Infrared Light Scattering from a Coherent Spin Wave Packet of Controlled Width and Energy Density

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen King Jao ◽  
F. R. Morgenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Wave Packet ◽  
Spin Wave ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Coherent Spin

scholarly journals Photobiomodulation with Red and Near-Infrared Light Improves Viability and Modulates Expression of Mesenchymal and Apoptotic-Related Markers in Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3427
Author(s):  
Ievgeniia Kocherova ◽  
Artur Bryja ◽  
Katarzyna Błochowiak ◽  
Mariusz Kaczmarek ◽  
Katarzyna Stefańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Gingival Fibroblasts ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Low Level Laser ◽  
Level Laser

Photobiomodulation (PBM), also called low-level laser treatment (LLLT), has been considered a promising tool in periodontal treatment due to its anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. However, photobiomodulation’s effectiveness depends on a combination of parameters, such as energy density, the duration and frequency of the irradiation sessions, and wavelength, which has been shown to play a key role in laser-tissue interaction. The objective of the study was to compare the in vitro effects of two different wavelengths—635 nm and 808 nm—on the human primary gingival fibroblasts in terms of viability, oxidative stress, inflammation markers, and specific gene expression during the four treatment sessions at power and energy density widely used in dental practice (100 mW, 4 J/cm2). PBM with both 635 and 808 nm at 4 J/cm2 increased the cell number, modulated extracellular oxidative stress and inflammation markers and decreased the susceptibility of human primary gingival fibroblasts to apoptosis through the downregulation of apoptotic-related genes (P53, CASP9, BAX). Moreover, modulation of mesenchymal markers expression (CD90, CD105) can reflect the possible changes in the differentiation status of irradiated fibroblasts. The most pronounced results were observed following the third irradiation session. They should be considered for the possible optimization of existing low-level laser irradiation protocols used in periodontal therapies.

scholarly journals Coherent spin-wave processor of stored optical pulses

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Mazelanik ◽  
Michał Parniak ◽  
Adam Leszczyński ◽  
Michał Lipka ◽  
Wojciech Wasilewski
Keyword(s):  
Spin Wave ◽  
Optical Pulses ◽  
Coherent Spin

scholarly journals Detection of tar brown carbon with a single particle soot photometer (SP2)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (24) ◽  
pp. 15673-15690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel C. Corbin ◽  
Martin Gysel-Beer
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Brown Carbon ◽  
Soot Mass ◽  
Laser Induced Incandescence ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Unique Signal

Abstract. We investigate the possibility that the refractory, infrared-light-absorbing carbon particulate material known as “tarballs” or tar brown carbon (tar brC) generates a unique signal in the scattering and incandescent detectors of a single particle soot photometer (SP2). As recent studies have defined tar brC in different ways, we begin by reviewing the literature and proposing a material-based definition of tar. We then show that tar brC results in unique SP2 signals due to a combination of complete or partial evaporation, with no or very little incandescence. Only a subset of tar brC particles exhibited detectable incandescence (70 % by number); for these particles the ratio of incandescence to light scattering was much lower than that of soot black carbon (BC). At the time of incandescence the ratio of light scattering to incandescence from these particles was up to 2-fold greater than from soot (BC). In our sample, where the mass of tar was 3-fold greater than the mass of soot, this led to a bias of <5 % in SP2-measured soot mass, which is negligible relative to calibration uncertainties. The enhanced light scattering of tar is interpreted as being caused by tar being more amorphous and less graphitic than soot BC. The fraction of the tar particle which does incandesce was likely formed by thermal annealing during laser heating. These results indicate that laser-induced incandescence, as implemented in the SP2, is the only BC measurement technique which can quantify soot BC concentrations separately from tar while also potentially providing real-time evidence for the presence of tar. In contrast, BC measurement techniques based on thermal–optical (EC: elemental carbon) and absorption (eBC: equivalent BC) measurements cannot provide such distinctions. The optical properties of our tar particles indicate a material similarity to the tar particles previously reported in the literature. However, more- and less-graphitized tar samples have also been reported, which may show stronger and weaker SP2 responses, respectively.

Mapping of localized spin-wave excitations by near-field Brillouin light scattering

2010 ◽  
Vol 97 (15) ◽  
pp. 152502 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jersch ◽  
V. E. Demidov ◽  
H. Fuchs ◽  
K. Rott ◽  
P. Krzysteczko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Spin Wave ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Brillouin Light Scattering ◽  
Spin Wave Excitations

scholarly journals Thermally Tuning Infrared Light Scattering Using Planar Layered Thin Films and Space Gradient Metasurface

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Kocer ◽  
Ahmet Ozer ◽  
Serkan Butun ◽  
Kevin Wang ◽  
Junqiao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Infrared Light
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