Mechanical properties of polyamide 12 after exposed to biodiesel

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto A. Nascimento ◽  
Adriana M. Catelli de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyamide 12

Phase Morphology, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Compatibilized Nylon12/Natural Rubber Blends Using PS/MNR

2013 ◽  
Vol 844 ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
Saravalee Saengthaveep ◽  
Sadhan C. Jana ◽  
Rathanawan Magaraphan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Rubber Particle ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Phase Morphology ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Binary Blend ◽  
Polyamide 12 ◽  
The Impact

To produce a tough material for application demanding high impact resistance and low moisture absorption, melt blending of Nylon12 (Polyamide 12, PA12) and natural rubber (NR) was carried out in a brabender plasticorder at 210 °C with rotor speed of 70 rpm in the presence of polystyrene/maleated natural rubber (PS/MNR) blend as a compatibilizer. The effect of compatibilizer content (1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 phr) on phase morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties of [Nylon12/NR]/[PS/MNR] blends was investigated by using SEM, DSC, and Izod impact tester, respectively. The result revealed that PS/MNR blend improved the compatibility of Nylon12/NR blends efficiently due to the presence of amide linkage at the interfaces from the reaction between the reactive groups of MNR and the NH2 end groups of Nylon12 during mixing. A fine phase morphology (good dispersion and small dispersed phase size of NR domains in Nylon12 matrix) of [Nylon12/NR]/[PS/MNR] blends was observed at the optimum compatibilizer content of 7 phr, relating to the improvement of mechanical property. The impact energy of [Nylon12/NR]/[PS/MNR] blends was 503 J/m higher than that of neat Nylon12 (115 J/m) and Nylon12/NR binary blend (241 J/m) due to the toughening effect of rubber and proper morphology. The melting temperature of all blends did not change obviously from thermal analysis. However, the presence of rubber particle obstructed the crystallization of Nylon12 phase, leading to the decreasing of %crystallinity from 93% to around 70%.

scholarly journals Polyamide 12/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube and Carbon Black Nanocomposites Manufactured by 3D Printing Fused Filament Fabrication: A Comparison of the Electrical, Thermoelectric, and Mechanical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Nectarios Vidakis ◽  
Markos Petousis ◽  
Lazaros Tzounis ◽  
Emmanuel Velidakis ◽  
Nikolaos Mountakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Polyamide 12

In this study, nanocomposites with polyamide 12 (PA12) as the polymer matrix and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and carbon black (CB) at different loadings (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 wt.%) as fillers, were produced in 3D printing filament form by melt mixing extrusion process. The filament was then used to build specimens with the fused filament fabrication (FFF) three-dimensional (3D) printing process. The aim was to produce by FFF 3D printing, electrically conductive and thermoelectric functional specimens with enhanced mechanical properties. All nanocomposites’ samples were electrically conductive at filler loadings above the electrical percolation threshold. The highest thermoelectric performance was obtained for the PA12/CNT nanocomposite at 10.0 wt.%. The static tensile and flexural mechanical properties, as well as the Charpy’s impact and Vickers microhardness, were determined. The highest improvement in mechanical properties was observed for the PA12/CNT nanocomposites at 5.0 wt.% filler loading. The fracture mechanisms were identified by fractographic analyses of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images acquired from fractured surfaces of tensile tested specimens. The nanocomposites produced could find a variety of applications such as; 3D-printed organic thermoelectric materials for plausible large-scale thermal energy harvesting applications, resistors for flexible circuitry, and piezoresistive sensors for strain sensing.

Influence of energy density on polyamide 12 processed by SLS: from physical and mechanical properties to microstructural and crystallization evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Czelusniak ◽  
Fred Lacerda Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Polymer Degradation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Polyamide 12 ◽  
Line Spacing ◽  
Scan Line

Purpose This paper aims to provide a detailed study on influence of the laser energy density on mechanical, surface and dimensional properties of polyamide 12 (PA12) parts produced by selective laser sintering (SLS), providing the microstructural and crystallization evolution of the samples produced at different energy densities. Design/methodology/approach Making use of a space filling design of experiments, a wide range of laser sintering parameters is covered. Surface morphology is assessed by means of profile measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Mechanical testing, SEM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to assess the influence of energy density on structural and mechanical properties. Findings Results show a high dependency of the properties on the laser energy density and also a compromise existing between laser exposure parameters and desired properties of laser sintered parts. Surface roughness could be associated to overlap degree when using higher scan line spacing values and lower laser speeds improved surface roughness when high scan line spacing is used. Higher mechanical properties were found at higher energy density levels, but excessively high energy density decreased mechanical properties. A transition from brittle to ductile fracture with increasing energy density could be clearly observed by mechanical analysis and SEM. XRD and DSC measurements show a decrease on the crystal fraction with increasing energy densities, which corroborated the plastic behavior observed, and FTIR measurements revealed polymer degradation through chain scission might occur at too high energy densities. Originality/value Valuable guidelines are given regarding energy density optimization for SLS of PA12 considering not only quality criteria but also microstructure characteristics. Surface properties are studied based on the concept of degree of overlap between laser scanning lines. For the first time, crystallization behavior of SLS PA12 parts produced at different energy levels was studied by means of XRD measurements. Polymer degradation of SLS PA12 parts was evaluated with FTIR, which is a non-destructive and easy test to be conducted.

scholarly journals Plasticizer loss in a complex system (polyamide 12): Kinetics, prediction and its effects on mechanical properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 108985
Author(s):  
Xin-Feng Wei ◽  
Kai J. Kallio ◽  
Stefan Bruder ◽  
Martin Bellander ◽  
Mikael S. Hedenqvist
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyamide 12

scholarly journals Investigation of Crystalline and Tensile Properties of Carbon Nanotube-Filled Polyamide-12 Fibers Melt-Spun by Industry-Related Processes

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 155892501200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjukta Chatterjee ◽  
Felix A. Reifler ◽  
Bryan T. Chu ◽  
Rudolf Hufenus
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Polymer Fibers ◽  
High Tensile Strength ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polyamide 12 ◽  
Industrial Standards ◽  
Crystalline Domains

This paper addresses the influence of carbon nanotubes (CNT) on the structure and mechanical properties of high tensile strength thermoplastic polymer fibers. Polyamide (PA) fibers with different draw ratios, with and without CNTs as fillers, and having mechanical properties close to industrial standards were spun in a pilot melt spinning plant. The morphology of the fibers was investigated using optical microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 2-D wide angle x-ray diffraction (WAXD). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was carried out to get an estimate of the crystallinity. For a concise interpretation of the results of the tensile measurements performed on the fibers, a parameter was developed to account for the detrimental influence of polymer extrusion on their mechanical properties. The CNTs seemed to act as sites for the growth of un-oriented crystalline domains converted from oriented regions, without yielding a mechanical reinforcing effect.

Mechanical properties of radiation cross linked polyamide 12 after vacuum thermoforming

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Andreas Seefried ◽  
Martina Heinle ◽  
Dietmar Drummer
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyamide 12

scholarly journals Effect of layered silicate reinforcement on the structure and mechanical properties of spent polyamide-12 nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 1363-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Aldousiri ◽  
H.N. Dhakal ◽  
S. Onuh ◽  
Z.Y. Zhang ◽  
N. Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Layered Silicate ◽  
Polyamide 12
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