Utilization of oil palm ash as an reinforcing filler in natural rubber biocomposites

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chutarat Malawet ◽  
Methakarn Jarnthong ◽  
Punyanich Intharapat ◽  
Lusheng Liao ◽  
Fuquan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Palm Ash ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

Effect of Ashes as Biomass in Silica Filled Natural Rubber

2017 ◽  
Vol 735 ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Wasinee Pinpat ◽  
Wirunya Keawwattana ◽  
Siree Tangbunsuk
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Compression Set ◽  
Cure Time ◽  
Oil Palm Ash ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

Silica has been used as reinforcing filler in natural rubber for a period of time as it results in excellent properties for NR vulcanizes. Rice husk ash (RHA), bagasse ash (BA), and oil palm ash (OPA) obtained from agricultural wastes are mainly composed of silica in the percentage of 80.00%, 57.33%, and 40.20% by weight, respectively. The effect of these fillers on cure characteristics and mechanical properties of natural rubber materials at fixed silica content at 35 parts per hundred of rubber (phr) were investigated. The results indicated that ashes showed greater cure time compared to that of the silica. The incorporation of ashes into natural rubber gradually improved compression set but significantly decreased tensile strength, elongation at break, and resilience. Moreover, young's modulus increased, while hardness showed no significant change with the addition of ashes. Overall results indicated that ashes could be used as cheaper fillers for natural rubber materials where improved mechanical properties were not critical.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Ultra-Fine Oil Palm Ash Powder by Ultrasonication and Alkaline Treatment for Its Evaluation as Reinforcing Filler in Natural Rubber

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Methakarn Jarnthong ◽  
Chutarat Malawet ◽  
Lusheng Liao ◽  
Puwang Li ◽  
Zheng Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Oil Palm Ash

Ultra-fine oil palm ash (OPA) particles were successfully prepared using ultrasonication along with optimal chemical deagglomeration. The influence of chemical treatment by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution on the OPA particles was found to be an important factor in enhancing deagglomeration efficiency. The average particle size of the original OPA (41.651 μm) decreased remarkably more than 130 times (0.318 μm) with an obvious increase of Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) surface area after treating the OPA with 3M NaOH, followed by ultrasonication for 30 min. The changes in particle size and surface morphology were investigated using transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the chemical functional groups of the untreated and treated OPA showed different patterns of infrared spectra by the presence of sodium carbonate species owing to the effect of NaOH treatment. The incorporation of both untreated and treated OPA in natural rubber by increasing their loading can improve cure characteristics (i.e., reducing optimum cure time and increasing torques) and cure kinetic parameters (i.e., increasing the rate of cure and reducing activation energy). Nevertheless, the strength, degree of reinforcement, and thermal stability of treated OPA as well as wettability between treated OPA particles and NR were greater than that resulting from the untreated OPA.

Chemically modified oil palm ash-filled natural rubber composites and its properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-697
Author(s):  
Zhong Xian Ooi ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
Azhar Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Natural Rubber Composites ◽  
Oil Palm Ash

scholarly journals Effect of Oil Palm Ash on the Properties of Polypropylene/Recycled Natural Rubber Gloves/Oil Palm Ash Composites

BioResources ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
Tan Boon Khoon ◽  
Nabil Hayeemasae ◽  
Salmah Husseinsyah
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Palm Ash
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