scholarly journals Fabrication and investigation of three-dimensional ferroelectric capacitors for the application of FeRAM

AIP Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 035128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Pin Yeh ◽  
Marco Lisker ◽  
Bodo Kalkofen ◽  
Edmund P. Burte
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ferroelectric Capacitors

Sidewalls contribution in integrated three-dimensional Sr0.8Bi2.2Ta2O9-based ferroelectric capacitors

2005 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 073502 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Menou ◽  
Ch. Turquat ◽  
V. Madigou ◽  
Ch. Muller ◽  
L. Goux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ferroelectric Capacitors

Composition control and ferroelectric properties of sidewalls in integrated three-dimensional SrBi2Ta2O9-based ferroelectric capacitors

2005 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 054507 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Goux ◽  
J. G. Lisoni ◽  
M. Schwitters ◽  
V. Paraschiv ◽  
D. Maes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Composition Control ◽  
Ferroelectric Capacitors

Microstructural analysis of integrated pin-shaped two-dimensional and three-dimensional ferroelectric capacitors from micro-focused synchrotron X-ray techniques

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Menou ◽  
Ch. Muller ◽  
L. Goux ◽  
R. Barrett ◽  
J. G. Lisoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Planar Geometry ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Ferroelectric Capacitors

Future development of ferroelectric random access memory requires the integration of three-dimensional ferroelectric capacitors (FeCAP) in a microelectronic architecture. In this paper, pin-shaped two-dimensional and three-dimensional Sr0.8Bi2.2Ta2O9-based FeCAP arrays were characterized using an original approach combining micro-focused synchrotron X-ray fluorescence and diffraction. From a modelling approach, dimensional, chemical and microstructural details were extracted over a series of capacitor arrays. Hence, these techniques proved insightful for a non-destructive benchmarking approach. In addition, for all investigated capacitor geometries, the micro-fluorescence experiments evidenced a well controlled chemical composition within the FeCAP arrays, attesting the stability of the elaboration and integration steps. Nevertheless, micro-diffraction experiments have indicated a lower control of the ferroelectric film crystallographic orientation from one capacitor to the next, despite a well defined chemical composition. This feature was attributed to the presence of patterned bottom electrodes, bringing to light the role of the slanted capacitor sidewalls in the three-dimensional geometry and partially explaining the non-optimized electrical polarization usually measured in three-dimensional capacitors with respect to planar geometry.

The orbit of Pluto over a long interval of time

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 227-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Orbit ◽  
Numerical Integration ◽  
Restricted Problem ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Circular Restricted Problem ◽  
Resonance Relation

The paper presents a summary of the results obtained by C. J. Cohen and E. C. Hubbard, who established by numerical integration that a resonance relation exists between the orbits of Neptune and Pluto. The problem may be explored further by approximating the motion of Pluto by that of a particle with negligible mass in the three-dimensional (circular) restricted problem. The mass of Pluto and the eccentricity of Neptune's orbit are ignored in this approximation. Significant features of the problem appear to be the presence of two critical arguments and the possibility that the orbit may be related to a periodic orbit of the third kind.

Conformation of Ribosomes from Escherichia Coli

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
M. Boublik ◽  
W. Hellmann ◽  
F. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Protein Biosynthesis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
And Function

The present knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of ribosomes is far too limited to enable a complete understanding of the various roles which ribosomes play in protein biosynthesis. The spatial arrangement of proteins and ribonuclec acids in ribosomes can be analysed in many ways. Determination of binding sites for individual proteins on ribonuclec acid and locations of the mutual positions of proteins on the ribosome using labeling with fluorescent dyes, cross-linking reagents, neutron-diffraction or antibodies against ribosomal proteins seem to be most successful approaches. Structure and function of ribosomes can be correlated be depleting the complete ribosomes of some proteins to the functionally inactive core and by subsequent partial reconstitution in order to regain active ribosomal particles.

Ultrastructural Investigations of the Contractile Filaments of Amoebae

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
P.L. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Amoeboid Movement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Complete Interpretation

Previous freeze fracture results on the intact giant, amoeba Chaos carolinensis indicated the presence of a fibrillar arrangement of filaments within the cytoplasm. A complete interpretation of the three dimensional ultrastructure of these structures, and their possible role in amoeboid movement was not possible, since comparable results could not be obtained with conventional fixation of intact amoebae. Progress in interpreting the freeze fracture images of amoebae required a more thorough understanding of the different types of filaments present in amoebae, and of the ways in which they could be organized while remaining functional.The recent development of a calcium sensitive, demembranated, amoeboid model of Chaos carolinensis has made it possible to achieve a better understanding of such functional arrangements of amoeboid filaments. In these models the motility of demembranated cytoplasm can be controlled in vitro, and the chemical conditions necessary for contractility, and cytoplasmic streaming can be investigated. It is clear from these studies that “fibrils” exist in amoeboid models, and that they are capable of contracting along their length under conditions similar to those which cause contraction in vertebrate muscles.

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