Standing Waves in Small Animal Models Investigating Ultrasound Disruption of the Blood-Brain Barrier

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meaghan A. O’Reilly ◽  
Yuexi Huang ◽  
Kullervo Hynynen ◽  
Yoichiro Matsumoto ◽  
Lawrence A. Crum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Standing Waves ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Small Animal Models

Area Postrema: A Unique Regulator of Cardiovascular Function

Physiology ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
JL Williams ◽  
KL Barnes ◽  
KB Brosnihan ◽  
CM Ferrario
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Area Postrema ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Circumventricular Organ ◽  
Hemorrhage Control ◽  
Blood Brain

The area postrema, which does not have a blood-brain barrier, can sense changes in levels of blood-borne hormones. This circumventricular organ plays an important role in animal models of hypertension, recovery from hemorrhage, control of baroreflexes, and homeostasis of water and ions.

Blood-brain barrier disruption in immature Fischer 344 rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 743-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis E. Bullard ◽  
Darell D. Bigner
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Blood Brain

✓ Methods for transiently disrupting the blood-brain barrier (BBB) which are consistent with survival are described for immature Fischer 344 rats weighing 40 to 99 gm. A catheter was retrogradely inserted into the external carotid artery to the level of the bifurcation. Perfusion of 1.4 M mannitol or 1.6 M arabinose, at a rate of 0.01 to 0.1 ml/sec for 30 seconds, resulted in transient BBB disruption as measured by Evans blue dye (EBD) staining. Higher flow rates or perfusion with 10% to 30% dimethyl sulfoxide were associated with a mortality rate ranging from 0% to 44%. Perfusion with 0.9% sodium chloride or intrafemoral artery perfusion with 1.4 M mannitol did not disrupt the BBB. Optimum BBB disruption as measured by EBD staining was achieved with 1.6 M arabinose at 0.026 ml/sec for 30 seconds, at which time all of the 42 experimental animals had BBB disruption; all of the animals so treated survived 2 weeks following perfusion. This technique will allow the efficacy of delivering chemotherapeutic agents following BBB disruption to be tested in several of the more commonly used small-animal models for brain-tumor research.

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