball ◽  
Polyatomic Gases ◽  
Heated Cylinder

SCOTT, STURNER and WILLIAMSON observed that a polyatomic gas exerts a torque on a heated cylinder if a homogeneous magnetic field parallel to the axis is present. This effect is explained, for high enough pressure, by the kinetic theory of polyatomic gases. Decisive is the huge “amplification of spin” occurring when spin is transferred from molecules to cylinder in “cut tennis ball reflexion”. Phenomenologically this is manifested in the boundary condition (4): the gas shall have a slip velocity, tangential to the wall, which is proportional to the tangential component of its “azimuthal polarization”.

Kinetic Theory of Thermal Diffusion in a Magnetic Field

1975 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1114-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Köhler ◽  
J. Halbritter
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Kinetic Theory ◽  
Thermal Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Noble Gas ◽  
Homogeneous Magnetic Field ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Linear Molecules ◽  
Transverse Effect ◽  
The Moment

A kinetic theory of thermal diffusion in binary mixtures of polyatomic gases in an external homogeneous magnetic field is presented. It is based on the transport-relaxation equations obtained from the linearized Waldmann-Snider equation with the moment method. Under the assumption that the Kagan polarization is the decisive nonequilibrium alignment an expression for the thermal diffusion tensor in terms of Waldmann-Snider collision integrals is derived. In particular, mixtures of linear molecules with noble gas atoms are treated and the mole fraction dependence of the transverse effect is studied. As examples, the mixtures N2-Ar and N2-Ne are considered. Finally the order of magnitude of the transverse Senftleben-Beenakker effect of diffusion is estimated

Analysis of magneto rheological elastomers for energy harvesting systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 439-446
Author(s):  
Gildas Diguet ◽  
Gael Sebald ◽  
Masami Nakano ◽  
Mickaël Lallart ◽  
Jean-Yves Cavaillé
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Shear Strain ◽  
Magnetic Induction ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Homogeneous Magnetic Field ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Dc Bias ◽  
Magneto Rheological

Magneto Rheological Elastomers (MREs) are composite materials based on an elastomer filled by magnetic particles. Anisotropic MRE can be easily manufactured by curing the material under homogeneous magnetic field which creates column of particles. The magnetic and elastic properties are actually coupled making these MREs suitable for energy conversion. From these remarkable properties, an energy harvesting device is considered through the application of a DC bias magnetic induction on two MREs as a metal piece is applying an AC shear strain on them. Such strain therefore changes the permeabilities of the elastomers, hence generating an AC magnetic induction which can be converted into AC electrical signal with the help of a coil. The device is simulated with a Finite Element Method software to examine the effect of the MRE parameters, the DC bias magnetic induction and applied shear strain (amplitude and frequency) on the resulting electrical signal.

Notizen: Effect of Magnetic Field on Ascorbic Acid Oxidase Activity, I

1986 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Ghole ◽  
P. S. Damle ◽  
W. H.-P. Thiemann
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Homogeneous Magnetic Field ◽  
Acid Oxidase ◽  
High Substrate Concentration ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Oxidase ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Substrate Concentrations ◽  
Burk Plot

A homogeneous magnetic field of 1.1 T strength exhibits a significant influence on the activity of the enzyme ascorbic acid oxidase in vitro. A Lineweaver-Burk plot of the reaction shows the typical pattern of a mixed-type inhibition, i.e. a larger rate of reaction at low substrate concentrations and a smaller rate of reaction at high substrate concentration than that of the control without magnetic field applied.

scholarly journals Double layers in the downward current region of the aurora

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Ergun ◽  
L. Andersson ◽  
C. W. Carlson ◽  
D. L. Newman ◽  
M. V. Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Phase Space ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Double Layers ◽  
Parallel Electric Field ◽  
Electrostatic Waves ◽  
Current Region ◽  
Decisive Evidence

Abstract. Direct observations of magnetic-field-aligned (parallel) electric fields in the downward current region of the aurora provide decisive evidence of naturally occurring double layers. We report measurements of parallel electric fields, electron fluxes and ion fluxes related to double layers that are responsible for particle acceleration. The observations suggest that parallel electric fields organize into a structure of three distinct, narrowly-confined regions along the magnetic field (B). In the "ramp" region, the measured parallel electric field forms a nearly-monotonic potential ramp that is localized to ~ 10 Debye lengths along B. The ramp is moving parallel to B at the ion acoustic speed (vs) and in the same direction as the accelerated electrons. On the high-potential side of the ramp, in the "beam" region, an unstable electron beam is seen for roughly another 10 Debye lengths along B. The electron beam is rapidly stabilized by intense electrostatic waves and nonlinear structures interpreted as electron phase-space holes. The "wave" region is physically separated from the ramp by the beam region. Numerical simulations reproduce a similar ramp structure, beam region, electrostatic turbulence region and plasma characteristics as seen in the observations. These results suggest that large double layers can account for the parallel electric field in the downward current region and that intense electrostatic turbulence rapidly stabilizes the accelerated electron distributions. These results also demonstrate that parallel electric fields are directly associated with the generation of large-amplitude electron phase-space holes and plasma waves.

scholarly journals Finite Element Analysis of Magnetic Field Exciter for Direct Testing of Magnetocaloric Materials’ Properties

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2792
Author(s):  
Wieslaw Lyskawinski ◽  
Wojciech Szelag ◽  
Cezary Jedryczka ◽  
Tomasz Tolinski
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Magnetic Circuit ◽  
Homogeneous Magnetic Field ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Mcm Testing ◽  
Testing Region ◽  
Magnetocaloric Materials ◽  
Field Excitation ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The paper presents research on magnetic field exciters dedicated to testing magnetocaloric materials (MCMs) as well as used in the design process of magnetic refrigeration systems. An important element of the proposed test stand is the system of magnetic field excitation. It should provide a homogeneous magnetic field with a controllable value of its intensity in the MCM testing region. Several concepts of a magnetic circuit when designing the field exciters have been proposed and evaluated. In the MCM testing region of the proposed exciters, the magnetic field is controlled by changing the structure of the magnetic circuit. A precise 3D field model of electromagnetic phenomena has been developed in the professional finite element method (FEM) package and used to design and analyze the exciters. The obtained results of the calculations of the magnetic field distribution in the working area were compared with the results of the measurements carried out on the exciter prototype. The conclusions resulting from the conducted research are presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Primordial magnetic helicity evolution with a homogeneous magnetic field from inflation

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Brandenburg ◽  
Ruth Durrer ◽  
Yiwen Huang ◽  
Tina Kahniashvili ◽  
Sayan Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Homogeneous Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Helicity

Fabrication of an MRI Model Magnet With an Off-Centered Distribution of Homogeneous Magnetic Field Zone

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 781-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Sekino ◽  
Hiroyuki Ohsaki ◽  
Hitoshi Wada ◽  
Tatsuhiro Hisatsune ◽  
Osamu Ozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Homogeneous Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Zone
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