Resonant charge-exchange involving excited helium atoms and reactive transport of local thermodynamic equilibrium helium plasma

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 062309 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Kosarim ◽  
B. M. Smirnov ◽  
A. Laricchiuta ◽  
M. Capitelli
Keyword(s):  
Charge Exchange ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Reactive Transport ◽  
Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Helium Plasma ◽  
Helium Atoms ◽  
Resonant Charge Exchange ◽  
Excited Helium

Blackbody Radiation, Boltzmann Statistics, Temperature, and Thermodynamic Equilibrium

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Chance ◽  
Randall V. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Blackbody Radiation ◽  
Boltzmann Constant ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Atmospheric Molecules ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Boltzmann Statistics ◽  
Planck’S Law

Blackbody radiation, temperature, and thermodynamic equilibrium give a tightly coupled description of systems (atmospheres, volumes, surfaces) that obey Boltzmann statistics. They provide descriptions of systems when Boltzmann statistics apply, either approximately or nearly exactly. These apply most of the time in the Earth’s stratosphere and troposphere, and in other planetary atmospheres as long as the density is sufficient that collisions among atmospheric molecules, rather than photochemical and photophysical properties, determine the energy populations of the ensemble of molecules. Thermodynamic equilibrium and the approximation of local thermodynamic equilibrium are introduced. Boltzmann statistics, blackbody radiation, and Planck’s law are described. The chapter introduces the Rayleigh-Jeans limit, description of noise sources as temperatures, Kirchoff’s law, the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, and Wien’s law.

Monitoring damage of self-assembled monolayers using metastable excited helium atoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 034704
Author(s):  
Georgios Stratis ◽  
Jordan D. Zesch ◽  
Henry S. Pan ◽  
Lauren J. Webb ◽  
Mark G. Raizen
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembled Monolayers ◽  
Helium Atoms ◽  
Assembled Monolayers ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Excited Helium

Diagnosing Fe Plasma In Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 024501
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ying Han ◽  
Fei-Lu Wang ◽  
Ze-Qing Wu ◽  
Jun Yan ◽  
Gang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Non Local
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