Determination of the Local Electric Field Strength in the Cathode Fall of a Low Pressure Gas Discharge Using Doppler-Free Spectroscopy

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkmar Helbig
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Gas Discharge ◽  
Local Electric Field ◽  
Cathode Fall ◽  
Local Electric Field Strength

scholarly journals Simulation of Carbon Nanotube-Based Enhancement of Cellular Electroporation under Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yan Mi ◽  
Quan Liu ◽  
Pan Li ◽  
Jin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
Local Electric Field ◽  
Killing Effect ◽  
Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
Local Electric Field Strength

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with large aspect ratios and excellent electrical properties can enhance the killing effect of nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) on tumor cells, which can improve the electrical safety of nsPEF during tumor treatment. To study the mechanism of the CNT-enhanced killing effect of a nsPEF on tumor cells, a spherical, single-cell, five-layer dielectric model containing randomly distributed CNTs was established using COMSOL and MATLAB, and then, the effects of the addition of CNTs on the electric field and the electroporation effect on the inner and outer membranes were analyzed. The results showed that CNTs can enhance the local electric field strength due to a lightning rod effect, and the closer the CNT tip was to the cell, the greater the electric field strength was around the cell. This increase in the local electric field strength near the cells enhanced the electroporation effects, including pore density, pore area, and pore flux. The simulation results presented in this paper provide theoretical guidance for subsequent development of nsPEF combined with CNTs for use in both cell and tissue experiments.

scholarly journals An Electroporation Device with Microbead-Enhanced Electric Field for Bacterial Inactivation

Inventions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanam Pudasaini ◽  
A. T. K. Perera ◽  
Syed. S. U. Ahmed ◽  
Yong Bing Chong ◽  
Sum Huan Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Bacterial Inactivation ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Applied Electric Field Strength ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Local Electric Field Strength

This paper presents an electroporation device with high bacterial inactivation performance (~4.75 log removal). Inside the device, insulating silica microbeads are densely packed between two mesh electrodes that enable enhancement of the local electric field strength, allowing improved electroporation of bacterial cells. The inactivation performance of the device is evaluated using two model bacteria, including one Gram-positive bacterium (Enterococcus faecalis) and one Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli) under various applied voltages. More than 4.5 log removal of bacteria is obtained for the applied electric field strength of 2 kV/cm at a flowrate of 4 mL/min. The effect of microbeads on the inactivation performance is assessed by comparing the performance of the microbead device with that of the device having no microbeads under same operating conditions. The comparison results show that only 0.57 log removal is achieved for the device having no microbeads—eightfold lower than for the device with microbeads.

Residual Charges during Electrospinning Assist in Formation of Piezoelectricity in Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-co-Trifluoroethylene) Nanofibers

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Young Choi ◽  
Hyeon Jun Sim ◽  
Min Kyoon Shin ◽  
Seon Jeong Kim ◽  
Youn Tae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Local Electric Field ◽  
Output Measurement ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride

We confirm piezoelectric performance of bottom electrospun PVDF-TrFE mat is higher than that of top mat and report the mechanism of additional poling process of electrospun nanofibers by local electric field which is originating from residual charges in far-field electrospinning process. Piezoelectric output measurement of poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) electrospun nanofibers was performed by push test and output signals of bottom and top were compared. The local electric field strength calculated by simulation was higher than reported electric field strength of near-field electrospinning (10 MV/m). It can be concluded that the piezoelectric outputs of electrospun nanofibers tend to be improved by residual charge density and electrospinning condition.

scholarly journals The basics of construction of jet-drop optical systems for measuring the electric field strength. Part 1

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
E. V. Leun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Liquid Metals ◽  
Differential Method ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Charged Droplets ◽  
Reflection Angle

The article discusses the principles and possibilities of using jet-drop optical measuring systems for monitoring the electric field strength (EFS). Two applied techniques are considered. First, the deflection of flying charged droplets (balls, hollow granules) used as micro-objects sensitive to EFS and deviating from a given rectilinear trajectory of motion, like an electron in a kinescope. Secondly, stroboscopic determination of the position and/or displacement of drops by pulsed illumination of the side of the deflected drop by the optical flow and measurement of the reflection angle for it. The possibilities of implementing the differential method of EFS measurements are discussed. The features of the use of liquids with the addition of metal nanopowders or based on liquid metals, as well as hollow droplets in the form of microspheres or hollow granules are considered

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