Tensile Response of Pile Groups under Compression Part 2: Analysis

The results of five centrifuge models were used to evaluate the response of pile-supported wharves subjected to inertial and liquefaction-induced lateral spreading loads. The centrifuge models contained pile groups that were embedded in rockfill dikes over layers of loose to dense sand and were shaken by a series of ground motions. The p-y curves were back-calculated for both dynamic and static loading from centrifuge data and were compared against commonly used American Petroleum Institute p-y relationships. It was found that liquefaction in loose sand resulted in a significant reduction in ultimate soil resistance. It was also found that incorporating p-multipliers that are proportional to the pore water pressure ratio in granular materials is adequate for estimating pile demands in pseudo-static analysis. The unique contribution of this study is that the piles in these tests were subjected to combined effects of inertial loads from the superstructure and kinematic loads from liquefaction-induced lateral spreading.

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CYCLIC LATERAL RESPONSE OF MODEL PILE GROUPS FOR WIND TURBINES IN CLAY SOIL

International Journal of Geomate ◽

10.21660/2017.32.6613 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Werasak Raongjant

Keyword(s):

Wind Turbines ◽

Clay Soil ◽

Pile Groups ◽

Lateral Response ◽

Model Pile

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Analysis of tensile response of flexible pipe with ovalization under hydrostatic pressure

Applied Ocean Research ◽

10.1016/j.apor.2020.102451 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 ◽

pp. 102451

Author(s):

Xiaohua Zhu ◽

Qinglong Lei ◽

Yu Meng ◽

Xiaoxuan Cui

Keyword(s):

Hydrostatic Pressure ◽

Flexible Pipe ◽

Tensile Response

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Development of Simulation Based p-Multipliers for Laterally Loaded Pile Groups in Granular Soil Using 3D Nonlinear Finite Element Model

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11010026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 26

Author(s):

Muhammad Bilal Adeel ◽

Muhammad Asad Jan ◽

Muhammad Aaqib ◽

Duhee Park

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Element Model ◽

Design Guidelines ◽

American Petroleum Institute ◽

Winkler Foundation ◽

Group Effect ◽

Pile Groups ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Laterally Loaded Pile ◽

Laterally Loaded

The behavior of laterally loaded pile groups is usually accessed by beam-on-nonlinear-Winkler-foundation (BNWF) approach employing various forms of empirically derived p-y curves and p-multipliers. Averaged p-multiplier for a particular pile group is termed as the group effect parameter. In practice, the p-y curve presented by the American Petroleum Institute (API) is most often utilized for piles in granular soils, although its shortcomings are recognized. In this study, we performed 3D finite element analysis to develop p-multipliers and group effect parameters for 3 × 3 to 5 × 5 vertically squared pile groups. The effect of the ratio of spacing to pile diameter (S/D), number of group piles, varying friction angle (φ), and pile fixity conditions on p-multipliers and group effect parameters are evaluated and quantified. Based on the simulation outcomes, a new functional form to calculate p-multipliers is proposed for pile groups. Extensive comparisons with the experimental measurements reveal that the calculated p-multipliers and group effect parameters are within the recorded range. Comparisons with two design guidelines which do not account for the pile fixity condition demonstrate that they overestimate the p-multipliers for fixed-head condition.

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Constitutive Models for the Tensile Behaviour of TRM Materials: Literature Review and Experimental Verification

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14030700 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 700

Author(s):

Maria Concetta Oddo ◽

Giovanni Minafò ◽

Lidia La Mendola

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

Constitutive Models ◽

Stress Transfer ◽

Theoretical Models ◽

Tensile Tests ◽

Analytical Models ◽

Tensile Behaviour ◽

Tensile Response ◽

Textile Reinforced Mortar ◽

Inorganic Matrix

In recent years, the scientific community has focused its interest on innovative inorganic matrix composite materials, namely TRM (Textile Reinforced Mortar). This class of materials satisfies the need of retrofitting existing masonry buildings, by keeping the compatibility with the substrate. Different recent studies were addressed to improve the knowledge on their mechanical behaviour and some theoretical models were proposed for predicting the tensile response of TRM strips. However, this task is complex due to the heterogeneity of the constituent materials and the stress transfer mechanism developed between matrix and fabric through the interface in the cracked stage. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review on the existing constitutive models for the tensile behavior of TRM composites. Literature experimental results of tensile tests on TRM coupons are presented and compared with the most relevant analytical models proposed until now. Finally, a new experimental study is presented and its results are used to further verify the reliability of the literature expressions.

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