Theory of coupled phase transitions: Phase separation and abnormal variation of order parameter

2000 ◽  
Vol 113 (10) ◽  
pp. 4465-4468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zhong ◽  
M. Jiang ◽  
D. Y. Xing ◽  
Jinming Dong
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Order Parameter ◽  
Abnormal Variation

scholarly journals Attractors of semigroups associated with nonlinear systems for diffusive phase separation

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Kenmochi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Nonlinear Systems ◽  
Binary Mixture ◽  
Order Parameter ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Parabolic Pdes ◽  
Nonlinear Parabolic Pdes ◽  
Nonlinear Parabolic ◽  
Separation Model

We consider a model for diffusive phase transitions, for instance, the component separation in a binary mixture. Our model is described by two functions, the absolutete temperatureθ:=θ(t,x)and the order parameterw:=w(t,x), which are governed by a system of two nonlinear parabolic PDEs. The order parameterwis constrained to have double obstaclesσ*≤w≤σ*(i.e.,σ*andσ*are the threshold values ofw). The objective of this paper is to discuss the semigroup{S(t)}associated with the phase separation model, and construct its global attractor.

scholarly journals Prion-Like Proteins in Phase Separation and Their Link to Disease

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1014
Author(s):  
Macy L. Sprunger ◽  
Meredith E. Jackrel
Keyword(s):  
Protein Folding ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Protein Misfolding ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Important Physiological Process ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

Aberrant protein folding underpins many neurodegenerative diseases as well as certain myopathies and cancers. Protein misfolding can be driven by the presence of distinctive prion and prion-like regions within certain proteins. These prion and prion-like regions have also been found to drive liquid-liquid phase separation. Liquid-liquid phase separation is thought to be an important physiological process, but one that is prone to malfunction. Thus, aberrant liquid-to-solid phase transitions may drive protein aggregation and fibrillization, which could give rise to pathological inclusions. Here, we review prions and prion-like proteins, their roles in phase separation and disease, as well as potential therapeutic approaches to counter aberrant phase transitions.

Oxide Ion Conductivity, Phase Transitions, and Phase Separation in Fluorite-Based Bi38−xMo7+xO78+1.5x

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 4484-4494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Kuang ◽  
Yuandi Li ◽  
Chris D. Ling ◽  
Ray L. Withers ◽  
Ivana Radosavljević Evans
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Ion Conductivity ◽  
Oxide Ion Conductivity ◽  
Oxide Ion

scholarly journals Liquid-liquid phase separation and morphology of internally mixed dicarboxylic acids/ammonium sulfate/water particles

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 29141-29194 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Song ◽  
C. Marcolli ◽  
U. K. Krieger ◽  
A. Zuend ◽  
T. Peter
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

Abstract. Knowledge of the physical state and morphology of internally mixed organic/inorganic aerosol particles is still largely uncertain. To obtain more detailed information on liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and morphology of the particles, we investigated complex mixtures of atmospherically relevant dicarboxylic acids containing 5–7 carbon atoms (C5, C6 and C7) having oxygen-to-carbon atomic ratios (O:C) of 0.80, 0.67, and 0.57, respectively, mixed with ammonium sulfate (AS). With micrometer-sized particles of C5/AS/H2O, C6/AS/H2O and C7/AS/H2O as model systems deposited on a hydrophobically coated substrate, laboratory experiments were conducted for various organic-to-inorganic dry mass ratios (OIR) using optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. When exposed to cycles of relative humidity (RH), each system showed significantly different phase transitions. While the C5/AS/H2O particles showed no LLPS with OIR = 2:1, 1:1 and 1:4 down to 20% RH, the C6/AS/H2O and C7/AS/H2O particles exhibit LLPS upon drying at RH 50% to 85% and ~90%, respectively, via spinodal decomposition, growth of a second phase from the particle surface or nucleation-and-growth mechanisms depending on the OIR. This suggests that LLPS commonly occurs within the range of O:C<0.7 in tropospheric organic-inorganic aerosols. To support the comparison and interpretation of the experimentally observed phase transitions, thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were performed with the AIOMFAC model. For the C7/AS/H2O and C6/AS/H2O systems, the calculated phase diagrams agree well with the observations while for the C5/AS/H2O system LLPS is predicted by the model at RH below 60% and higher AS concentration, but was not observed in the experiments. Both core-shell structures and partially engulfed structures were observed for the investigated particles, suggesting that such morphologies might also exist in tropospheric aerosols.

scholarly journals Fundamental aspects of symmetry and order parameter coupling for martensitic transition sequences in Heusler alloys. Erratum

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1143-1144
Author(s):  
Michael A. Carpenter ◽  
Christopher J. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Order Parameter ◽  
Heusler Alloys ◽  
Martensitic Transition ◽  
Acta Cryst ◽  
Parameter Coupling

In the course of further studies of phase transitions in martensites [Driver, Salje, Howard, Lampronti, Ding & Carpenter (2020), Phys. Rev. B, 102, 014105], errors were uncovered in a few entries in Table 3 of the paper by Carpenter & Howard [(2018), Acta Cryst. B74, 560–573]. The required corrections are given here.

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