Current‐voltage relation in a time‐dependent diode

1985 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Kadish ◽  
William Peter ◽  
Michael E. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependent ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

scholarly journals Time-dependent current-voltage relation in electron guns

2005 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 036101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Mook Weon ◽  
Jung Ho Je
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependent ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Electron Guns ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

scholarly journals Modeling Macroscopic Currents of Ion Channels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Wu
Keyword(s):  
Open Channel ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Ion Permeation ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Boltzmann Model ◽  
Channel Properties ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

Ion-channel functions are often studied by the current-voltage relation, which is commonly fitted by the Boltzmann equation, a powerful model widely used nowadays. However, the Boltzmann model is restricted to a two-state ion-permeation process. Here we present an improved model that comprises a flexible number of states and incorporates both the single-channel conductance and the open-channel probability. Employing the channel properties derived from the single-channel recording experiments, the proposed model is able to describe various current-voltage relations, especially the reversal ion-permeation curves showing the inward- and outward-rectifications. We demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model using the published patch-clamp data of BK and MthK potassium channels, and discuss the similarity of the two channels based on the model studies.

Nucleotide receptors activate cation, potassium, and chloride currents in a liver cell line

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (4) ◽  
pp. G544-G553 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Fitz ◽  
A. H. Sostman
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Receptors ◽  
Chloride Currents ◽  
Whole Cell Patch Clamp ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Htc Cells ◽  
Sequential Activation ◽  
Initial Activation ◽  
K Permeability ◽  
Current Voltage Relation ◽  
Sustained Activation

By use of whole cell patch-clamp techniques, the effects of extracellular ATP on membrane ion currents of HTC cells from a rat liver tumor line were evaluated. ATP (500 microM) or the nonhydrolyzable analogue adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) caused sequential activation of three currents: Icat (-1,325 +/- 255 pA at -80 mV) occurred early, was due to increased Na+ and K+ permeability, was present in 56% of 64 consecutive cells, and rapidly inactivated; IK (274 +/- 45 pA at 0 mV) was present in 59% of cells and also inactivated; and ICl (1,172 +/- 237 pA at +60 mV) was present in 94% of studies, was sustained, and exhibited outward rectification of the current-voltage relation. All three currents were present in 39% of cells. Increasing intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) by exposure to the 5'-nucleotide receptor agonist UTP (500 microM) or to thapsigargin activated Icat and IK but not ICl, whereas increasing ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid in the pipette (> or = 5 mM) inhibited ATP-dependent activation of Icat and IK but not ICl. A P2x-preferring agonist alpha, beta-methylene ATP (500 microM) did not activate currents; a P2y-preferring agonist 2-methylthioadenosine triphosphate activated Icat and IK at concentrations of 500 microM but not 50 microM. In perforated patch recordings, ATP produced triphasic changes in membrane potential with initial depolarization due to Icat, subsequent hyperpolarization due to IK, and a later sustained depolarization due to ICl. These findings indicate that ATP modulates HTC cell ion permeability through initial activation of Icat and IK mediated by 5'-nucleotide receptors which mobilize [Ca2+], and sustained activation of ICl through a separate Ca(2+)-independent mechanism.

scholarly journals Optical control of the current-voltage relation in stacked superconductors

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Schlawin ◽  
Anastasia S. D. Dietrich ◽  
Dieter Jaksch
Keyword(s):  
Optical Control ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

Current-voltage relation for abrupt N+-P-N+ and N-i-N structures

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 897-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G.C. Bakker ◽  
J. Bisschop ◽  
W.H.A. Schilders
Keyword(s):  
Current Voltage ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

scholarly journals A linear auroral current-voltage relation in fluid theory

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1719-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vedin ◽  
K. Rönnmark
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Equations Of State ◽  
Potential Drop ◽  
Fluid Models ◽  
Linear Current ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Auroral Phenomena ◽  
Auroral Current ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

Abstract. Progress in our understanding of auroral currents and auroral electron acceleration has for decades been hampered by an apparent incompatibility between kinetic and fluid models of the physics involved. A well established kinetic model predicts that steady upward field-aligned currents should be linearly related to the potential drop along the field line, but collisionless fluid models that reproduce this linear current-voltage relation have not been found. Using temperatures calculated from the kinetic model in the presence of an upward auroral current, we construct here approximants for the parallel and perpendicular temperatures. Although our model is rather simplified, we find that the fluid equations predict a realistic large-scale parallel electric field and a linear current-voltage relation when these approximants are employed as nonlocal equations of state. This suggests that the concepts we introduce can be applied to the development of accurate equations of state for fluid simulations of auroral flux tubes.Key words. Magnetospheric physics (auroral phenomena; magnetosphere-ionosphere interactions) – Space plasma physics (kinetic and MHD theory)

Slow inward current may produce many results attributed to IX1 in cardiac Purkinje fibers

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (1) ◽  
pp. H122-H132
Author(s):  
J. M. Jaeger ◽  
W. R. Gibbons
Keyword(s):  
Action Potential ◽  
Outward Current ◽  
Purkinje Fiber ◽  
Slow Inward Current ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Inward Current ◽  
Purkinje Fibers ◽  
Cardiac Purkinje Fibers ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

We have tried to answer two fundamental questions concerning the outward current IX1 of cardiac Purkinje fibers. 1) Is it possible that current changes identified as arising from IX1 in voltage-clamp experiments are actually manifestations of changes in the slow inward current (Isi); and 2) is IX1 in fact required to produce the electrical phenomena attributed to it? Isi behavior and the role of IX1 were explored using computer simulation. The Isi model produced current changes during depolarizations and hyperpolarizations from depolarized resting potentials like those attributed to IX1. It also produced a component of "tail currents" that behaved like IX1. If these current changes were analyzed, assuming that an outward current is responsible, the resulting kinetics and current voltage relation would be very similar to the kinetics and current voltage relation reported for IX1. Using the McAllister, Noble, and Tsien formulation of the Purkinje fiber action potential, we found that IX1 is not essential for repolarization of the reconstructed action potential nor is it needed to reproduce interval duration effects and the effects of applied current in that model. Data suggesting that calcium channel blockers reduce IX1 and that catecholamines increase IX1 may be explained as arising from changes in Isi. Thus many manifestations of IX1 can be explained as arising from unanticipated behavior of Isi, and IX1 does not necessarily play a key role in generating Purkinje fiber electrical activity.

Effects of Magnetic Fields on PN Junctions in Piezomagnetic–Piezoelectric Semiconductor Composite Fibers

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (08) ◽  
pp. 2050085
Author(s):  
Chao Liang ◽  
Chunli Zhang ◽  
Weiqiu Chen ◽  
Jiashi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Transverse Magnetic ◽  
Piezoelectric Semiconductor ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Multiferroic Composite ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

We study the electromechanical and electrical behaviors of a PN junction in a multiferroic composite fiber, consisting of a piezoelectric semiconductor (PS) layer between two piezomagnetic (PM) layers, under a transverse magnetic field. Based on the derived one-dimensional model for multiferroic composite semiconductor structures, we obtain the linear analytical solution for the built-in potential and electric field in the junction when there is no applied voltage between the two ends of the fiber. When a bias voltage is applied over the two ends of the fiber, a nonlinear numerical analysis is performed for the current–voltage relation. Both a homogeneous junction with a uniform PS layer and a heterogeneous junction with two different PSs on different sides of the junctions are studied. It is found that overall the homogeneous junction is essentially unaffected by the magnetic field, and the heterojunction is sensitive to the magnetic field with potential applications in piezotronics.

scholarly journals Genetic-based optimization of a multi insulator tunneling diode for THz energy harvesting

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Mazen Shanawani ◽  
Diego Masotti ◽  
Alessandra Costanzo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Dynamic Resistance ◽  
Figures Of Merit ◽  
Tunneling Diodes ◽  
Optimization Framework ◽  
Tunneling Diode ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

AbstractThe deployment of multi-insulator tunneling diodes has recently had more attention to be used as rectifiers in energy harvesting rectennas with good potentiality for a millimeter and terahertz range. However, with the rather complicated math to obtain the current–voltage relation, it is difficult to evaluate the design figures of merit (FOM)s such as asymmetry, nonlinearity, responsivity, and dynamic resistance and monitor the impact of changing physical parameters on them. This complicates the decision-making process for the required physical parameters. In this work, a heuristic optimization framework using genetic algorithm is suggested using the transfer matrix method to find the combination of physical parameters which satisfies the minimum required FOM set by users and weighted by their preference.

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