Microscopic origin of the fragile to strong crossover in supercooled water: The role of activated processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 146 (8) ◽  
pp. 084502 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. De Marzio ◽  
G. Camisasca ◽  
M. Rovere ◽  
P. Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Supercooled Water ◽  
Activated Processes ◽  
Microscopic Origin

Modeling of Atomistic Processes in Semiconductors: from Defect Signatures to a Hierarchy of Annealing Mechanisms

2006 ◽  
Vol 978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Bockstedte
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
The Self ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Dopant Activation ◽  
Defect Centers ◽  
The Density Functional Theory ◽  
Modeling And Experiments ◽  
Microscopic Origin

AbstractThe modeling of atomistic processes in semiconductors based on the density functional theory is outlined. The role of intrinsic defects in the self and dopant diffusion, as well as in the dopant activation is investigated for the case of silicon carbide. A hierarchy of annealing mechanisms for vacancies and interstitials is proposed. The identification of the microscopic origin of experimental defect centers by calculated defect signatures establishes a link between theoretical modeling and experiments.

scholarly journals Crucial role of fragmented and isolated defects in persistent relaxation of deeply supercooled water

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 (12) ◽  
pp. 124504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Saito ◽  
Biman Bagchi ◽  
Iwao Ohmine
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Supercooled Water

scholarly journals Fast increase of nanofluidic slip in supercooled water: the key role of dynamics

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (39) ◽  
pp. 20396-20403
Author(s):  
Cecilia Herrero ◽  
Gabriele Tocci ◽  
Samy Merabia ◽  
Laurent Joly
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Wall Slip ◽  
Supercooled Water ◽  
Fast Increase

Wall slip unexpectedly increases quickly in supercooled water, with foreseeable consequences for its nanoconfined dynamics and phase behavior.

The Role of Small Soluble Aerosols in the Microphysics of Deep Maritime Clouds

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2787-2807 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Khain ◽  
V. Phillips ◽  
N. Benmoshe ◽  
A. Pokrovsky
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Velocity ◽  
Cloud Condensation Nuclei ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Supercooled Water ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Cloud Base ◽  
Droplet Concentration ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Drop Size Distributions

Abstract Some observational evidence—such as bimodal drop size distributions, comparatively high concentrations of supercooled drops at upper levels, high concentrations of small ice crystals in cloud anvils leading to high optical depth, and lightning in the eyewalls of hurricanes—indicates that the traditional view of the microphysics of deep tropical maritime clouds requires, possibly, some revisions. In the present study it is shown that the observed phenomena listed above can be attributed to the presence of small cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) with diameters less than about 0.05 μm. An increase in vertical velocity above cloud base can lead to an increase in supersaturation and to activation of the smallest CCN, resulting in production of new droplets several kilometers above the cloud base. A significant increase in supersaturation can be also caused by a decrease in droplet concentration during intense warm rain formation accompanied by an intense vertical velocity. This increase in supersaturation also can trigger in-cloud nucleation and formation of small droplets. Another reason for an increase in supersaturation and in-cloud nucleation can be riming, resulting in a decrease in droplet concentration. It has been shown that successive growth of new nucleated droplets increases supercooled water content and leads to significant ice crystal concentrations aloft. The analysis of the synergetic effect of the smallest CCN and giant CCN on production of supercooled water and ice crystals in cloud anvils allows reconsideration of the role of giant CCN. Significant effects of small aerosols on precipitation and cloud updrafts have been found. The possible role of these small aerosols as well as small aerosols with combination of giant CCN in creating conditions favorable for lightning in deep maritime clouds is discussed.

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