Subwavelength lithography by waveguide mode interference

2011 ◽  
Vol 99 (15) ◽  
pp. 151106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Wang ◽  
Ah Bian Chew ◽  
Jinghua Teng ◽  
Guangyuan Si ◽  
Aaron J. Danner
Keyword(s):  
Waveguide Mode ◽  
Mode Interference

scholarly journals Waveguide-mode interference lithography technique for high contrast subwavelength structures in the visible region

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 18748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanta Kusaka ◽  
Hiroyuki Kurosawa ◽  
Seigo Ohno ◽  
Yozaburo Sakaki ◽  
Kazuyuki Nakayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waveguide Mode ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Interference Lithography ◽  
Subwavelength Structures ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Mode Interference ◽  
Lithography Technique

Theoretical study of multiexposure zeroth-order waveguide mode interference lithography

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Pang ◽  
Huan Tong ◽  
Xiaoxiong Wu ◽  
Jiankai Zhu ◽  
Xiangxian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waveguide Mode ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Interference Lithography ◽  
Zeroth Order ◽  
Mode Interference

The Attenuation of Very Low Frequency Brain Oscillations in Transitions from a Rest State to Active Attention

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzannah K. Helps ◽  
Samantha J. Broyd ◽  
Christopher J. James ◽  
Anke Karl ◽  
Edmund J. S. Sonuga-Barke
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Very Low Frequency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Interference Hypothesis ◽  
Mode Interference

Background: The default mode interference hypothesis ( Sonuga-Barke & Castellanos, 2007 ) predicts (1) the attenuation of very low frequency oscillations (VLFO; e.g., .05 Hz) in brain activity within the default mode network during the transition from rest to task, and (2) that failures to attenuate in this way will lead to an increased likelihood of periodic attention lapses that are synchronized to the VLFO pattern. Here, we tested these predictions using DC-EEG recordings within and outside of a previously identified network of electrode locations hypothesized to reflect DMN activity (i.e., S3 network; Helps et al., 2008 ). Method: 24 young adults (mean age 22.3 years; 8 male), sampled to include a wide range of ADHD symptoms, took part in a study of rest to task transitions. Two conditions were compared: 5 min of rest (eyes open) and a 10-min simple 2-choice RT task with a relatively high sampling rate (ISI 1 s). DC-EEG was recorded during both conditions, and the low-frequency spectrum was decomposed and measures of the power within specific bands extracted. Results: Shift from rest to task led to an attenuation of VLFO activity within the S3 network which was inversely associated with ADHD symptoms. RT during task also showed a VLFO signature. During task there was a small but significant degree of synchronization between EEG and RT in the VLFO band. Attenuators showed a lower degree of synchrony than nonattenuators. Discussion: The results provide some initial EEG-based support for the default mode interference hypothesis and suggest that failure to attenuate VLFO in the S3 network is associated with higher synchrony between low-frequency brain activity and RT fluctuations during a simple RT task. Although significant, the effects were small and future research should employ tasks with a higher sampling rate to increase the possibility of extracting robust and stable signals.

scholarly journals Monolayer molecular sensing using infrared leaky waveguide mode

AIP Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 035305
Author(s):  
Tieyan Zhang ◽  
De He ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
Qiqige Wulan ◽  
Jiachen Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waveguide Mode ◽  
Molecular Sensing ◽  
Leaky Waveguide

scholarly journals Novel Stable Capacitive Electrocardiogram Measurement System

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3668
Author(s):  
Chi-Chun Chen ◽  
Shu-Yu Lin ◽  
Wen-Ying Chang
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Input Resistance ◽  
Voltage Divider ◽  
Motion Artifact ◽  
Guard Ring ◽  
Capacitive Sensing ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Optimal Input ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Mode Interference

This study presents a noncontact electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement system to replace conventional ECG electrode pads during ECG measurement. The proposed noncontact electrode design comprises a surface guard ring, the optimal input resistance, a ground guard ring, and an optimal voltage divider feedback. The surface and ground guard rings are used to reduce environmental noise. The optimal input resistor mitigates distortion caused by the input bias current, and the optimal voltage divider feedback increases the gain. Simulated gain analysis was subsequently performed to determine the most suitable parameters for the design, and the system was combined with a capacitive driven right leg circuit to reduce common-mode interference. The present study simulated actual environments in which interference is present in capacitive ECG signal measurement. Both in the case of environmental interference and motion artifact interference, relative to capacitive ECG electrodes, the proposed electrodes measured ECG signals with greater stability. In terms of R–R intervals, the measured ECG signals exhibited a 98.6% similarity to ECGs measured using contact ECG systems. The proposed noncontact ECG measurement system based on capacitive sensing is applicable for use in everyday life.

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