scholarly journals The effect of Sinabung volcanic ash and rock phosphate nanoparticle on CEC (cation exchange capacity) base saturation exchange (K, Na, Ca, Mg) and base saturation at Andisol soils Ciater, West Java

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni Yuniarti ◽  
Mahfud Arifin ◽  
Emma Trinurasi Sofyan ◽  
Betty Natalie ◽  
Rija Sudirja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
West Java

scholarly journals An In Vitro Evaluation of the Capacity of Local Tanzanian Crude Clay and Ash-Based Materials in Binding Aflatoxins in Solution

Toxins ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ayo ◽  
Athanasia Matemu ◽  
Germana Laswai ◽  
Martin Kimanya
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
In Vitro Technique ◽  
Great Health

Aflatoxins in feeds cause great health hazards to animals, and thus eventually to humans as well. The potential of clays from Arusha (AC), Kilimanjaro (KC), the Coast (CC), and Morogoro (MC), as well as volcanic ash (VA) and rice husk ash (RA), were evaluated for their capacity to adsorb aflatoxins B1 (AFB1), B2 (AFB2), G1 (AFG1), and G2 (AFG2) relative to a commercial binder Mycobind® (R) using in vitro technique. On average, CC, VA, KC, MC, AC, RA, and R adsorbed 39.9%, 51.3%, 61.5%, 62.0%, 72.6%, 84.7%, and 98.1% of the total aflatoxins from solution, respectively. The capacity of AC and RA was statistically (p < 0.05) better in binding aflatoxins next to R. The adsorption capacity seemed to follow the trend of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of these materials. The CEC (meq/100 g) of CC, MC, KC, VA, AC, RA, and R were 7.0, 15.4, 18.8, 25.4, 27.2, 27.2, and 38.9, respectively. On average 96.3%, 42.7%, 80.8%, and 32.1% of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2 were adsorbed, respectively. The binding capacity of the clays and ashes relative to Mycobind® was about 100% for AC and RA, 50% for KC, MC, and VA, and 33.3% for CC. The AC and RA seem to be promising resources in binding aflatoxins in solution.

scholarly journals Small relief shape variations influence spatial variability of soil chemical attributes

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zigomar Menezes de Souza ◽  
José Marques Júnior ◽  
Gener Tadeu Pereira ◽  
Diogo Mazza Barbieri
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Management System ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Chemical Attributes

Soils with small variations in relief and under the same management system present differentiated spatial variabilities of their attributes. This variability is a function of soil position in the landscape, even if the relief has little expression. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of relief shape and depth on spatial variability of soil chemical attributes in a Typic Hapludox cultivated with sugar cane at two landscape compartments. Soil samples were collected in the intercrossing points of a grid, in the traffic line, at 0-0.2 m and 0.6-0.8 m depths, comprising a set of 100 georeferenced points. The spatial variabilities of pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, cation exchange capacity and base saturation were quantified. Small relief shape variations lead to differentiated variability in soil chemical attributes as indicated by the dependence on pedoform found for chemical attributes at both 0-0.2 m and 0.6-0.8 m depths. Because of the higher variability, it is advisable to collect large number of samples in areas with concave and convex shapes. Combining relief shapes and geostatistics allows the determination of areas with different spatial variability for soil chemical attributes.

scholarly journals Cation Exchange Capacity and Base Saturation Variation among Alberta, Canada, Moss Peats

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet F.M. Rippy ◽  
Paul V. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Plant Species Composition ◽  
Sphagnum Fuscum ◽  
Initial Ph

Variations in moss peat cation exchange capacity (CEC) and base saturation (BS) can result in inconsistent initial pH in moss peat-based substrates created using standard formulas for limestone additions and can lead to subsequent drift from the initial pH in those substrates. This study was conducted to determine the extent of such variation. CEC and BS were measured in three replications on 64 moss peat samples that were selected from three mires across Alberta, Canada, to represent maximum gradients in plant species composition within six degrees of decomposition acceptable for professional peat-based substrates. CEC ranged from 108 to 162 cmol·kg−1 (meq·100 g). Averaged overall samples, BS ranged from 15% to 71% of CEC and calcium accounted for 68%, magnesium for 25%, sodium for 5%, and potassium for 1.4% of BS. CEC was positively correlated to the amount of Sphagnum fuscum (Schimp.) Klingrr. in the sample (r = 0.22). BS was positively correlated to the amount of sedge (r = 0.28). Neither CEC nor BS was influenced by degree of decomposition (r = 0.002 and r = 0.08, respectively). Moss peats with high CEC have a greater buffering capacity than those with low CEC, resulting in less pH drift. Moss peats with high BS should have a low neutralization requirement to achieve a target pH. Understanding the species composition in peat-based substrates can alleviate problems of inconsistent initial pH and subsequent pH drift.

scholarly journals Chemical properties of long-term irrigated Fluvisols of the Beli Drim river valley in the Klina region (Serbia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Miodrag Tolimir ◽  
Branka Kresović ◽  
Borivoj Pejić ◽  
Katarina Gajić ◽  
Angelina Tapanarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Basic Cations ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

The impact of long-term (> 100 yr) irrigation on soil chemical properties was studied on eight plots in the Beli Drim river valley in Kosovo and Metohija near Klina, Serbia. For these studies, soil samples from shallow profiles were collected from only one or two depth zones of the Ah horizon; and from moderately deep and deep profiles, from two to three depth zones for the purpose of comparing irrigated field and non-irrigated meadow lands. Water from the Beli Drim River and surface gravity systems (irrigation furrows or border strip irrigation) were used for irrigation. Chemical variables included determination of pH-H2O, content of CaCO3, content of humus, hydrolytic acidity, sum of basic cations, cation exchange capacity, and base saturation. On irrigated soils, the results of chemical analysis showed on average a small increase in pH-H2O (0.07 pH units), as well as a significant decrease in humus content (2.00-4.75%), sum of basic cations (4.98-12.98%) and cation exchange capacity (12.8%) compared to the non-irrigated land of the study area. Long-term irrigation had no effect on hydrolytic acidity and base saturation in the Ah horizon of the investigated lands. Namely, the mentioned variations in the chemical properties of the investigated soils show that slight processes of reduction in the humus content and reduction of the content of base cations occured. Data on the chemical properties of the investigated soils indicate that the destructive processes of reduction in the humus content and leaching of base cations must be controlled in order to achieve a stable sustainable system of high productivity and prevent their further deterioration.

Soil fertility changes in the long-term experimental plots at Kybybolite, South Australia. III. Changes in cation exchange capacity and exchangeable cations

1961 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Russell
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Upward Movement ◽  
Exchangeable Calcium ◽  
Exchange Complex

Changes in the cation exchange complex are one of the secondary effects arising out of the increasing organic matter content of soils, due to the influence of phosphorus fertilizers on leguminous pastures. Analysis of solonetzic soils from the long-term Kybybolite P plots indicates that there is a close relation between organic matter increase and increases in cation exchange capacity. For each increase of 0.1 % soil nitrogen, there has been a corresponding increase of 3.48 m-equiv.jl00 g in cation exchange capacity. Associated with these changes there have been increases in the level of exchangeable calcium and exchangeable hydrogen. Changes in exchangeable calcium appear related to the amount and form of fertilizer or amendment applied. Where little calcium has been added, the increase in cation exchange capacity has been satisfied almost entirely by hydrogen, and base saturation has decreased. There appears to have been little upward movement of metal cations from the lower horizons to the surface by plants, possibly owing to the species involved, or to the intractable nature of the B horizon. The possible effects of changes in the cation exchange complex on plant growth are discussed. Also, the possibility of maintaining base saturation on infertile soils where cation exchange capacity is being increased, is examined.

Application of Nanoparticle of Merapi Volcanic Ash and Phosphate-Solubilizing Fungi in Improving Inceptisols Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 1044 ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Rina Devnita ◽  
Apong Sandrawati ◽  
Mahfud Arifin ◽  
Pujawati Suryatmana ◽  
Muhammad Amir Solihin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Microbiology ◽  
Available P ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Soil Physics ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Nanoparticles of Merapi volcanic ash and phosphate-solubilizing fungi were expected to function as ameliorants in improving some Inceptisols characteristics. Nanoparticles of volcanic ash were used in accelerating and streamlining the chemical reaction in the soil. Phosphate-solubilizing fungi were expected to assist the process of several soil reactions. The aim of the research was to improve some chemical characteristics like available P, cation exchange capacity, Fe, and Zn content of Inceptisols in Cilembu Village, Sumedang District, West Java Province, Indonesia. The research used a complete randomized experimental design in factorial with two factors. The first factor was the nanoparticle of Merapi volcanic ash consisted of four doses on soil weight percentage (0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%). The second factor was phosphate-solubilizing fungi consisted of two doses (without and 10 g.kg-1). The volcanic ash was collected from Mt. Merapi, Central Java, after the eruption of November 2010 and kept in the Laboratory of Soil Physics and Conservation in Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The nanoparticle of volcanic ash was processed at Nanotechnology and Graphene Research Centre, Universitas Padjadjaran. The phosphate-solubilizing fungi were isolated from Inceptisols in Soil Microbiology Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran. These treatments were combined and mixed with soils and incubated for three months. Every one month during those three months of the incubation period, some soils were taken to be analyzed of available P, cation exchange capacity (CEC), available Fe, and available Zn. The result showed that there was no interaction between the nanoparticle of Merapi volcanic ash and phosphate-solubilizing fungi to parameters investigated except the CEC after two months of incubation. There was an effect of nanoparticle volcanic ash and phosphate-solubilizing fungi individually to available Fe dan Zn. There was a trend of increasing available P, and CEC and decreasing available Fe and Zn by the longer period of incubation.

The cation exchange capacity of plant roots, and its relationship to the uptake of insoluble nutrients

1961 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 755 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Asher ◽  
PG Ozanne
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Rapid Technique ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

The cation exchange capacity (C.E.C.) of the roots of 20 plant species was measured by a rapid technique not involving toxic reagents or harmful temperatures. Significant differences between the root C.E.C. of various species were found, and with three exceptions, legumes > herbs > grasses. Nitrogen supply had little effect on the legumes and herbs, but significantly increased the C.E.C. of two grasses. The concentrations of calcium and phosphorus in the tops of plants utilizing rock phosphate were each positively correlated with root C.E.C. The concentration of phosphorus was not greater in the tops of plants with relatively large root systems.

scholarly journals Distribution of Soil Fertility of Smallholding Arabica Coffee Farms at Ijen-Raung Highland Areas Based on Altitude and Shade Trees

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niken Puspita sari ◽  
Teguh Iman Santoso ◽  
Surip Mawardi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Base Cation ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Shade Trees ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Soil Fertility Status

Soil fertility is one of the most important factors influencing plant growth and productivity and it depends on the availability and quantity of nutrients in the soil. To study soil fertility status of an area, a study on soil chemistry and physics has to be conducted. The aim of this study was to investigate soil fertility status of smallholding Arabica coffee farms based on altitude and shades trees utilization. This research was carried out in April-August 2012 at IjenRaung highland areas by field survey. The results showed that the soil contained high content of organic carbon, nitrogen total, and C/N ratio; low available phosphorus; moderate to high cation exchange capacity, and low base cation of calcium, magnesium, and potassium; as well as slightly low pH. Higher altitude tended to have higher C organic and N total content, C/N ratio as well as pH. In contrast, in lower altitude tended to have lower available P, base saturation, as well as Ca, Mg, and K content. The dominant shade trees for coffee farming at the Ijen-Raung highland areas were suren (Toona sureni) , dadap (Erythrina sp.), kayumanis (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), pinus (Pinus mercusii), and kayu putih (Eucalyptus globulus). Different shade tree species resulted in different of soil fertility. Shade trees tended to influence cation exchange capacity from moderate to high, pH slightly acid, high base saturation, and low P available. Suren tree influenced better base cation than that of other trees but dadap tree was better in increasing soil fertility. Key word: Soil fertility, arabica coffee, andisol, shade trees, smallholding

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