Experimental characterization of plasma formation and shockwave propagation induced by high power pulsed underwater electrical discharge

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 063701 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Claverie ◽  
J. Deroy ◽  
M. Boustie ◽  
G. Avrillaud ◽  
A. Chuvatin ◽  
...  
2014 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Rosenstein ◽  
Avry Shirakov ◽  
Daniel Belker ◽  
Amiel A. Ishaaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 8043-8052 ◽  
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Misbah Niamat ◽  
Shoaib Sarfraz ◽  
Essam Shehab ◽  
Sikiru Oluwarotimi Ismail ◽  
Qazi Salman Khalid

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Hiroyuki Daido ◽  
Tomonori Yamada ◽  
Akihiko Nishimura ◽  
Noboru Hasegawa ◽  
...  

2002 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Gan ◽  
C. V. Thompson ◽  
K. L. Pey ◽  
W. K. Choi ◽  
F. Wei ◽  
...  

AbstractElectromigration experiments have been carried out on simple Cu dual-damascene interconnect tree structures consisting of straight via-to-via (or contact-to-contact) lines with an extra via in the middle of the line. As with Al-based interconnects, the reliability of a segment in this tree strongly depends on the stress conditions of the connected segment. Beyond this, there are important differences in the results obtained under similar test conditions for Al-based and Cu-based interconnect trees. These differences are thought to be associated with variations in the architectural schemes of the two metallizations. The absence of a conducting electromigrationresistant overlayer in Cu technology, and the possibility of liner rupture at stressed vias lead to significant differences in tree reliabilities in Cu compared to Al.


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