Energy spectra of high-energy SEP event protons derived from statistical analysis of experimental data on a large set of events

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Mottl
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Spectra ◽  
Large Set

SOME ASPECTS OF THE PROPAGATION OF SUPER-HIGH ENERGETIC COSMIC RAYS IN THE GALAXY

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (29) ◽  
pp. 6825-6827
Author(s):  
JÖRG R. HÖRANDEL ◽  
NIKOLAI N. KALMYKOV ◽  
ALEKSEI V. TIMOKHIN
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Life Time ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Spectra ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
High Energy Astrophysics ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Energy Dependent

The origin of the knee in the energy spectrum of cosmic rays is one of the central questions of high-energy astrophysics. One possible explanation is the energy dependent leakage of nuclei from the Galaxy due to their propagation. The latter is investigated in a combined method using numerical calculations of trajectories and the diffusion approximation. The life time of cosmic rays in the Galaxy and the corresponding pathlength are presented. The resulting energy spectra as observed at Earth are discussed and compared to experimental data.

The possibility of time resonance (explosion) phenomena in high-energy nuclear reactions

Open Physics ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Olkhovsky ◽  
Marina Dolinska ◽  
Sergey Omelchenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Nuclear Reaction ◽  
Time Evolution ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Spectra ◽  
General Version ◽  
Exponential Decrease ◽  
Evolution Approach

AbstractThis study shows that the exponential decrease of the energy spectra, accompanied by slight oscillations, with final-fragment energy in high-energy nuclear reaction, and independent of fragments, targets, projectiles, and projectile energies, can be explained under some conditions in the range of strongly overlapping compound resonances by a new phenomenon of time resonances (explosions). These time resonances (explosions) correspond to the formation of a few highly-excited, non-exponentially decaying nuclear clots (partial compound nuclei consisting of certain small groups of target and projectile nucleons). The proposed approach is an alternative way of analyzing experimental data compared with the majority of known descriptions (for instance, fireball models). This is a new and more general version of the time-evolution approach compared with the Izumo-Araseki time compound-nucleus model.

Study of potential curves by UHF type methods. CH4 molecule and its dissociation products

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-737
Author(s):  
Viliam Klimo ◽  
Jozef Tiňo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Quantum Chemistry ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Electronic Correlation ◽  
Exact Methods ◽  
Energy Parameters ◽  
Bond Functions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Potential Curves

Geometry and energy parameters of the individual dissociation intermediate steps of CH4 molecule, parameters of the barrier to linearity and singlet-triplet separation of the CH2 molecule have been calculated by means of the UMP method in the minimum basis set augmented with the bond functions. The results agree well with experimental data except for the geometry of CH2(1A1) and relatively high energy values of CH(2II) and CH2(1A1) where the existence of two UHF solutions indicates a necessity of description of the electronic correlation by more exact methods of quantum chemistry.

scholarly journals High energy cosmic ray interactions and UHECR composition problem

2019 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Sergey Ostapchenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Hadronic Interactions ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray Interactions ◽  
Composition Problem

The differences between contemporary Monte Carlo generators of high energy hadronic interactions are discussed and their impact on the interpretation of experimental data on ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is studied. Key directions for further model improvements are outlined. The prospect for a coherent interpretation of the data in terms of the UHECR composition is investigated.

Algorithms for determining the phase of RHEED oscillations

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1927-1934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Mitura ◽  
Sergei L. Dudarev
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
Diffraction Theory ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
High Energy Electron ◽  
Dynamical Diffraction ◽  
Glancing Angle ◽  
Low Symmetry

Oscillations of reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) intensities are computed using dynamical diffraction theory. The phase of the oscillations is determined using two different approaches. In the first, direct, approach, the phase is determined by identifying the time needed to reach the second oscillation minimum. In the second approach, the phase is found using harmonic analysis. The two approaches are tested by applying them to oscillations simulated using dynamical diffraction theory. The phase of RHEED oscillations observed experimentally is also analysed. Experimental data on the variation of the phase as a function of the glancing angle of incidence, derived using the direct method, are compared with the values computed using both the direct and harmonic methods. For incident-beam azimuths corresponding to low-symmetry directions, both approaches produce similar results.

SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COMPOUND MULTIPLICITY IN HIGH-ENERGY NUCLEUS–NUCLEUS INTERACTIONS

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (08) ◽  
pp. 1735-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. MOHERY ◽  
M. ARAFA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Impact Parameter ◽  
Mass Number ◽  
Multiplicity Distribution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Projectile Nucleus ◽  
Target Mass ◽  
Compound Multiplicity ◽  
Multiplicity Distributions ◽  
The Impact

The present paper deals with the interactions of 22 Ne and 28 Si nuclei at (4.1–4.5)A GeV /c with emulsion. Some characteristics of the compound multiplicity nc given by the sum of the number of shower particles ns and grey particles ng have been investigated. The present experimental data are compared with the corresponding ones calculated according to modified cascade evaporation model (MCEM). The results reveal that the compound multiplicity distributions for these two reactions are consistent with the corresponding ones of MCEM data. It can also be seen that the peak of these distributions shifts towards a higher value of nc with increasing projectile mass. It may further be seen that the compound multiplicity distributions becomes broader with increasing target size and its width increases with the size of the projectile nucleus. In addition, it has been found that the MCEM can describe the compound multiplicity characteristics of the different projectile, target and the correlation between different emitted particles. The values of average compound multiplicity increase with increasing mass of the projectile. Furthermore, it is observed that while the value of 〈nc〉 depends on the mass number of the projectile Ap and the target mass number At, the value of the ratio 〈nc〉/D(nc) seems to be independent of Ap and At. The impact parameter is found to affect the shape of the compound multiplicity distribution. Finally, the dependence of the average compound multiplicity on the numbers of grey and black particles, and the sum of them, is obvious. The values of the slope have been found to be independent of the projectile nucleus.

Influence of Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation on an Adhesive Restorative Procedure

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Franke ◽  
A. W. Taylor ◽  
A. Lago ◽  
M. C. Fredel
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Adhesive Penetration

Clinical Relevance Statistical analysis of the results obtained in this study shows that Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the adhesive system has a significant influence on bond strength to dentin. Bond strength is improved by better adhesive penetration when low energy is applied; whereas, high energy densities have a deleterious effect on the procedure.

Pseudorapidity distribution of relativistic singly charged particles in heavy-ion collisions at high energy

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
F -H Liu ◽  
Y A Panebratsev
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Pseudorapidity Distribution ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Singly Charged

The pseudorapidity distribution of relativistic singly charged particles produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions is described by the thermalized cylinder picture. The calculated results are in agreement with the experimental data of lead-induced interactions at 158A GeV/c. PACS Nos.:25.75.-q and 25.75.Dw

Control and measuring modernization systems of the “Soil Channel” stand and the development of a wheel motion mathematical model in stand conditions

Trudy NAMI ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
B. B. Kositsyn ◽  
Kh. Chzhen ◽  
R. L. Gazizullin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Thrust Force ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Virtual Experiments ◽  
Automatic Mode ◽  
Wheel Rolling ◽  
Adaptive Laws ◽  
Stand Conditions

Introduction (problem statement and relevance). A promising direction for reducing a vehicle moving energy is the application of adaptive laws for controlling the power supplied to the propeller based on neural networks. To create a training array of the latter, a large set of experimental data is required, the collection of which, as a rule, is carried out by using research stands, such as the “Soil Channel”. But the fi eld studies require a lot of resources.The purpose of the study was to create a wheel rolling mathematical model in the conditions of the stand, with the help of which it would be possible to organize the collection of needed statistical data on the wheel rolling modes by calculation them in an automatic mode.Methodology and research methods. The paper describes the “Soil Channel” bench test, held by the Department of “Multipurpose tracked vehicles and mobile robots” of Bauman Moscow State Technical University. A list of the control and measuring systems components used in the process of its modernization in order to automate the collection of experimental data was considered. The “Soil Channel” stand mathematical model was presented which was based on the use of experimentally obtained dependences of the specifi c longitudinal thrust force on sliding and the specifi c longitudinal thrust force on the specifi c circumferential force.Scientifi c novelty and results. The developed mathematical model has been verifi ed on the basis of the data obtained in the course of fi eld studies. Conclusions were made about the suitability of the developed mathematical model of wheel motion under the stand conditions for conducting virtual experiments.Practical signifi cance. The data obtained by applying the developed mathematical model can be used to create a training array of a neural network to provide the implementation of adaptive laws for controlling the power supplied to the propeller.

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