Kinetics of condensation of gases: A new approach

2001 ◽  
Vol 114 (12) ◽  
pp. 5180-5193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürn W. P. Schmelzer ◽  
Jürn Schmelzer
Keyword(s):  
New Approach ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Simulation of Folding Kinetics for Aligned RNAs

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Jiabin Huang ◽  
Björn Voß
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Conservation ◽  
Folding Kinetics ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Computational Approaches ◽  
Reasonable Time ◽  
Valuable Method ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Folding Space ◽  
Standing Problem

Studying the folding kinetics of an RNA can provide insight into its function and is thus a valuable method for RNA analyses. Computational approaches to the simulation of folding kinetics suffer from the exponentially large folding space that needs to be evaluated. Here, we present a new approach that combines structure abstraction with evolutionary conservation to restrict the analysis to common parts of folding spaces of related RNAs. The resulting algorithm can recapitulate the folding kinetics known for single RNAs and is able to analyse even long RNAs in reasonable time. Our program RNAliHiKinetics is the first algorithm for the simulation of consensus folding kinetics and addresses a long-standing problem in a new and unique way.

Polymeric Film Dialysis in Organic Solvent Media for Cleanup of Organic Contaminants

1990 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
James N Huckins ◽  
Mark W Tubergen ◽  
Jon A Lebo ◽  
Robert W Gale ◽  
Ted R Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Polymeric Film ◽  
Membrane Diffusion ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Organic Solvent Media ◽  
Fish Lipid ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Dialytic enrichment, using a nonpolar polymeric film or membrane, is proposed as a new approach for the separation of organic contaminants from fish lipid. Nonpolar organochlorine analytes diffuse from the fish lipid through a polyethylene membrane into cyclopentane. Separations of 48 h or less in duration afforded excellent recoveries for all analytes tested and removed 93% of the fish oil. Kinetics of membrane diffusion and possible controlling factors are elucidated for selected analytes and model compounds. Potential advantages of this technique over conventional lipld-removal methods such as gel permeation chromatography include simplicity, large sample capacity, reduced solvent requirements, and amenability to interfacing in-line with other enrichment modules.

Generalized Activation Energy Spectrum Theory: A New Approach for modeling Structural Relaxation in Amorphous Solids

1993 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung H. Shin ◽  
Harry A. Atwater
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Structural Relaxation ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Amorphous Solids ◽  
Nucleation Kinetics ◽  
Crystal Silicon ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACTA general approach to the dynamics of structural relaxation in amorphous solids is developed. A form of the recombination kinetics of defects is chosen which removes the ad hoc assumption made in previous theories that defects recombine only with others of identical activation energy. The generalized theory is tested quantitatively by modelling the structural relaxation of amorphous silicon, and comparing the results with the experimental data on structural relaxation. It is found that the generalized theory is necessary in order to accurately describe the time-resolved relaxation data. The generalized theory is also applied to estimate the effect of irradiation on the nucleation kinetics of crystal silicon, and is found to agree well with experimental data.

Chemiluminescence as a Probe of Polymer Oxidation

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idriss Blakey ◽  
Ben Goss ◽  
Graeme George
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Time Development ◽  
Radical Reactions ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Free Radical Reactions ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Useful Lifetime ◽  
Polymer Oxidation

Many oxidation reactions of organic materials, including polymers, are accompanied by the emission of weak chemiluminescence (CL). From a study of the mechanism of this weak CL, it is shown that the time development of the CL intensity may provide the kinetics of the oxidation reaction and is thus a sensitive probe of the degradation of the material. The intensity of emission reflects the concentration of peroxidic species in the material. Whereas the kinetics of the oxidation may be described by a series of elementary, homogeneous free radical reactions, the use of imaging techniques has shown that the oxidation of polymers such as polypropylene is highly heterogeneous. A model that describes the oxidation as spreading through the material as an infection from a number of initiating sites is able to rationalize these observations and provide a new approach to the prediction of the useful lifetime of a polymeric material.

scholarly journals Mass Action Kinetic Model of Apoptosis by TRAIL-Functionalized Leukocytes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily E. Lederman ◽  
Michael R. King
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Mass Action ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Soluble Trail ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Coupled Reaction

1 AbstractBackgroundMetastasis through the bloodstream contributes to poor prognosis in many types of cancer. A unique approach to target and kill colon, prostate, and other epithelial-type cancer cells in the blood has been recently developed that causes circulating leukocytes to present the cancer-specific, liposome-bound Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) on their surface along with E – selectin adhesion receptors. This approach, demonstrated both in vitro with human blood and in mice, mimics the cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells. The resulting liposomal TRAIL-coated leukocytes hold promise as an effective means to neutralize circulating tumor cells that enter the bloodstream with the potential to form new metastases.ResultsThe computational biology study reported here examines the mechanism of this effective signal delivery, by considering the kinetics of the coupled reaction cascade, from TRAIL binding death receptor to eventual apoptosis. In this study, a collision of bound TRAIL with circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is considered and compared to a prolonged exposure of CTCs to soluble TRAIL. An existing computational model of soluble TRAIL treatment was modified to represent the kinetics from a diffusion-limited 3D reference frame into a 2D collision frame with advection and adhesion to mimic the E – selectin and membrane bound TRAIL treatment. Thus, the current model recreates the new approach of targeting cancer cells within the blood. The model was found to faithfully reproduce representative observations from experiments of liposomal TRAIL treatment under shear. The model predicts apoptosis of CTCs within 2 hr when treated with membrane bound TRAIL, while apoptosis in CTCs treated with soluble TRAIL proceeds much more slowly over the course of 10 hrs, consistent with previous experiments. Given the clearance rate of soluble TRAIL in vivo, this model predicts that the soluble TRAIL method would be rendered ineffective, as found in previous experiments.ConclusionThis study therefore indicates that the kinetics of the coupled reaction cascade of liposomal E – selectin and membrane bound TRAIL colliding with CTCs can explain why this new approach to target and kill cancer cells in blood is much more effective than its soluble counterpart.

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