Energy Tensor of the Null Electromagnetic Field

Isaac Newton and James Clerk Maxwell were giants in the history of physics. Newton in his century (1643 – 1727) and Maxwell about 150 years later (1831 – 1879) in his own century. Newton has built his theories, based on the deep and profound wisdom in nature and religion. For this reason, Newton has been called the last magician in his time. Maxwell represents modern physics and he has built his theories only on pure mathematics. Based on Newtonian Physics it is possible to reach much further in physics than the achievements based on a simple Maxwell’s mathematical approach. Newtonian Physics gives a new insight in the fundamental physics of Light, Electromagnetic Fields, Dirac’s relativistic Quantum Physics and Einstein’s General Relativity. All we know about light, and in general about any electromagnetic field configuration, has been based only on two fundamental theories. James Clerk Maxwell introduced in 1865 the “Theory of Electrodynamics” with the publication: “A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field” and Albert Einstein introduced in 1905 the “Theory of Special Relativity” with the publication: “On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies” and in 1913 the “Theory of General Relativity” with the publication ”Outline of a Generalized Theory of Relativity and of a Theory of Gravitation”. However, both theories are not capable to explain the property of electromagnetic mass and in specific the anisotropy of the phenomenon of electromagnetic mass. To understand what electromagnetic inertia and the corresponding electromagnetic mass is and how the anisotropy of electromagnetic mass can be explained and how it has to be defined, a New Theory about Light has to be developed. A part of this New Theory about Light will be published in this article.The New Theory about Light has been based on one single fundamental property of our Universe. The unique property that there has always been, is always and will always be a perfect equilibrium within our Universe. Isaac Newton has discovered this fundamental physical law already 300 years ago by his third law in physics. “For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction”. In the New Theory this law of Equilibrium has been extended for any arbitrary Electromagnetic Field Configuration, which requires the fundamental Universal Property: “The total algebraic sum of all force densities will always equal zero at any time at any spatial coordinate in any spatial direction”. To develop a set of 4 electromagnetic equations, describing all the force densities within any arbitrary electromagnetic field configuration, the Divergence of the 4-Dimensional Stress-Energy Tensor has been taken, resulting in the 4-Dimensional Electromagnetic Vector Equation with the fundamental requirement: “The the total algebraic sum of all force densities equals zero at any time at any spatial coordinate in any spatial direction”

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On the gravitational influence of direct particle fields

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A - Mathematical and Physical Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspa.1964.0226 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 282 (1389) ◽

pp. 184-190 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Vector Potential ◽

Particle Interaction ◽

Energy Tensor ◽

Green Functions ◽

Charge Conservation ◽

Usual Procedure ◽

Unique Result ◽

Gravitational Influence ◽

Gravitational Equations

The problem of the contribution of direct particle interaction of the Fokker type to the gravitational equations is solved. It is shown that the usual procedure for obtaining the gravitational equations, of making small variations of geometry, g ik + δg ik replacing g ik in finite regions, with δg ik = 0 on their boundaries, and of requiring that the action be stationary for such variations, can be carried through with the aid of Green functions. This procedure, due to Hilbert, serves to define the energy tensor T ik associated with each of the fields. That for the C -field turns out exactly the same as we have used in the macroscopic form of the theory. That for the electromagnetic field turns out to have some new features. These are terms containing the vector potential and its derivative when world-lines are broken, although these terms vanish when there is charge conservation. The terms in the field F ik are identical with the usual tensor if the field is calculated from retarded potentials. In former work no decision has been made on the form the tensor should take when the potentials are ½ (retarded + advanced). Wheeler & Feynman showed that alternative choices are possible and that a decision cannot be made from electromagnetic considerations alone. Our analysis leads to a unique result, the Frenkel tensor.

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Ricci and Maxwell collineations in a null electromagnetic field

Journal of Physics A General Physics ◽

10.1088/0305-4470/8/12/005 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 1875-1881 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K P Singh ◽

D N Sharma

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Null Electromagnetic Field

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Note on the problem of a rotating mass of perfect fluid in relativity mechanics

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A - Mathematical and Physical Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspa.1950.0075 ◽

1950 ◽

Vol 201 (1067) ◽

pp. 510-515

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Free Surface ◽

Total Energy ◽

Perfect Fluid ◽

Equations Of Motion ◽

Stress System ◽

Energy Tensor ◽

Isotropic Pressure

A mass of perfect fluid rotating about an axis is considered. The material stress-system is taken to be one of isotropic pressure. General expressions for the pressure and form of the free surface are assumed. It is shown that the equations of motion cannot be satisfied unless the rotation produces an electromagnetic field which gives rise to additional terms in the total energy-tensor.

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Relativistic Electrodynamics

Electromagnetic Radiation ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198726500.003.0007 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 229-266

Author(s):

Richard Freeman ◽

James King ◽

Gregory Lafyatis

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Angular Momentum ◽

Lagrangian Density ◽

Free Particle ◽

Energy Tensor ◽

Hamiltonian Mechanics ◽

Stress Energy Tensor ◽

Stress Energy ◽

Lagrangian And Hamiltonian Mechanics ◽

Relativistic Electrodynamics

The concept of action is introduced using Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics, and is used to describe the relativistic mechanics of a free particle: free particle canonical 4-momentum and angular momentum 4-tensor. The problem of a charged particle in an external field is considered in detail, resulting in the relativistic version of the Lorentz force law. The electromagnetic field is described using the action principle: The Lagrange density function and the recovery of Maxwell’s equations and charge conservation. The simplest Lagrangian density that can be constructed from a four-vector field is known as the “proca Lagrangian,” but it is shown to predict a massive photon. Finally, the canonical stress-energy tensor is derived along with conservation laws.

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