Test of Hubbard–Onsager’s dielectric friction theory for ion migration in mixed solvents. II. Dioxane–water systems

1986 ◽  
Vol 84 (12) ◽  
pp. 6979-6983 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ibuki ◽  
M. Nakahara
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Solvents ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Ion Migration ◽  
Dielectric Friction ◽  
Friction Theory

Ceric-induced grafting of acrylonitrile onto sodium alginate: kinetics and mechanism and effects of the reaction medium

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
S B Shah ◽  
C P Patel ◽  
H C Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Mixed Solvents ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Kinetic Scheme ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Ceric Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Good Agreement

The kinetic scheme of free radical graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) onto sodium alginate, using ceric ammonium nitrate as an initiator, has been proposed and equations relating the values of Rp, Rr and Rh are also suggested. The results have been found to be in good agreement with the proposed mechanism. The per cent grafting of AN onto sodium alginate has also been determined as a function of composition of the mixed solvents comprising methanol: water, ethanol: water, n-propanol:water and n-butanol: water systems. The reaction medium has been found to play an important role in graft copolymerization. The results of the effect of the reaction medium on grafting are also discussed.

Mechanism of Ion Transport in Cooled and Supercooled Water at High Pressure

1983 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nakahara ◽  
N. Takisawa ◽  
J. Osugi
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Water Structure ◽  
Continuum Theory ◽  
Supercooled Water ◽  
Ionic Mobility ◽  
Dielectric Friction ◽  
Friction Theory ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Continuum

ABSTRACTAs predicted by the Hubbard-Onsager continuum dielectric friction theory for ionic mobility in solution, the observed pressure coefficient of the difference ζ between the observed ionic drag coefficient and the Stokes law friction (4πηR), is negative for the small ion Li+ even at low temperatures where the water structure is highly developed. For the large ion Cs+, however, it is positive at any temperature in contrast to the theoretical prediction, its magnitude being larger at lower temperatures and pressures. The anomaly is shown also by the medium-sized ion K+ below room temperature. The passing-through-cavities (PTC) mechanism has been proposed to explain the limitations of the continuum theory.

Conductance Study of Aerosol-OT in Binary Mixed Solvents of Short-Chain Alcohol–Water Systems at Various Temperatures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabin Basnet ◽  
Sushila Prasai ◽  
Hector Dominguez ◽  
Marlene Ríos-López ◽  
Rajendra Adhikari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Solvents ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Chain Alcohol ◽  
Aerosol Ot ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Short Chain Alcohol
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