Strong Evidence for Flavor Oscillation in Atmospheric Neutrinos

Physics Today ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
Bertram Schwarzschild
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Atmospheric Neutrinos ◽  
Flavor Oscillation

scholarly journals Accelerator, Reactor and Atmospheric Neutrino Data: A Three-Flavor Oscillation Analysis

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 781-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srubabati Goswami ◽  
Amitava Raychaudhuri ◽  
Kamales Kar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Atmospheric Neutrino ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Atmospheric Neutrinos ◽  
Mixing Angles ◽  
Oscillation Analysis ◽  
Reactor Neutrinos ◽  
Flavor Oscillation ◽  
Interesting Solution

We perform a three-flavor oscillation analysis of accelerator, reactor and atmospheric neutrino results. Motivated by the experimental data, the mass squared differences are chosen to be Δ12 = Δ13 in the range 0.5–10 eV2 and Δ23 = 10-2 eV2. In such a scenario, the oscillation probabilities for the accelerator and reactor neutrinos involve only two of the mixing angles and one mass scale. But the atmospheric neutrino oscillation is governed by both mass scales and all the three mixing angles. The greater latitude allowed by the scheme leads to some new and interesting solution regions for atmospheric neutrinos in addition to the two-flavor limits usually discussed. However, incorporating the constraints from the previous accelerator searches for neutrino oscillations, a very narrow range of allowed mixing angles survives. This zone is beyond the reach of the on-going accelerator experiments CHORUS and NOMAD with their projected sensitivity.

Concurrent Electrodermal and Eyeblink Conditioning With Masked and Unmasked Stimuli

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
José Luis Marcos ◽  
Azahara Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Unconditioned Stimulus ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
Noise Burst ◽  
Conditioning Phase ◽  
Contingency Awareness ◽  
Blank Screen ◽  
Neutral Face ◽  
Fearful Face

Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine if contingency awareness between the conditioned (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) is necessary for concurrent electrodermal and eyeblink conditioning to masked stimuli. An angry woman’s face (CS+) and a fearful face (CS−) were presented for 23 milliseconds (ms) and followed by a neutral face as a mask. A 98 dB noise burst (US) was administered 477 ms after CS+ offset to elicit both electrodermal and eyeblink responses. For the unmasking conditioning a 176 ms blank screen was inserted between the CS and the mask. Contingency awareness was assessed using trial-by-trial ratings of US-expectancy in a post-conditioning phase. The results showed acquisition of differential electrodermal and eyeblink conditioning in aware, but not in unaware participants. Acquisition of differential eyeblink conditioning required more trials than electrodermal conditioning. These results provided strong evidence of the causal role of contingency awareness on differential eyeblink and electrodermal conditioning.

BLOCKADE OF THE SURGE OF PROLACTIN AT PRO-OESTRUS BY ADMINISTRATION OF ANTI-OESTROGENIC SUBSTANCE, MER-25

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Yokoyama ◽  
Hiroshi Tomogane ◽  
Katuaki Ôta
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand

ABSTRACT A non-steroidal oestrogen antagonist, MER-25, was administered to cycling rats for elucidating the role of oestrogen in the surge of prolactin observed on the afternoon of pro-oestrus (POe). In animals injected with 20 mg of MER-25 intramuscularly on the afternoon (16.30 h) of the first day of dioestrus (D-1), the surge of prolactin was blocked while the level of prolactin on the afternoon of POe of these animals was significantly higher than that of the corresponding controls injected with oil. Ovulation was also blocked in these animals treated with the drug on the afternoon of D-l. On the other hand, treatment on the morning (10.30 h) of the 2nd day of dioestrus failed to prevent not only the surge of prolactin but also ovulation. These observations provide strong evidence for the view that oestrogen is responsible for the surge of prolactin on the afternoon of POe, and that the surge is accompanied by that of LH.

The Sustainable Debts of Philip II

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Drelichman ◽  
Hans-Joachim Voth
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Military Expenditure ◽  
Debt Service ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Philip Ii ◽  
Long Run

This chapter addresses the sustainability of debt. A systematic analysis based on the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) methodology to evaluate fiscal sustainability shows that Castile was able to service its debts in the long run. While liquidity was scarce during periods of intense warfare, years of relative peace brought large surpluses. The data collected from Castile's annual fiscal accounts produced new yearly series of revenue, military expenditure, short-term debt issues, and short-term debt service. The resulting database spans a full 31-year period—enough to employ modern quantitative techniques. This analysis provides strong evidence that Castile's fiscal position in the second half of the sixteenth century was on a solid footing. The chapter then assesses whether the events that led to major downturns in Castile's financial fortunes could have been anticipated.

Konsep Asbāb Al-Nuzūl Menurut Nashr Hamid Abu Zayd

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-118
Author(s):  
Shidqy Munjin
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
The Relationship

This article aims to examine the concept of asbāb al-nuzul which has been misunderstood by ulama and thus produces misleading conclusions. The results of this study indicate that Abu Zayd's criticism of the established concept of asbāb al-nuzūl in the ‘ulūm Al-Qurān was focused on the problem of the relation between the text and realities. According to him, the study of the first scholars was too focused on the Koran itself and the Prophet's person as the recipient of revelation, but they forgot the community around the Prophet which was the most important element of reality that existed at that time. Whereas for Abu Zayd, the existence of asbāb al-nuzūl is strong evidence to show the relationship and dialectic between text and reality. To elaborate on his conception, Abu Zayd elaborated on four basic problems, namely regarding the reasons for the Al-Qur'an's a gradual descent, the gradual model of decline, the concept of Dalāllah in understanding a verse and its relation to asbāb al-nuzūl and finally on how to determine asbāb al-nuzūl.

PHASAL REALIZATIONS IN CLASSROOM DISCOURSE A Systemic-Functional Analysis

TABULARASA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasyuli Simbolon
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Classroom Discourse ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Classroom Interactions ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Primary Instrument

This article examines the phasal realizations characteristic of the classroom discourse. The data are collected by means of audio-visual recordings and transcriptions, and they are analyzed by employing a complementary method of analysis of Young’s model. The primary instrument of this study is the researcher herself, whereas the secondary instruments are (1) classification schemes of the semiotic aspect in focus, (2) data sheets that contain 4 classroom discourse-in-texts, and (3) notes on each classroom discourse-in-text. The findings reveal that the CD-in-text as a whole is typically realized and characterized by the following: (1) Substantiation (SU) as the most prominent macro-function and the Conclusion (CO) as the least prominent, (2) the Interchange (IC) as the most prominent micro-function and the Apology (AP) as the least prominent. Based on the main findings, there is strong evidence to suggest that the ‘semiotic behavior’ of the CD-in-text as a whole is motivated by the goal-oriented need, and the goal to achieve has tended to be more academic-oriented than social-oriented. In this, the teachers as the primary speakers of the classroom interactions have tended to focus on the transformation of intellectual values (academic knowledge/skills) with the least social values involved therein. The most prominently occurring SU macro-function and IC micro-function are clear indicators of this endeavor. The scope and the objectives of this study have been delimited to investigate CD phenomena at the levels of phase and sub-phase.

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