scholarly journals Recent developments of ion sources for life-science studies at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (invited)

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 02C107 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kitagawa ◽  
A. G. Drentje ◽  
T. Fujita ◽  
M. Muramatsu ◽  
K. Fukushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Science ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Ion Sources ◽  
Recent Developments

scholarly journals Recent developments in particle yield fluctuation measurements

2019 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Igor Altsybeev
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Average Transverse Momentum ◽  
Correlation Studies ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Particle Yield ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Dynamical Fluctuations

In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, properties of the initial state and effects arising during evolution of the medium, such as a transition between the hadronic and partonic phases, should reflect themselves in event-by-event fluctuations of the number of produced particles. In this paper, recentmeasurements of several event-by-event observables, namely, dynamical fluctuations of relative particle yields and forwardbackward correlations of different types, are discussed. Also, new observables for forward-backward correlation studies are proposed: correlations between ratios of identified particle yields in two separated acceptance intervals and the correlation between the ratio in one interval and average transverse momentum in another.

Bottom-Up Synthetic Biology: Engineering in a Tinkerer’s World

Science ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 333 (6047) ◽  
pp. 1252-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Schwille
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Literal Interpretation ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Systematic Construction ◽  
Science Discipline ◽  
Recent Developments

How synthetic can “synthetic biology” be? A literal interpretation of the name of this new life science discipline invokes expectations of the systematic construction of biological systems with cells being built module by module—from the bottom up. But can this possibly be achieved, taking into account the enormous complexity and redundancy of living systems, which distinguish them quite remarkably from design features that characterize human inventions? There are several recent developments in biology, in tight conjunction with quantitative disciplines, that may bring this literal perspective into the realm of the possible. However, such bottom-up engineering requires tools that were originally designed by nature’s greatest tinkerer: evolution.

Multiple arc ion sources for heavy ion fusion

1990 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 553-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Rutkowski ◽  
R. M. Johnson ◽  
W. G. Greenway ◽  
M. A. Gross ◽  
D. W. Hewett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Ion Sources ◽  
Heavy Ion Fusion

Foreword: Nuclear methods in magnetism

1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Keyword(s):  
Kondo Effect ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Magnetic Behaviour ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Electron Configuration ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Recoil Implantation ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Basic Features

Usually, the occurrence of magnetism on isolated, substitutional 3d, 4d and 5d impurity ions in metals is restricted to certain 3d ions (mainly Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) in alloying metallic systems. The application of the perturbed γ-ray distribution method following heavy ion reactions and recoil implantation has offered an experimental technique for producing and investigating new magnetic systems. Of special importance are nonalloying systems, which can exhibit extreme variations of e.g. density of states and atomic volume in the probe–host combinations produced by recoil implantation. Recent developments in this field include the following: Magnetism and the Kondo effect observed for 43Sc ions in alkali metal hosts are found to be consistent with a nearly localised, ionic 3d1 single-electron configuration, and parallel the behaviour observed in certain Ce systems. More generally, essential features of the magnetism of 3d and 4d ions in sp metal hosts are similar to those of 4f systems. Recent experimental and theoretical studies of 54Fe in d-band metal hosts are of key importance for an understanding of the basic features of local moment formation on substitutional Fe ions in transition metal hosts in general. In many nonalloying 54Fe probe-host combinations, (at least) two different magnetic responses have been detected. These components correspond to substitutional and interstitial sites of the implanted probes, as has been verified by in-beam Mössbauer spectroscopy of 57Fe in a series of host metals. This provides new insight into lattice site occupation as a function of host properties and allows directed investigations of the magnetic behaviour of Fe (and Mo) ions on interstitial lattice sites. Depending on the host metal, interstitial Fe is found to be nonmagnetic, e.g. in Zr, or magnetic, e.g. in Yb. Surprisingly, even the 4d ion Mo can be magnetic on interstitial sites. The experimental results for the substitutional as well as the interstitial sites can be compared to extensive theoretical work within the framework of local spin density calculations.

Status of ion sources for the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator HIMAC

1996 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 962-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kitagawa ◽  
S. Yamada ◽  
M. Muramatsu ◽  
H. Ogawa ◽  
Y. Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Ion Sources
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