Voltage standing wave ratio reading circuit design for inductance capacitance wireless passive ammonia sensors

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 085003
Author(s):  
Xiaorui Liang ◽  
Yangyanhao Guo ◽  
Tianhao Zhou ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Qiulin Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standing Wave ◽  
Circuit Design ◽  
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio ◽  
Ammonia Sensors

Design of Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna Array

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 3465-3468
Author(s):  
Hai Bo Tang ◽  
Xiao Zhong Shui
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Standing Wave ◽  
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio ◽  
Radiation Characteristics ◽  
Vivaldi Antenna ◽  
Cross Structure ◽  
Structure Array

Firstly in this paper,an antipodal Vivaldi antenna is designed.The bandwidth is from 6GHz to 18GHz. The simulated results show good electric performance and the voltage standing wave ratio is less than 2 in the whole bandwidth.Secondly depending on this unit,this paper designs two kinds of arrays and estimates their radiation characteristics,respectively.The one array is a 1×8 array and the another array is a X-cross structure array with four elements.

THEORY AND DESIGN OF A COAXIAL SUPPORTING BEAD MADE OF COMPOSITE DIELECTRICS

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 926-934
Author(s):  
Gilbert H. Owyang
Keyword(s):  
Standing Wave ◽  
Frequency Ratio ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Coaxial Line ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Minimum Frequency ◽  
Typical Design

The effect due to the presence of a single supporting bead made of composite dielectrics in a coaxial line is being studied. A formula correlating the standing wave ratio caused by the bead and the physical parameters of the bead is derived. A bead of this type may be designed to have very low voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) over a very wide band of frequency. A typical design using quartz and air as dielectrics is given, and the calculated VSWR is below 1.003 over a bandwidth whose maximum to minimum frequency ratio is as high as 13:1.

GROUNDING EFFECT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF UWB ICE-CREAM CONE ANTENNA

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Rohmah Mohamed Kamaruddin ◽  
Ahmad Rakimi Mohamed ◽  
Abu Bakar Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Standing Wave ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio ◽  
Planar Antenna ◽  
Radiation Characteristics ◽  
Dielectric Thickness ◽  
Antenna Performance ◽  
Spectrum Band ◽  
Cst Microwave Studio

In this paper, presents the grounding effect on the performance of UWB Ice Cream Cone Antenna communication. This planar antenna designed on a FR4 substrate with the dielectric thickness, 1.6 mm and the dielectric constant Ɛr, 4.7. An analysis results for antenna with different parameter for width of feed as a ground has been investigated. The antennas were designed and simulated by using CST Microwave Studio Simulation. The proposed antenna performs from 4 GHz to 11 GHz spectrum band. The return losses, S11 for the suggestion antenna must be below than -10dB and voltage standing wave ratio, VSWR less than 2. The best grounded single ice cream cone antenna performance was obtained at 5.688 GHz with antenna sizes is 12 mm x 14.5 mm. The antenna gives omnidirectional radiation characteristics from UWB spectrum band requirement with reasonable gain values.

Super-wideband and compact omnidirectional antenna with simple structure and improved radiation properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Chen ◽  
L. Yang ◽  
L. Wang ◽  
G. Fu
Keyword(s):  
Standing Wave ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Radiation Patterns ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Antenna Structure ◽  
Omnidirectional Antenna ◽  
Radiation Properties

A super-wideband (SWB) omnidirectional antenna is reported in Lau et al. in 2005 and 2008, but the antenna structure was complex and the radiation properties were unsatisfactory. In this paper, a SWB omnidirectional antenna with simple structure and improved radiation properties is presented. The antenna just consists of a two-stage inverted cone and two shorting pins. The proposed two-stage cone can improve the impedance matching in super-wide bandwidth, and the optimized shorting pins can reduce the cut-off frequency more than 50%. The calculated and measured results are investigated to confirm the antenna performances. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna for voltage standing wave ratio ≤ 2 achieves more than 1:22.1, covering 0.905 GHz to the above band. The smaller sizes than those referred by Lau et al. in 2008 are obtained. The profile of the antenna is 0.078λc, and the diameter of the radiation body is 0.217λc (λc is the wavelength of the cut-off frequency of the antenna). In addition, the radiation properties of the kind of SWB omnidirectional antenna are improved obviously. In the whole band, the ripple levels in horizontal radiation patterns are not more than 6.6 dB, and the cross-polarized levels are reduced by 9 dB.

scholarly journals AN ANTENNA BASED ON A HYBRID METAL–DIELECTRIC STRUCTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-277
Author(s):  
D. V. Mayboroda ◽  
◽  
S. O. Pogarsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Standing Wave ◽  
Dielectric Waveguide ◽  
Periodic Sequence ◽  
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio ◽  
Dielectric Waveguides ◽  
Dielectric Structure ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Dielectric Plate ◽  
Frequency Selection ◽  
Near Zone

Purpose: Nowadays, in the millimeter frequency range, the dielectric waveguides of various modifications have certain advantages over the standard metal waveguides, primarily due to the possibility of creating functional units based on them. This is due to the relative simplicity and low cost of manufacturing the dielectric waveguides and functional units using them, the high degree of their integration with active elements, the use in their manufacture of different dielectrics and polymers with a wide range of material constants and a variety of mechanical properties (in particular, some materials have a significant flexibility). After making a series of physical experiments we have found the possibility of implementing the frequency selection and radiation into free space of electromagnetic waves by a hybrid metal-dielectric structure. Design/methodology/approach: The studied electrodynamic structure belongs to the class of hybrid metal-dielectric structures. It includes a modified inverted dielectric waveguide with a periodic sequence on the dielectric plate of fifteen dielectric rods with metallized coating on one of the faces placed outwards. The structure efficiency was estimated by the voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR) values and power attenuation in the duct. The measurements were made with the reflectometer method. To estimate the degree of electromagnetic field concentration near the rod inhomogeneities in the near zone, the mobile probe method was used. The field structures were visualized with the method of isolines. Findings: The results of a series of experimental investigations showed the possibility of matching the structure with the external waveguides in the frequency range of 26.5-32.5 GHz with the voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR) less than 1.8. The frequency dependence of attenuation is oscillatory with clearly expressed frequency ranges with small and large attenuation values. Moreover, the dependence is almost periodic, which is typical of periodic structures. The frequency response slope in the transition zones can be quite high and reach values of 41.26 dB/GHz. The degree of concentration of the electric field near the waveguide dielectric rod and the degree of excitation of the dielectric inhomogeneities was found by directly measured electric field strength in the near zone. Measurements of energy characteristics made under the short-circuit conditions for the main guide and in the mode of matched load of the main guide showed both the ability to control the polarization characteristics and the ability to change the appearance of the pattern and its orientation in space. Conclusions: It has been experimentally proven that a hybrid metal-dielectric structure, being a modified inverted dielectric waveguide with a periodic sequence on the dielectric plate of fifteen dielectric rods with metalized coating on one of the faces placed outwards, can be effectively integrated into a standard transmission line. It is found that this structure can be matched with the external circuits in a fairly wide frequency range. It is also found that in different frequency ranges this hybrid metal-dielectric structure shows the possibility of both efficient frequency selection and radiation in free space. Antenna measurements have shown the beam pattern shape controllability. Key words: inverted dielectric waveguide, periodic sequence, voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR), attenuation, reflectometer method, mobile probe method, directivity pattern

scholarly journals Modul Antena dengan Susunan Uniform untuk Sistem Antena Radar Generasi Kedua

Jurnal INKOM ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Folin Oktafiani ◽  
Yussi Perdana Saputera ◽  
Yudi Yuliyus Maulana ◽  
Yuyu Wahyu
Keyword(s):  
Standing Wave ◽  
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio ◽  
Coaxial Feed

Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan dan fabrikasi modul antena dengan susunan uniform untuk sistem antena radar generasi kedua. Modul antena yang dirancang terdiri dari empat buah sub-modul yang disusun secara vertikal. Sub-modul terdiri dari susunan delapan patch berbentuk persegi yang diatur sejajar ke arah horizontal dengan metode pencatuan coaxial feed pada titik tengah sub-modul. Setiap patch antena diberi daya yang sama sehingga susunan berbentuk uniform (seragam). Antena dicetak pada bahan duroid dengan nilai εr 2,2 dengan ketebalan 1,57 mm. Hasil pengukuran antena menunjukkan bahwa antena dapat bekerja pada frekuensi 9,4 Ghz dengan nilai VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) ≤1,5. Gain antena yang didesain sebesar 20.08 dBi dengan beamwidth horizontal 10˚ dan beamwidth vertikal 20˚.

scholarly journals Rancang Bangun Antena Mikrostrip Patch Serangga untuk Aplikasi Monitoring Komposter pada Frekuensi 2,4 GHz

Spektral ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faris ◽  
Shita Fitria Nurjihan
Keyword(s):  
Standing Wave ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

Komposter merupakan alat untuk menampung kompos. Kompos sangat dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat khususnya yang gemar bercocok tanam. Dengan adanya alat monitoring komposter ini memudahkan masyarakat untuk mengecek suhu dan kelembapan dari kompos. Data suhu dan kelembapan dari kompos dikirimkan dari bagian pengirim ke bagian penerima menggunakan sebuah antena mikrostrip dengan bentuk patch serangga. Antena mikrostrip patch serangga bekerja pada frekuensi 2,4 GHz. Antena mikrostrip patch serangga merupakan pengembangan dari patch rectangular, sehingga dalam perhitungannya menggunakan rumus dasar antena patch rectangular. Perancangan dan simulasi antena dilakukan menggunakan software CST Studio Suite 2018. Simulasi dilakukan dengan melakuakn percobaan mengubah dimensi antena sehingga didapatkan hasil parameter yang terbaik. Parameter antena yang diukur adalah Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), return loss, gain, dan pola radiasi. Hasil pengukuran parameter antena yang diperoleh yaitu VSWR sebesar 1,0772, return loss sebesar -28,5954 dB, gain sebesar 4,249 dB, dan pola radiasi bidirectional.

On the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio of barriers

2015 ◽  
Vol 356 ◽  
pp. 431-434
Author(s):  
H. Aichmann ◽  
G. Nimtz ◽  
P. Bruney
Keyword(s):  
Standing Wave ◽  
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
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