scholarly journals Stochastic simulations of cargo transport by processive molecular motors

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (24) ◽  
pp. 245107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian B. Korn ◽  
Stefan Klumpp ◽  
Reinhard Lipowsky ◽  
Ulrich S. Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Stochastic Simulations ◽  
Cargo Transport

scholarly journals Stochastic Modeling of Cargo Transport by Teams of Molecular Motors

2014 ◽  
pp. 609-617
Author(s):  
Sarah Klein ◽  
Cécile Appert-Rolland ◽  
Ludger Santen
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Modeling ◽  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Cargo Transport

scholarly journals An automated in vitro motility assay for high-throughput studies of molecular motors

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 3196-3206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Till Korten ◽  
Elena Tavkin ◽  
Lara Scharrel ◽  
Vandana Singh Kushwaha ◽  
Stefan Diez
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Force Generation ◽  
Motility Assay ◽  
In Vitro Motility Assay ◽  
In Vitro Motility ◽  
Cargo Transport

Molecular motors, essential to force-generation and cargo transport within cells, are invaluable tools for powering nanobiotechnological lab-on-a-chip devices.

External forces influence the elastic coupling effects during cargo transport by molecular motors

2015 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Berger ◽  
Corina Keller ◽  
Stefan Klumpp ◽  
Reinhard Lipowsky
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Elastic Coupling ◽  
Coupling Effects ◽  
Cargo Transport ◽  
External Forces

scholarly journals COOPERATIVE TRANSPORT BY SMALL TEAMS OF MOLECULAR MOTORS

2006 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 353-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEFAN KLUMPP ◽  
MELANIE J. I. MÜLLER ◽  
REINHARD LIPOWSKY
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Single Motor ◽  
Directed Transport ◽  
Cargo Transport ◽  
Cooperative Transport

Molecular motors power directed transport of cargoes within cells. Even if a single motor is sufficient to transport a cargo, motors often cooperate in small teams. We discuss the cooperative cargo transport by several motors theoretically and explore some of its properties. In particular we emphasize how motor teams can drag cargoes through a viscous environment.

scholarly journals Cargo transport: molecular motors navigate a complex cytoskeleton

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Ross ◽  
M Yusuf Ali ◽  
David M Warshaw
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Cargo Transport

scholarly journals Cargo crowding, stationary clusters and dynamical reservoirs in axonal transport

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Amruta Vasudevan ◽  
Keertana Venkatesh ◽  
Reshma Maiya ◽  
Parul Sood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axonal Transport ◽  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Motion State ◽  
State Switching ◽  
Cargo Transport ◽  
Functional Relevance

AbstractMolecular motors drive the directed transport of presynaptic vesicles along the narrow axons of nerve cells. Stationary clusters of such vesicles are a prominent feature of axonal transport, but little is known about their physiological and functional relevance. Here, we develop a simulation model describing key features of axonal cargo transport with a view to addressing this question, benchmarking the model against our experiments in the touch neurons of C. elegans. Our simulations provide for multiple microtubule tracks and varied cargo motion states while also incorporating cargo-cargo interactions. Our model also incorporates obstacles to vesicle transport in the form of microtubule ends, stalled vesicles, and stationary mitochondria. We devise computational methodologies to simulate both axonal bleaching and axotomy, showing that our results reproduce the properties of both moving as well as stationary cargo in vivo. Increasing vesicle numbers leads to larger and more long-lived stationary clusters of vesicular cargo. Vesicle clusters are dynamically stable, explaining why they are ubiquitously seen. Modulating the rates of cargo motion-state switching allows cluster lifetimes and flux to be tuned both in simulations and experiments. We demonstrate, both in simulations and in an experimental system, that suppressing reversals leads to larger stationary vesicle clusters being formed while also reducing flux. Our simulation results support the view that the physiological significance of clusters is located in their role as dynamic reservoirs of cargo vesicles, capable of being released or sequestered on demand.

scholarly journals Cooperative cargo transport by several molecular motors

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (48) ◽  
pp. 17284-17289 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Klumpp ◽  
R. Lipowsky
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Cargo Transport

Cooperative behavior of molecular motors: Cargo transport and traffic phenomena

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Lipowsky ◽  
Janina Beeg ◽  
Rumiana Dimova ◽  
Stefan Klumpp ◽  
Melanie J.I. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Cargo Transport

scholarly journals A Parallel Ratchet-Stroke Mechanism Leads to an Optimum Force for Molecular Motor Function

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
U.L. Mallimadugula ◽  
E.A. Galburt
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Molecular Motor ◽  
Mechanical Work ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Stochastic Simulations ◽  
Power Stroke ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Parallel Path

ABSTRACTMolecular motors convert chemical potential energy into mechanical work and perform a great number of critical biological functions. Examples include the polymerization and manipulation of nucleic acids, the generation of cellular motility and contractility, the formation and maintenance of cell shape, and the transport of materials within cells. The mechanisms underlying these molecular machines are routinely divided into two categories: Brownian ratchet and power stroke. While a ratchet uses chemical energy to bias thermally activated motion, a stroke depends on a direct coupling between chemical events and motion. However, the multi-dimensional nature of protein energy landscapes allows for the possibility of multiple reaction paths connecting two states. Here, we investigate the properties of a hypothetical molecular motor able to utilize parallel ratchet and stroke translocation mechanisms. We explore motor velocity and force-dependence as a function of the energy landscape of each path and reveal the potential for such a mechanism to result in an optimum force for motor function. We explore how the presence of this optimum depends on the rates of the individual paths and show that the distribution of stepping times characterized by the randomness parameter may be used to test for parallel path mechanisms. Lastly, we caution that experimental data consisting solely of measurements of velocity as a function of ATP concentration and force cannot be used to eliminate the possibility of such a parallel path mechanism.SIGNIFICANCEMolecular motors perform various mechanical functions in cells allowing them to move, replicate and perform various housekeeping functions required for life. Biophysical studies often aim to determine the molecular mechanism by which these motors convert chemical energy to mechanical work by fitting experimental data with kinetic models that fall into one of two classes: Brownian ratchets or power strokes. However, nothing a priori requires that a motor function via a single mechanism. Here, we consider a theoretical construct where a motor has access to both class of mechanism in parallel. Combining stochastic simulations and analytical solutions we describe unique signatures of such a mechanism that could be observed experimentally. We also show that absence of these signatures does not formally eliminate the existence of such a parallel mechanism. These findings expand our theoretical understanding of the potential motor behaviors with which to interpret experimental results.

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