Causes and impacts of air pollution on international society. Case study: Possible solutions for Lebanon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Julian ◽  
Nathalie Bassil ◽  
Sofiene Dellagi
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
International Society

Comprehensive Pricing Model of Urban Traffic Air Pollution Based on Bi-Level Programming

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 1913-1917
Author(s):  
Ze Bin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Pricing Model ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
The Relationship

In order to reduce the negative impact of urban traffic air pollution, this paper firstly analyzes the relationship between urban traffic air pollution and vehicle speed, after providing the relationship model, the paper establishes a comprehensive pricing model of urban traffic air pollution based on bi-level programming, the model considers the traffic air pollution pricing, and includes the factors of congestion pricing, bus fee, pricing revenue redistribution on improvement of public transport services and the expansion of road capacity. The case study shows that the implementation of comprehensive pricing of urban traffic air pollution can reduce traffic pollution and unreasonable traffic flow, which is conducive to the sustainable development of the city.

scholarly journals Association between Green Space Structure and the Prevalence of Asthma: A Case Study of Toronto

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5852
Author(s):  
Yuping Dong ◽  
Helin Liu ◽  
Tianming Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Index Tree

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that can be caused by various factors, such as asthma-related genes, lifestyle, and air pollution, and it can result in adverse impacts on asthmatics’ mental health and quality of life. Hence, asthma issues have been widely studied, mainly from demographic, socioeconomic, and genetic perspectives. Although it is becoming increasingly clear that asthma is likely influenced by green spaces, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear and inconsistent. Moreover, green space influences the prevalence of asthma concurrently in multiple ways, but most existing studies have explored only one pathway or a partial pathway, rather than the multi-pathways. Compared to greenness (measured by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, tree density, etc.), green space structure—which has the potential to impact the concentration of air pollution and microbial diversity—is still less investigated in studies on the influence of green space on asthma. Given this research gap, this research took Toronto, Canada, as a case study to explore the two pathways between green space structure and the prevalence of asthma based on controlling the related covariates. Using regression analysis, it was found that green space structure can protect those aged 0–19 years from a high risk of developing asthma, and this direct protective effect can be enhanced by high tree diversity. For adults, green space structure does not influence the prevalence of asthma unless moderated by tree diversity (a measurement of the richness and diversity of trees). However, this impact was not found in adult females. Moreover, the hypothesis that green space structure influences the prevalence of asthma by reducing air pollution was not confirmed in this study, which can be attributed to a variety of causes.

scholarly journals From Black to Blue Skies: Civil Society Perceptions of Air Pollution in Shanghai

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Winter ◽  
Huong Le ◽  
Simon Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
Civil Society Participation ◽  
Quality Indexes

Abstract This paper explores the perception and politics of air pollution in Shanghai. We present a qualitative case study based on a literature review of relevant policies and research on civil society and air pollution, in dialogue with air quality indexes and field research data. We engage with the concept of China's authoritarian environmentalism and the political context of ecological civilization. We find that discussions about air pollution are often placed in a frame that is both locally temporal (environment) and internationally developmentalist (economy). We raise questions from an example of three applications with different presentations of air quality index measures for the same time and place. This example and frame highlight the central role and connection between technology, data and evidence, and pollution visibility in the case of the perception of air pollution. Our findings then point to two gaps in authoritarian environmentalism research, revealing a need to better understand (1) the role of technology within this governance context, and (2) the tensions created from this non-participatory approach with ecological civilization, which calls for civil society participation.

Influence of urban vegetation on air pollution and noise exposure – A case study in Gothenburg, Sweden

2017 ◽  
Vol 599-600 ◽  
pp. 1728-1739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Klingberg ◽  
Malin Broberg ◽  
Bo Strandberg ◽  
Pontus Thorsson ◽  
Håkan Pleijel
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Urban Vegetation

Case Study of Nanjing Inner Ring on Air Pollution Dispersion from Roadway Tunnel Portals

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1895-1900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Jiang Miao ◽  
Da Fang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Lagrangian Model ◽  
Pollution Dispersion ◽  
Piecewise Function ◽  
Air Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Air Pollution Dispersion

The tunnel module of a rather simple Lagrangian model GRAL (Grazer Langrange model) has been chosen to study air pollutant dispersion around tunnel portals in Nanjing inner ring. Two points have been made to popularize GRAL3.5TM (the tunnel module of a Lagrangian model GRAL; the update was in May 2003) and assure it more suitable for the actual situations in Nanjing. One is to derive a piecewise function of the intermediate parameter ‘stiffness’. Another is to take Romberg NOx-NO2 scheme into account. After these 2 works on GRAL3.5TM, NO2 dispersion from portals of all the 6 tunnels in Nanjing inner ring has been simulated. The importance of limiting urban traffic volume to control air quality around tunnel portals and roadways has been emphasized.

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