Swimming direction reversal of flagella through ciliary motion of mastigonemes

S. Namdeo; S. N. Khaderi; J. M. J. den Toonder; P. R. Onck

doi:10.1063/1.3608240

Transition in swimming direction in a model self-propelled inertial swimmer

Physical Review Fluids ◽

10.1103/physrevfluids.4.021101 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Thomas Dombrowski ◽

Shannon K. Jones ◽

Georgios Katsikis ◽

Amneet Pal Singh Bhalla ◽

Boyce E. Griffith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Swimming Direction

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Mixing of solutions by coordinated ciliary motion in Vorticella convallaria and patterning method for microfluidic applications

Sensors and Actuators B Chemical ◽

10.1016/j.snb.2013.08.040 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 188 ◽

pp. 1255-1262 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Moeto Nagai ◽

Yo Hayasaka ◽

Kei Kato ◽

Takahiro Kawashima ◽

Takayuki Shibata

Keyword(s):

Ciliary Motion

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Feeding strategy of mackerel in the Norwegian Sea relative to currents, temperature, and prey

ICES Journal of Marine Science ◽

10.1093/icesjms/fsv239 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 73 (4) ◽

pp. 1127-1137 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Leif Nøttestad ◽

Justine Diaz ◽

Hector Penã ◽

Henrik Søiland ◽

Geir Huse ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Swimming Speed ◽

Swimming Performance ◽

Feeding Strategy ◽

Near Field ◽

Norwegian Sea ◽

Swimming Direction ◽

Atlantic Mackerel ◽

The North ◽

Foraging Rate ◽

Feeding Resources

Abstract High abundance of Northeast Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus L.), combined with limited food resources, may now force mackerel to enter new and productive regions in the northern Norwegian Sea. However, it is not known how mackerel exploit the spatially varying feeding resources, and their vertical distribution and swimming behaviour are also largely unknown. During an ecosystem survey in the Norwegian Sea during the summer feeding season, swimming direction, and speed of mackerel schools were recorded with high-frequency omnidirectional sonar in four different regions relative to currents, ambient temperature, and zooplankton. A total of 251 schools were tracked, and fish and zooplankton were sampled with pelagic trawl and WP-2 plankton net. Except for the southwest region, swimming direction of the tracked schools coincided with the prevailing northerly Atlantic current direction in the Norwegian Sea. Swimming with the current saves energy, and the current also provides a directional cue towards the most productive areas in the northern Norwegian Sea. Average mean swimming speed in all regions combined was ∼3.8 body lengths s−1. However, fish did not swim in a straight course, but often changed direction, suggesting active feeding in the near field. Fish were largest and swimming speed lowest in the northwest region which had the highest plankton concentrations and lowest temperature. Mackerel swam close to the surface at a depth of 8–39 m, with all schools staying above the thermocline in waters of at least 6°C. In surface waters, mackerel encounter improved foraging rate and swimming performance. Going with the flow until temperature is too low, based on an expectation of increasing foraging rate towards the north while utilizing available prey under way, could be a simple and robust feeding strategy for mackerel in the Norwegian Sea.

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Comment on Dr. Gilmour's views on feeding by hemichordates and lophophorates

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z82-438 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 60 (12) ◽

pp. 3466-3468 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Richard R. Strathmann

Keyword(s):

Particle Capture ◽

Ciliary Motion

Observations on motion of captured particles, films of ciliary motion during particle capture, and physical theories of the motion of particles and water contradict substantial parts of Dr. Gilmour's accounts of ciliary feeding by hemichordates and lophophorates. (T. H. J. Gilmour. 1982. Feeding in tornaria larvae and the development of gill slits in enteropneust hemichordates. Can. J. Zool. 60. This issue.)

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Swimming like algae: biomimetic soft artificial cilia

Journal of The Royal Society Interface ◽

10.1098/rsif.2012.0666 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (78) ◽

pp. 20120666 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Sina Sareh ◽

Jonathan Rossiter ◽

Andrew Conn ◽

Knut Drescher ◽

Raymond E. Goldstein

Keyword(s):

Smart Materials ◽

Fluid Transport ◽

Metal Composite ◽

Ionic Polymer ◽

Piecewise Constant ◽

Ciliary Motion ◽

Thrust Generation ◽

Artificial Cilia ◽

Segmentation Pattern ◽

Polymer Metal

Cilia are used effectively in a wide variety of biological systems from fluid transport to thrust generation. Here, we present the design and implementation of artificial cilia, based on a biomimetic planar actuator using soft-smart materials. This actuator is modelled on the cilia movement of the alga Volvox , and represents the cilium as a piecewise constant-curvature robotic actuator that enables the subsequent direct translation of natural articulation into a multi-segment ionic polymer metal composite actuator. It is demonstrated how the combination of optimal segmentation pattern and biologically derived per-segment driving signals reproduce natural ciliary motion. The amenability of the artificial cilia to scaling is also demonstrated through the comparison of the Reynolds number achieved with that of natural cilia.

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I. On the embryogeny of comatula rosacea (Linck)

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London ◽

10.1098/rspl.1857.0115 ◽

1859 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 600-601

Keyword(s):

Granular Matter ◽

Reproductive Organs ◽

Areolar Tissue ◽

Young Larva ◽

Characteristic Form ◽

Male And Female ◽

Pale Yellow ◽

Ciliary Motion ◽

Female Reproductive Organs

The author briefly described the male and female reproductive organs of Comatula. When the ova are mature, and before impregnation, they are protruded and remain hanging from the ovarian orifice, entangled in the areolar tissue of the everted ovary. In this position impregnation appears usually to take place. After segmentation of the yelk, a solid nucleus is formed in the centre of the mulberry yelk-mass. This nucleus becomes invested in a special membrane, and into this embryonic mass the remainder of the yelk is gradually absorbed. Ciliary motion is observed at various points on the surface of the inclosed embryo, which finally assumes its characteristic form. The young larva, on escaping from the egg, consists of a homogeneous mass of pale-yellow granular matter, with scattered nuclei, cells, and oil-globules. It is barrel-shaped, and girded at intervals with about five broad ciliated bands.

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