Near-infrared in situ generation of the higher-energy trans conformer of tribromoacetic acid: Observation of a large-scale matrix-site changing mediated by conformational conversion

2018 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 044303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui F. G. Apóstolo ◽  
Gábor Bazsó ◽  
Gulce Ogruc-Ildiz ◽  
György Tarczay ◽  
Rui Fausto
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Trans Conformer ◽  
Tribromoacetic Acid ◽  
In Situ Generation ◽  
Scale Matrix ◽  
Conformational Conversion

scholarly journals Using Scuba for In Situ Determination of Chlorophyll Distributions in Corals by Underwater Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Thomas Oh ◽  
Jittiwat Sermsripong ◽  
Barry W. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Nir Fluorescence ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging

Studies reporting quantitation and imaging of chlorophyll in corals using visible fluorescent emission in the red near 680 nm can suffer from competing emission from other red-emitting pigments. Here, we report a novel method of selectively imaging chlorophyll distributions in coral in situ using only the near infrared (NIR) fluorescence emission from chlorophyll. Commercially available equipment was assembled that allowed the sequential imaging of visible, visible-fluorescent, and NIR-fluorescent pigments on the same corals. The relative distributions of chlorophyll and fluorescent proteins (GFPs) were examined in numerous corals in the Caribbean Sea, the Egyptian Red Sea, the Indonesian Dampier Strait, and the Florida Keys. Below 2 m depth, solar induced NIR chlorophyll fluorescence can be imaged in daylight without external lighting, thus, it is much easier to do than visible fluorescence imaging done at night. The distributions of chlorophyll and GFPs are unique in every species examined, and while there are some tissues where both fluorophores are co-resident, often tissues are selectively enriched in only one of these fluorescent pigments. Although laboratory studies have clearly shown that GFPs can be photo-protective, their inability to prevent large scale bleaching events in situ may be due to their limited tissue distribution.

scholarly journals A chemo-enzymatic oxidation cascade to activate C–H bonds with in situ generated H2O2

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. Freakley ◽  
Svenja Kochius ◽  
Jacqueline van Marwijk ◽  
Caryn Fenner ◽  
Richard J. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palladium Nanoparticles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reaction Vessel ◽  
Enzymatic Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
In Situ Generation ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
The Stability ◽  
By Products

Abstract Continuous low-level supply or in situ generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is essential for the stability of unspecific peroxygenases, which are deemed ideal biocatalysts for the selective activation of C–H bonds. To envisage potential large scale applications of combined catalytic systems the reactions need to be simple, efficient and produce minimal by-products. We show that gold-palladium nanoparticles supported on TiO2 or carbon have sufficient activity at ambient temperature and pressure to generate H2O2 from H2 and O2 and supply the oxidant to the engineered unspecific heme-thiolate peroxygenase PaDa-I. This tandem catalyst combination facilitates efficient oxidation of a range of C-H bonds to hydroxylated products in one reaction vessel with only water as a by-product under conditions that could be easily scaled.

In Situ Generation of Surface Plasmon Polaritons Using a Near-Infrared Laser Diode

Nano Letters ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 4693-4697 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Costantini ◽  
L. Greusard ◽  
A. Bousseksou ◽  
R. Rungsawang ◽  
T. P. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Laser Diode ◽  
Surface Plasmon Polaritons ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Laser ◽  
In Situ Generation ◽  
Plasmon Polaritons

Highly diastereo- and enantioselective organocatalytic synthesis of trifluoromethylated erythritols based on the in situ generation of unstable trifluoroacetaldehyde

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumasa Funabiki ◽  
Toshiya Gotoh ◽  
Ryunosuke Kani ◽  
Toshiyasu Inuzuka ◽  
Yasuhiro Kubota
Keyword(s):  
Trifluoromethyl Group ◽  
In Situ Generation

A highly diastereo- and enantioselective organocatalytic method to synthesise erythritols bearing a trifluoromethyl group has been investigated.

Recent advances in Minisci-type reactions and applications in organic synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wengui Wang ◽  
Shoufeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Radical Reactivity ◽  
Atom Loss ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
In Situ Generation ◽  
Thermal Cleavage ◽  
Synthetic Chemist

Abstract:: Minisci-type reactions have become widely known as reactions that involve the addition of carbon-centered radicals to basic heteroarenes followed by formal hydrogen atom loss. While the originally developed protocols for radical generation remain in active use today, in recent years by a new array of radical generation strategies allow use of a wider variety of radical precursors that often operate under milder and more benign conditions. New transformations based on free radical reactivity are now available to a synthetic chemist looking to utilize a Minisci-type reaction. Radical-generation methods based on photoredox catalysis and electrochemistry, which utilize thermal cleavage or the in situ generation of reactive radical precursors, have become popular approaches. Our review will cover the remarkably literature that has appeared on this topic in recent 5 years, from 2015-01 to 2020-01, in an attempt to provide guidance to the synthetic chemist, on both the challenges that have been overcome and applications in organic synthesis.

scholarly journals IMPROVING SYSTEM READINESS, STAFF PREPAREDNESS AND PATIENT SAFETY IN A NEW SINGLE FAMILY ROOM NICU THROUGH IN SITU SIMULATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. e16-e16
Author(s):  
Ahmed Moussa ◽  
Audrey Larone-Juneau ◽  
Laura Fazilleau ◽  
Marie-Eve Rochon ◽  
Justine Giroux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Single Family ◽  
In Situ Simulation ◽  
Ensure Patient Safety ◽  
System Readiness ◽  
Dependent Samples

Abstract BACKGROUND Transitions to new healthcare environments can negatively impact patient care and threaten patient safety. Immersive in situ simulation conducted in newly constructed single family room (SFR) Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) prior to occupancy, has been shown to be effective in testing new environments and identifying latent safety threats (LSTs). These simulations overlay human factors to identify LSTs as new and existing process and systems are implemented in the new environment OBJECTIVES We aimed to demonstrate that large-scale, immersive, in situ simulation prior to the transition to a new SFR NICU improves: 1) systems readiness, 2) staff preparedness, 3) patient safety, 4) staff comfort with simulation, and 5) staff attitude towards culture change. DESIGN/METHODS Multidisciplinary teams of neonatal healthcare providers (HCP) and parents of former NICU patients participated in large-scale, immersive in-situ simulations conducted in the new NICU prior to occupancy. One eighth of the NICU was outfitted with equipment and mannequins and staff performed in their native roles. Multidisciplinary debriefings, which included parents, were conducted immediately after simulations to identify LSTs. Through an iterative process issues were resolved and additional simulations conducted. Debriefings were documented and debriefing transcripts transcribed and LSTs classified using qualitative methods. To assess systems readiness and staff preparedness for transition into the new NICU, HCPs completed surveys prior to transition, post-simulation and post-transition. Systems readiness and staff preparedness were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Average survey responses were analyzed using dependent samples t-tests and repeated measures ANOVAs. RESULTS One hundred eight HCPs and 24 parents participated in six half-day simulation sessions. A total of 75 LSTs were identified and were categorized into eight themes: 1) work organization, 2) orientation and parent wayfinding, 3) communication devices/systems, 4) nursing and resuscitation equipment, 5) ergonomics, 6) parent comfort; 7) work processes, and 8) interdepartmental interactions. Prior to the transition to the new NICU, 76% of the LSTs were resolved. Survey response rate was 31%, 16%, 7% for baseline, post-simulation and post-move surveys, respectively. System readiness at baseline was 1.3/5,. Post-simulation systems readiness was 3.5/5 (p = 0.0001) and post-transition was 3.9/5 (p = 0.02). Staff preparedness at baseline was 1.4/5. Staff preparedness post-simulation was 3.3/5 (p = 0.006) and post-transition was 3.9/5 (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Large-scale, immersive in situ simulation is a feasible and effective methodology for identifying LSTs, improving systems readiness and staff preparedness in a new SFR NICU prior to occupancy. However, to optimize patient safety, identified LSTs must be mitigated prior to occupancy. Coordinating large-scale simulations is worth the time and cost investment necessary to optimize systems and ensure patient safety prior to transition to a new SFR NICU.

scholarly journals An optical observational cluster mass function at z ∼ 1 with the ORELSE survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 502 (3) ◽  
pp. 3942-3954
Author(s):  
D Hung ◽  
B C Lemaux ◽  
R R Gal ◽  
A R Tomczak ◽  
L M Lubin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Voronoi Tessellation ◽  
Cosmological Parameters ◽  
Mass Range ◽  
Mass Function ◽  
Cluster Mass ◽  
Theoretical Mass

ABSTRACT We present a new mass function of galaxy clusters and groups using optical/near-infrared (NIR) wavelength spectroscopic and photometric data from the Observations of Redshift Evolution in Large-Scale Environments (ORELSE) survey. At z ∼ 1, cluster mass function studies are rare regardless of wavelength and have never been attempted from an optical/NIR perspective. This work serves as a proof of concept that z ∼ 1 cluster mass functions are achievable without supplemental X-ray or Sunyaev-Zel’dovich data. Measurements of the cluster mass function provide important contraints on cosmological parameters and are complementary to other probes. With ORELSE, a new cluster finding technique based on Voronoi tessellation Monte Carlo (VMC) mapping, and rigorous purity and completeness testing, we have obtained ∼240 galaxy overdensity candidates in the redshift range 0.55 < z < 1.37 at a mass range of 13.6 < log (M/M⊙) < 14.8. This mass range is comparable to existing optical cluster mass function studies for the local universe. Our candidate numbers vary based on the choice of multiple input parameters related to detection and characterization in our cluster finding algorithm, which we incorporated into the mass function analysis through a Monte Carlo scheme. We find cosmological constraints on the matter density, Ωm, and the amplitude of fluctuations, σ8, of $\Omega _{m} = 0.250^{+0.104}_{-0.099}$ and $\sigma _{8} = 1.150^{+0.260}_{-0.163}$. While our Ωm value is close to concordance, our σ8 value is ∼2σ higher because of the inflated observed number densities compared to theoretical mass function models owing to how our survey targeted overdense regions. With Euclid and several other large, unbiased optical surveys on the horizon, VMC mapping will enable optical/NIR cluster cosmology at redshifts much higher than what has been possible before.

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