scholarly journals X‐ray imaging of uniform large scale‐length plasmas created from gas‐filled targets on Nova

1995 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 782-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Kalantar ◽  
B. J. MacGowan ◽  
T. P. Bernat ◽  
D. E. Klem ◽  
D. S. Montgomery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Scale Length

scholarly journals Disentangling AGN and starburst activities in NGC 6240 from an X-ray perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (S312) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
Junfeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Active Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Imaging Spectroscopy ◽  
Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
High Excitation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Supermassive Black Hole ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
High Temperature Gas

AbstractThe circum-nuclear region in an active galaxy is often complex with presence of high excitation gas, collimated radio outflow, and star formation activities, besides the actively accreting supermassive black hole. The unique spatial resolving power of Chandra X-ray imaging spectroscopy enables more investigations to disentangle the active galactic nuclei and starburst activities. For galaxies in the throes of a violent merging event such as NGC6240, we were able to resolve the high temperature gas surrounding its binary active black holes and discovered a large scale soft X-ray halo.

scholarly journals Time-Resolved X-Ray Microscopy for Materials Science

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 389-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haidan Wen ◽  
Mathew J. Cherukara ◽  
Martin V. Holt
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Nanoscale Imaging ◽  
Indispensable Tool ◽  
The Time Domain

X-ray microscopy has been an indispensable tool to image nanoscale properties for materials research. One of its recent advances is extending microscopic studies to the time domain to visualize the dynamics of nanoscale phenomena. Large-scale X-ray facilities have been the powerhouse of time-resolved X-ray microscopy. Their upgrades, including a significant reduction of the X-ray emittance at storage rings (SRs) and fully coherent ultrashort X-ray pulses at free-electron lasers (FELs), will lead to new developments in instrumentation and will open new scientific opportunities for X-ray imaging of nanoscale dynamics with the simultaneous attainment of unprecedentedly high spatial and temporal resolutions. This review presents recent progress in and the outlook for time-resolved X-ray microscopy in the context of ultrafast nanoscale imaging and its applications to condensed matter physics and materials science.

scholarly journals Thomson linac-based X-ray generator: a primer for theory and design

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A. Artyukov ◽  
E.G. Bessonov ◽  
M.V. Gorbunkov ◽  
Y.Y. Maslova ◽  
N.L. Popov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Thomson Scattering ◽  
Powerful Laser ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging

AbstractThe paper presents a general theoretical framework and related Monte Carlo simulation of novel type of the X-ray sources based on relativistic Thomson scattering of powerful laser radiation. Special attention is paid to the linac X-ray generators by way of two examples: conceptual design for production of 12.4 keV photons and presently operating X-ray source of 29.4 keV photons. Our analysis shows that state-of-the-art laser and accelerator technologies enable to build up a compact linac-based Thomson source for the same X-ray imaging and diffraction experiments as in using of a large-scale X-ray radiation facility like a synchrotron or Thomson generator based on electron storage ring.

scholarly journals Fast high-energy X-ray imaging for Severe Accidents experiments on the future PLINIUS-2 platform

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 08003
Author(s):  
L. Berge ◽  
N. Estre ◽  
D. Tisseur ◽  
E. Payan ◽  
D. Eck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
The Future ◽  
Set Up

The future PLINIUS-2 platform of CEA Cadarache will be dedicated to the study of corium interactions in severe nuclear accidents, and will host innovative large-scale experiments. The Nuclear Measurement Laboratory of CEA Cadarache is in charge of real-time high-energy X-ray imaging set-ups, for the study of the corium-water and corium-sodium interaction, and of the corium stratification process. Imaging such large and high-density objects requires a 15 MeV linear electron accelerator coupled to a tungsten target creating a high-energy Bremsstrahlung X-ray flux, with corresponding dose rate about 100 Gy/min at 1 m. The signal is detected by phosphor screens coupled to high-framerate scientific CMOS cameras. The imaging set-up is established using an experimentally-validated home-made simulation software (MODHERATO). The code computes quantitative radiographic signals from the description of the source, object geometry and composition, detector, and geometrical configuration (magnification factor, etc.). It accounts for several noise sources (photonic and electronic noises, swank and readout noise), and for image blur due to the source spot-size and to the detector unsharpness. In a view to PLINIUS-2, the simulation has been improved to account for the scattered flux, which is expected to be significant. The paper presents the scattered flux calculation using the MCNP transport code, and its integration into the MODHERATO simulation. Then the validation of the improved simulation is presented, through confrontation to real measurement images taken on a small-scale equivalent set-up on the PLINIUS platform. Excellent agreement is achieved. This improved simulation is therefore being used to design the PLINIUS-2 imaging set-ups (source, detectors, cameras, etc.).

X-ray imaging for design of gas nozzles in large scale fluidised bed reactors

2017 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Materazzi ◽  
Paola Lettieri ◽  
Jonathan M. Dodds ◽  
Andrew Milliken
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fluidised Bed ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging

Electron temperature and density measurements in laser-produced large-scale-length gas-bag plasmas by x-ray spectroscopy

1997 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 927-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Glenzer ◽  
C. A. Back ◽  
K. G. Estabrook ◽  
B. J. MacGowan ◽  
D. S. Montgomery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Temperature ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Density Measurements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scale Length

scholarly journals X-Ray Structures Associated with Disappearing Hα Filaments in Active Regions

1980 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
S. W. Kahler
Keyword(s):  
Active Region ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Coronal Emission ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Scale Length ◽  
Shape And Size

Several studies using data from Skylab instruments have been carried out to determine the spatial and temporal relationships between disappearing Hα filaments and the associated coronal emission features. Webb et al. (1976) studied 30 transient coronal X-ray enhancements which could be associated with the disappearances of Hα filaments outside active regions. They found that in the early phase of the transient X-ray brightening, emitting structures appeared at or near the filament location with shape and size resembling the filament. Sheeley et al. (1975) examined a long-lived X-ray enhancement of expanding loops associated with an active region filament which disappeared. Rust and Webb (1977) found a good statistical correlation in time and position between large scale (length > 60, 000 km) active region X-ray enhancements and Hα filament activity, in particular, events of an eruptive nature.

scholarly journals Observational Evidence for Coronal Magnetic Reconnection During the Two-Ribbon Flare of 21 May 1980

1984 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Kopp ◽  
G. Poletto
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Source Surface ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Flux Emergence ◽  
Imaging Spectrometer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
X Ray Imaging

The 21 May event was a large two-ribbon flare which occurred in active region 2456 at S13W15. The flare was extensively documented by coordinated Hα, X-ray, and magnetograph observations. In particular, spatially resolved images in hard X-rays were obtained by the Hard X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (HXIS) aboard SMM. Hence this flare comprises an ideal example for studying the spatial relationship between the X-ray and Hα-ribbon morphologies. Although evidence has been reported for magnetic flux emergence at the beginning of this flare (Harvey, 1983), it appears that a potential field (rising source-surface) model may adequately represent the major large-scale features of the magnetic configuration believed to result from fieldline reconnection in the corona during the decay phase (Kopp and Pneuman, 1976).

scholarly journals Ultrafast X-ray imaging of laser–metal additive manufacturing processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1467-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niranjan D. Parab ◽  
Cang Zhao ◽  
Ross Cunningham ◽  
Luis I. Escano ◽  
Kamel Fezzaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Melt Pool ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Resolution Imaging

The high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging technique was synchronized with a custom-built laser-melting setup to capture the dynamics of laser powder-bed fusion processes in situ. Various significant phenomena, including vapor-depression and melt-pool dynamics and powder-spatter ejection, were captured with high spatial and temporal resolution. Imaging frame rates of up to 10 MHz were used to capture the rapid changes in these highly dynamic phenomena. At the same time, relatively slow frame rates were employed to capture large-scale changes during the process. This experimental platform will be vital in the further understanding of laser additive manufacturing processes and will be particularly helpful in guiding efforts to reduce or eliminate microstructural defects in additively manufactured parts.

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