scholarly journals Resampling improves the efficiency of a “fast-switch” equilibrium sampling protocol

2009 ◽  
Vol 130 (8) ◽  
pp. 081102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Lyman ◽  
Daniel M. Zuckerman
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Protocol

Drinking Water Surveillance Program in the St. Clair-Detroit River Area 1985/86

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. Roberts ◽  
R.B. Hunsinger ◽  
A.H. Vajdic
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Sampling Protocol ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Abstract The Drinking Water Surveillance Program (DWSP), developed by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, is an assessment project based on standardized analytical and sampling protocol. This program was recently instituted in response to a series of contaminant occurrences in the St. Clair-Detroit River area of Southwestern Ontario. This paper outlines the details and goals of the program and provides information concerning micro-contaminants in drinking water at seven drinking water treatment plants in Southwestern Ontario.

scholarly journals Historical discarding in Mediterranean fisheries: a fishers' perception

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 2600-2608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Damalas ◽  
Christos D. Maravelias ◽  
Giacomo C. Osio ◽  
Francesc Maynou ◽  
Mario Sbrana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Sampling Protocol ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regulatory Constraints ◽  
Fishing Strategies ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Trawl Fisheries ◽  
Important Fish

Abstract Discarding of commercially important fish species in the bottom trawl fisheries in the northern Mediterranean Sea was investigated by soliciting the long-term recollections of fishers engaged or formerly engaged in such fisheries. The main aim of our investigation was to describe the prevalence of discarding and its evolution over the past 70 years using information gathered through individual questionnaire-based interviews with fishers from ports in Spain, Italy, and Greece, following a standardized sampling protocol. Although it proved impossible to derive absolute estimates of the volume of discarded catches over the period investigated, we conclude that over the past 70 years, discarding as a practice has gradually increased in the northern Mediterranean trawl fisheries and has been accompanied by a shift in the species composition of the discarded catch. While discarding can occur for a number of reasons, our investigations indicate that discarding in the past was mostly driven by market demand, but recent legal and regulatory constraints have led to changes in fishing strategies and became a significant reason for discards.

scholarly journals Methodology for determining rom size distribution

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-412
Author(s):  
Christiane Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Vládia C. G. de Souza ◽  
Jair C. Koppe
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Distribution Curve ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Sampling Protocol ◽  
Product Size ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Specific Protocol ◽  
Open Side ◽  
Ore Dressing

A methodology to determine the size distribution curve of the ROM was developed in a Brazilian iron ore mine. The size of the larger fragments was determined taking photographs and setting the scale of the images to analyze their dimensions (length of their edges and areas). This was implemented according to a specific protocol of sampling that involves split and homogenization stages in situ of a considerable quantity of ore (about 259 metric tonnes). During the sampling process, larger fragments were separated and smaller size material was screened. The methodology was developed initially in order to preview the performance of a primary gyratory crusher that is fed directly from trucks. Operational conditions of the equipment such as closed and open-side settings could be adjusted previously, obtaining different product size distributions. Variability of size of the fragments affects subsequent stages of crushing and can increase circulating load in the circuit. This leads to a decrease of productivity or recovery of the ore dressing. The results showed insignificant errors of accuracy and reproducibility of the sampling protocol when applied to friable itabirite rocks.

scholarly journals Challenges for assessing vertebrate diversity in turbid Saharan water-bodies using environmental DNA

Genome ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 807-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastian Egeter ◽  
Sara Peixoto ◽  
José C. Brito ◽  
Simon Jarman ◽  
Pamela Puppo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Sahara Desert ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Sampling Protocol ◽  
Filtering Method ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Human Dna

The Sahara desert is the largest warm desert in the world and a poorly explored area. Small water-bodies occur across the desert and are crucial habitats for vertebrate biodiversity. Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a powerful tool for species detection and is being increasingly used to conduct biodiversity assessments. However, there are a number of difficulties with sampling eDNA from such turbid water-bodies and it is often not feasible to rely on electrical tools in remote desert environments. We trialled a manually powered filtering method in Mauritania, using pre-filtration to circumvent problems posed by turbid water in remote arid areas. From nine vertebrate species expected in the water-bodies, four were detected visually, two via metabarcoding, and one via both methods. Difficulties filtering turbid water led to severe constraints, limiting the sampling protocol to only one sampling point per study site, which alone may largely explain why many of the expected vertebrate species were not detected. The amplification of human DNA using general vertebrate primers is also likely to have contributed to the low number of taxa identified. Here we highlight a number of challenges that need to be overcome to successfully conduct metabarcoding eDNA studies for vertebrates in desert environments in Africa.

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