Low Temperature Crystal Growth Cryostat for Use in Optical and Inelastic Neutron Studies of Rare Gas Solids

1970 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald H. Dyer ◽  
Issai Lefkowitz ◽  
Peter Martel
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Inelastic Neutron ◽  
Rare Gas

scholarly journals Elucidation of the Crystal Growth Characteristics of SnO2 Nanoaggregates Formed by Sequential Low-Temperature Sol-Gel Reaction and Freeze Drying

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1738
Author(s):  
Saeid Vafaei ◽  
Alexander Wolosz ◽  
Catlin Ethridge ◽  
Udo Schnupf ◽  
Nagisa Hattori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Sno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Concentration

SnO2 nanoparticles are regarded as attractive, functional materials because of their versatile applications. SnO2 nanoaggregates with single-nanometer-scale lumpy surfaces provide opportunities to enhance hetero-material interfacial areas, leading to the performance improvement of materials and devices. For the first time, we demonstrate that SnO2 nanoaggregates with oxygen vacancies can be produced by a simple, low-temperature sol-gel approach combined with freeze-drying. We characterize the initiation of the low-temperature crystal growth of the obtained SnO2 nanoaggregates using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results indicate that Sn (II) hydroxide precursors are converted into submicrometer-scale nanoaggregates consisting of uniform SnO2 spherical nanocrystals (2~5 nm in size). As the sol-gel reaction time increases, further crystallization is observed through the neighboring particles in a confined part of the aggregates, while the specific surface areas of the SnO2 samples increase concomitantly. In addition, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements suggest that Sn (II) ions exist in the SnO2 samples when the reactions are stopped after a short time or when a relatively high concentration of Sn (II) is involved in the corresponding sol-gel reactions. Understanding this low-temperature growth of 3D SnO2 will provide new avenues for developing and producing high-performance, photofunctional nanomaterials via a cost-effective and scalable method.

Synthesis and crystallogenesis at low temperature of Fe(III)-smectites by evolution of coprecipitated gels: experiments in partially reducing conditions

Clay Minerals ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 861-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Decarreau ◽  
D. Bonnin
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Oxide Phase ◽  
Octahedral Sheet ◽  
Reducing Conditions ◽  
Iron Oxide Phase

AbstractSyntheses of ferric smectites were performed at low temperature (75° C by aging coprecipitated gels of silica and Fe2+-sulphate under initially reducing then oxidizing conditions. Under strictly reducing conditions only nuclei of a trioctahedral ferrous stevensite were observed and crystal growth did not take place. When a spontaneous oxidization, in contact with air, was effected, the ferrous smectite nuclei transformed rapidly into a ferric, nontronite-like, smectite. Crystallogenesis of the ferric smectite was studied by XRD, IR, DTA, Mössbauer and EPR spectroscopies. The end-synthesis smectite contained only Fe3+ions, all located in the octahedral sheet. This clay was mixed with a cryptocrystalline iron oxide phase containing one-third of the iron atoms and undetectable by XRD.

scholarly journals Crystal Growth of Low-Temperature Processed Poly-Si by Excimer Laser Annealing. Dependences of Poly-Si Grain on Energy Density and Shot Number.

Shinku ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1120-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto MATSUO ◽  
Hisashi ABE ◽  
Naoya KAWAMOTO ◽  
Ryouhei TAGUCHI ◽  
Tomoyuki NOUDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Excimer Laser ◽  
Laser Annealing ◽  
Excimer Laser Annealing ◽  
Shot Number

Crystal growth from low temperature solutions

1981 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 779-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Simon ◽  
R. Boistelle
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Low Temperature

Low-frequency single-crystal Raman, far-infrared, and inelastic neutron scattering studies of acetanilide at low temperature

1991 ◽  
Vol 95 (13) ◽  
pp. 5281-5286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford T. Johnston ◽  
Stephen F. Agnew ◽  
Juergen Eckert ◽  
Llewellyn H. Jones ◽  
Basil I. Swanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Neutron Scattering ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Inelastic Neutron Scattering ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Inelastic Neutron
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