Cahn–Hilliard theory with triple-parabolic free energy. II. Nucleation and growth in the presence of a metastable crystalline phase

2000 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 2410-2419 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Gránásy ◽  
David W. Oxtoby
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Nucleation And Growth

scholarly journals Nucleation and Growth of Ice Crystals Upon Crystalline Substrates

1960 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 408 ◽  
Author(s):  
NH Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Energy Barrier ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Free Energy Barrier ◽  
Surface Imperfections ◽  
Nucleation Sites ◽  
Entropy Effect

The importance of various surface imperfections in the nucleation of ice crystals iR considered and it is concluded that dislocations are not preferred nucleation sites, whereas steps and re-entrant corners do encourage nucleation. Expressions are derived for the height of the free energy barrier in several important cases, and the retention of embryos under unsaturated conditions is discussed. Embryos initially grow by twodimensional nucleation, but ultimately a dislocation growth mechanism becomes more important. There is not yet enough experimental evidence to decide upon the reality of the entropy effect, previousl:y- proposed, which inhibits nucleation upon certain CITRta] faces.

Effective Surface Free Energy of Crystalline Phase Nuclei

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 634-641
Author(s):  
V. G. Baidakov ◽  
K. R. Protsenko
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Effective Surface

Silver chlorobromide nanocubes with significantly improved uniformity: synthesis and assembly into photonic crystals

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Li ◽  
John S. Okasinski ◽  
David J. Gosztola ◽  
Yang Ren ◽  
Yugang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Nucleation And Growth

Silver chlorobromide nanocubes with a highly pure crystalline phase and mono-dispersed size distribution are prepared by deliberately tuning the nucleation and growth process.

scholarly journals Investigation of Nucleation and Growth at a Liquid–Liquid Interface by Solvent Exchange and Synchrotron Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elyse A. Schriber ◽  
Daniel J. Rosenberg ◽  
Ryan P. Kelly ◽  
Anita Ghodsi ◽  
J. Nathan Hohman
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Organic Ligand ◽  
Interfacial Free Energy ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Inorganic Element ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silver Chalcogenide ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

Hybrid nanomaterials possess complex architectures that are driven by a self-assembly process between an inorganic element and an organic ligand. The properties of these materials can often be tuned by organic ligand variation, or by swapping the inorganic element. This enables the flexible fabrication of tailored hybrid materials with a rich variety of properties for technological applications. Liquid-liquid interfaces are useful for synthesizing these compounds as precursors can be segregated and allowed to interact only at the interface. Although procedurally straightforward, this is a complex reaction in an environment that is not easy to probe. Here, we explore the interfacial crystallization of mithrene, a supramolecular multi-quantum well. This material sandwiches a well-defined silver-chalcogenide layer between layers of organic ligands. Controlling mithrene crystal size and morphology to be useful for applications requires understanding details of its crystal growth, but the specific mechanism for this reaction remain only lightly investigated. We performed a study of mithrene crystallization at an oil-water interfaces to elucidate how the interfacial free energy affects nucleation and growth. We exchanged the oil solvent on the basis of solvent viscosity and surface tension, modifying the dynamic contact angle and interfacial free energy. We isolated and characterized the reaction byproducts via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We also developed a high-throughput small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique to measure crystallization at short reaction timescales (minutes). Our results showed that modifying interfacial surface energy affects both the reaction kinetics and product size homogeneity and yield. Our SAXS measurements reveal the onset of crystallinity after only 15 min. These results provide a template for exploring directed synthesis of complex materials via experimental methods.

Theoretical Considerations on the Growth of Metallic Crystalline Superlattices

1986 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Van Der Merwe ◽  
M. W. H. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Low Density ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Island Nucleation ◽  
High Supersaturation ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Superlattice Period

ABSTRACTWe deliberate on the conditions favorable to the growth of metallic crystalline superlattices (MCS) with (111) f.c.c./(110) b.c.c. interfaces. We use, with some motivation, equilibrium criteria (i) to justify the occurrence of the Kurdjumov-Sachs (KS) and Nishiyama-Wassermann (NW) orientations, and to show with analyses which also allow for elastic relaxation, that only the NW orientation that occurs at n.n. distance ratios in the interval 0.8 ≲ bf.c.c / ab.c.c ≲ 1.0 can yield the regular orientational relationships required for high quality MCS; ahd(ii) to show that, for the acquisition of the required smoothness of the interfaces, which is mainly determined by the growth mode - monolayer-by-monolayer (FM = Frank-van der Merwe) or island nucleation and growth (VW ≊ Volmer-Weber) mode - it is desirable to use material combinations with small surface free energy mismatch. Only then can VW growth (which inevitably occurs in each superlattice period) at relatively high supersaturation be FM-like and with low density of defects.

scholarly journals Perfection in Nucleation and Growth of Blue-Phase Single Crystals: Small Free-Energy Required to Self-Assemble at Specific Lattice Orientation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 9487-9495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Li ◽  
Jose A. Martínez-González ◽  
Kangho Park ◽  
Cecilia Yu ◽  
Ye Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Lattice Orientation ◽  
Blue Phase
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