Soft X-ray nanoscale imaging using a sub-pixel resolution charge coupled device (CCD) camera

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 043111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Lübcke ◽  
Julia Braenzel ◽  
Aurelie Dehlinger ◽  
Matthias Schnürer ◽  
Holger Stiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Pixel Resolution ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanoscale Imaging

scholarly journals X-rays only when you want them: optimized pump–probe experiments using pseudo-single-bunch operation

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 729-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Hertlein ◽  
A. Scholl ◽  
A. A. Cordones ◽  
J. H. Lee ◽  
K. Engelhorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Excitation ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Pump Probe ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Sample Damage

Laser pump–X-ray probe experiments require control over the X-ray pulse pattern and timing. Here, the first use of pseudo-single-bunch mode at the Advanced Light Source in picosecond time-resolved X-ray absorption experiments on solutions and solids is reported. In this mode the X-ray repetition rate is fully adjustable from single shot to 500 kHz, allowing it to be matched to typical laser excitation pulse rates. Suppressing undesired X-ray pulses considerably reduces detector noise and improves signal to noise in time-resolved experiments. In addition, dose-induced sample damage is considerably reduced, easing experimental setup and allowing the investigation of less robust samples. Single-shot X-ray exposures of a streak camera detector using a conventional non-gated charge-coupled device (CCD) camera are also demonstrated.

Preliminary Results From A Single-Photon Imaging X-Ray Charge Coupled Device (CCD) Camera

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Griffiths ◽  
G. Polucci ◽  
A. Mak ◽  
S. S. Murray ◽  
D. A. Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Photon Imaging

scholarly journals Stress Analysis by Kossel Microdiffraction on a Nickel-Based Single Crystal Superalloy during an In Situ Tensile Test – Comparison with Classical X-Ray Diffraction

2011 ◽  
Vol 681 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Bouscaud ◽  
Raphaël Pesci ◽  
Sophie Berveiller ◽  
Etienne Patoor
Keyword(s):  
Crystallographic Orientation ◽  
Elastic Strain ◽  
Strain Tensor ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Elastic Strain Tensor

A Kossel microdiffraction experimental set up is under development inside a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) in order to determine the crystallographic orientation as well as the inter- and intragranular strains and stresses. An area of about one cubic micrometer can be analysed using the microscope probe, which enables to study different kinds of elements such as a grain boundary, a crack, a microelectronic component, etc. The diffraction pattern is recorded by a high resolution Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) camera. The crystallographic orientation, the lattice parameters and the elastic strain tensor of the probed area are deduced from the pattern indexation using a homemade software. The purpose of this paper is to report some results achieved up to now to estimate the reliability of the Kossel microdiffraction technique.

Experimental System for X-ray Cone-Beam Microtomography

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanjen Pan ◽  
Wenshan Liou ◽  
Ang Shih ◽  
Mun-Soo Park ◽  
Ge Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Cover Glass ◽  
Pixel Resolution ◽  
Single Plane ◽  
X Ray

A laboratory test of X-ray tomography employing a diverging beam of X-rays rather than the usual parallel X-ray beam is described. We chose to test and demonstrate the advantages of divergent beam tomography by imaging an extracted juvenile human premolar using an ordinary dental X-ray source and a cooled CCD camera. Experiments with a three-piece cover-glass sample and with the human tooth demonstrated that three-dimensional reconstruction can be achieved at 34 μm per pixel resolution employing an X-ray tube spot 800 μm in its smallest direction without requiring close contact with the fluorescent screen. Reconstruction of a 256 x 256 pixel single-plane image from 100 projection images took only 45 sec on a personal computer with a Pentium 166 MHz processor. We have also demonstrated a volume reconstruction of 256 x 256 x 256 voxels from the data. Successful extension of this work to submicrometer projection X-ray microscopy is predicted. Improved resolution of medical tomography is another possible application.

Designing high-resolution slow scan CCD-based TEM camera systems

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 946-947
Author(s):  
James F. Mancuso ◽  
William B. Maxwell ◽  
Russell E. Camp ◽  
Mark H. Ellisman
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Phosphor Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Light Production ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Scintillating Fiber

The imaging requirements for 1000 line CCD camera systems include resolution, sensitivity, and field of view. In electronic camera systems these characteristics are determined primarily by the performance of the electro-optic interface. This component converts the electron image into a light image which is ultimately received by a camera sensor.Light production in the interface occurs when high energy electrons strike a phosphor or scintillator. Resolution is limited by electron scattering and absorption. For a constant resolution, more energy deposition occurs in denser phosphors (Figure 1). In this respect, high density x-ray phosphors such as Gd2O2S are better than ZnS based cathode ray tube phosphors. Scintillating fiber optics can be used instead of a discrete phosphor layer. The resolution of scintillating fiber optics that are used in x-ray imaging exceed 20 1p/mm and can be made very large. An example of a digital TEM image using a scintillating fiber optic plate is shown in Figure 2.

scholarly journals Spectroscopic flat-fields can be used for precision CCD gain and noise tests

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gordon Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Optical Fibres ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Flat Field ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Charge ◽  
Analogue To Digital

Abstract One of the basic parameters of a charge coupled device (CCD) camera is its gain, that is, the number of detected electrons per output Analogue to Digital Unit (ADU). This is normally determined by finding the statistical variances from a series of flat-field exposures with nearly constant levels over substantial areas, and making use of the fact that photon (Poisson) noise has variance equal to the mean. However, when a CCD has been installed in a spectroscopic instrument fed by numerous optical fibres, or with an echelle format, it is no longer possible to obtain illumination that is constant over large areas. Instead of making do with selected small areas, it is shown here that the wide variation of signal level in a spectroscopic ‘flat-field’ can be used to obtain accurate values of the CCD gain, needing only a matched pair of exposures (that differ in their realisation of the noise). Once the gain is known, the CCD readout noise (in electrons) is easily found from a pair of bias frames. Spatial stability of the image in the two flat-fields is important, although correction of minor shifts is shown to be possible, at the expense of further analysis.

3D nanoscale imaging of biological samples with laboratory-based soft X-ray sources

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Dehlinger ◽  
Anne Blechschmidt ◽  
Daniel Grötzsch ◽  
Robert Jung ◽  
Birgit Kanngießer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Samples ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanoscale Imaging

scholarly journals X-ray transmission grating spectrometer with CCD detector for laser plasma studies

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pína ◽  
H. Fiedorowicz ◽  
M. O. Koshevoi ◽  
A. A. Rupasov ◽  
B. Rus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Plasma ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Grating ◽  
Hot Plasma ◽  
Ccd Detector ◽  
Wet Processing

A program is under way to develop methods and instrumentation based on charge-coupled device (CCD) sensors for hot plasma diagnostics. We have developed a new X-ray spectrometer in which a freestanding X-ray transmission grating is coupled to a CCD linear array detector with electronic digitized readout replacing film and its wet processing. This instrument measures time-integrated pulsed X-ray spectra with moderate spectral resolution (δλ ≤ 0.6 nm) over a broad spectral range (0.3–2 keV) with high sensitivity, linearity, and large dynamic range. The performance of the device was tested using laser plasma as the X-ray source.

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