scholarly journals Constitutive Models for the Tensile Behaviour of TRM Materials: Literature Review and Experimental Verification

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
Maria Concetta Oddo ◽  
Giovanni Minafò ◽  
Lidia La Mendola
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Tensile Response ◽  
Textile Reinforced Mortar ◽  
Inorganic Matrix

In recent years, the scientific community has focused its interest on innovative inorganic matrix composite materials, namely TRM (Textile Reinforced Mortar). This class of materials satisfies the need of retrofitting existing masonry buildings, by keeping the compatibility with the substrate. Different recent studies were addressed to improve the knowledge on their mechanical behaviour and some theoretical models were proposed for predicting the tensile response of TRM strips. However, this task is complex due to the heterogeneity of the constituent materials and the stress transfer mechanism developed between matrix and fabric through the interface in the cracked stage. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review on the existing constitutive models for the tensile behavior of TRM composites. Literature experimental results of tensile tests on TRM coupons are presented and compared with the most relevant analytical models proposed until now. Finally, a new experimental study is presented and its results are used to further verify the reliability of the literature expressions.

On the Tensile Behaviour of CF and CFRP Materials under High Strain Rates

2017 ◽  
Vol 754 ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. de Luca ◽  
F. di Caprio ◽  
E. Milella ◽  
G. Lamanna ◽  
M. Ignarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Strain Rate Effects ◽  
Cfrp Laminates ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Dynamic Loading Conditions

The paper deals with dynamic tensile tests on Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer – CFRP laminates. As a result of their viscoelastic nature, plastics exhibit rate dependence in their stress-strain response. The need to develop failure criteria to determine the dynamic failure stress for composite material under dynamic loading conditions is a current challenge for the research community. The main goal of such paper is to assess the efficiency of the analytical models provided by literature to predict the strain-rate effects on composite coupons tensile strength. Moreover, experimental tests have been performed in order to evaluate the mechanical behaviour of different stacking sequences at different strain rate.

scholarly journals Review of Push-Out and Shear Response of Hybrid Steel-Trussed Concrete Beams

Buildings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Colajanni ◽  
Lidia La Mendola ◽  
Alessia Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Analytical Modeling ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Push Out

The hybrid steel trussed concrete beams examined in the present study are comprised of two principal components, i.e., a steel joist with inclined rebars, realized in industry, which is welded to a smooth steel plate and then embedded within the concrete cast in situ. The paper presents first the state of the art on laboratory tests and analytical modeling of the steel-to-concrete stress transfer mechanism investigated by push-out tests. Next, the most relevant scientific contributions currently available in the technical literature regarding experimental investigation on actual shear behavior are summarized and discussed. Lastly codes and analytical models are reviewed.

scholarly journals Tensile Behaviour of FRCM Composites for Strengthening of Masonry Structures—An Experimental Investigation

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3626
Author(s):  
Łukasz Hojdys ◽  
Piotr Krajewski
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Tensile Failure ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Flexural Tensile Strength ◽  
Cracking Pattern ◽  
Direct Tensile

This paper presents the results of direct tensile tests performed on six different FRCM (fabric reinforced cementitious matrix) strengthening systems used for masonry structures. The emphasis was placed on the determination of the mechanical parameters of each tested system and a comparison of their tensile behaviour in terms of first crack stress, ultimate stress, ultimate strain, cracking pattern, failure mode and idealised tensile stress-strain curve. In addition to the basic mechanical tensile parameters, accidental load eccentricities, matrix tensile strengths, and matrix modules of elasticity were estimated. The results of the tests showed that the tensile behaviour of FRCM composites strongly depends on the parameters of the constituent materials (matrix and fabric). In the tests, tensile failure of reinforcement and fibre slippage within the matrix were observed. The presented research showed that the accidental eccentricities did not substantially affect the obtained results and that the more slender the specimen used, the more consistent the obtained results. The analysis based on a rule of mixtures showed that the direct tensile to flexural tensile strength ratio of the matrixes used in the test was 0.2 to 0.4. Finally, the tensile stress–strain relationship for the tested FRCMs was idealised by a bi- or tri-linear curve.

The tensile behaviour of biaxial and triaxial braided fabrics

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 2184-2204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duchamp Boris ◽  
Legrand Xavier ◽  
Soulat Damien
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Linear Mass ◽  
Double Peak ◽  
Specific Behaviour ◽  
Braiding Angle

The tensile behaviour of braid reinforcement is classically described by the behaviour of composite elaborated from these reinforcements. Few studies concern the tensile behaviour of braided fabrics. In this paper biaxial and triaxial braids are manufactured on a braiding loom. The evolution of key parameters as linear mass and braiding angle in function of process parameters is presented. Braid reinforcements are characterized in uniaxial tensile. The mechanical behaviour is analysed and compared in function of the braiding angle, but also different kinds of braid are considered. A specific behaviour called “double-peak” is identified for triaxial braids which have a higher braiding angle. The evolution of the braiding angle measured during tensile tests gives a comprehension on the mechanical behaviour of dry braids. Associated with this experimental study, an analytical model is also proposed, to predict mechanical properties of braid reinforcements.

Experimental Investigations on the Influence of Temperature on the Behavior of Steel Reinforcement (Strands and Rebars)

2016 ◽  
Vol 711 ◽  
pp. 908-915
Author(s):  
Wiem Toumi Ajimi ◽  
Sylvain Chataigner ◽  
Yannick Falaise ◽  
Laurent Gaillet
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Steel Reinforcement ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Nuclear Containment ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

In the case of exceptional accidents, nuclear containment structures may be submitted to an internal temperature increase. This may have an influence on the prestressed concrete structures behavior regarding both its mechanical performance and its porosity. The presented study got interested on the impact that a temperature increase may have on the mechanical behavior of the steel reinforcement for both prestressing strands and rebars. In order to remain in realistic situations, it was chosen to study temperatures between 20°C and 140°C. Some experimental investigations regarding the tensile behaviour of steel rebars and their adherence within concrete will first be presented. Then, some investigations on steel strands will be described: some tensile tests at different temperatures, and some relaxation tests to check how the level of prestress loss may be affected by the temperature. This experimental study is part of a national French project (MACENA) aiming at assessing the impact of an accident on the behavior of nuclear containment structures. The gathered experimental data will be used for their damage assessment.

Experimental and Numerical Investigations on Hot Deformation Behavior and Processing Maps for ASS 304 and ASS 316

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 873-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Kotkunde ◽  
Hansoge Nitin Krishnamurthy ◽  
Swadesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Gangadhar Jella
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Processing Maps ◽  
Hot Deformation Behavior ◽  
Statistical Measures

AbstractA thorough understanding of hot deformation behavior plays a vital role in determining process parameters of hot working processes. Firstly, uniaxial tensile tests have been performed in the temperature ranges of 150 °C–600 °C and strain rate ranges of 0.0001–0.01s−1 for analyzing the deformation behavior of ASS 304 and ASS 316. The phenomenological-based constitutive models namely modified Fields–Backofen (m-FB) and Khan–Huang–Liang (KHL) have been developed. The prediction capability of these models has been verified with experimental data using various statistical measures. Analysis of statistical measures revealed KHL model has good agreement with experimental flow stress data. Through the flow stresses behavior, the processing maps are established and analyzed according to the dynamic materials model (DMM). In the processing map, the variation of the efficiency of the power dissipation is plotted as a function of temperature and strain rate. The processing maps results have been validated with experimental data.

scholarly journals Tensile Behavior of a Glass FRCM System after Different Environmental Exposures

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1074
Author(s):  
Jacopo Donnini ◽  
Francesca Bompadre ◽  
Valeria Corinaldesi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Externally Bonded ◽  
Open Issue ◽  
Flexural Tests ◽  
Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix ◽  
Inorganic Matrix

The use of Fabric-Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) systems as externally bonded reinforcement for concrete or masonry structures is, nowadays, a common practice in civil engineering. However, FRCM durability against aggressive environmental conditions is still an open issue. In this paper, the mechanical behavior of a glass FRCM system, after being subjected to saline, alkaline and freeze–thaw cycles, has been investigated. The experimental campaign includes tensile tests on the fabric yarns, compression and flexural tests on the matrix and tensile tests (according to AC434) on FRCM prismatic coupons. The effects of the different environmental exposures on the mechanical properties of both the constituent materials and the composite system have been investigated and discussed. Ion chromatography analysis has also been performed to better understand the damage mechanisms induced by environmental exposures and to evaluate the ions’ penetration within the inorganic matrix. Alkaline exposure was shown to be the most detrimental for Alkali-Resistant (AR) glass fiber yarns, causing a reduction in tensile strength of about 25%. However, mechanical properties of the FRCM composite seemed not to be particularly affected by any of the artificial aging environments.

scholarly journals Saga of Superfluid Solids

Physics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav I. Yukalov
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
The State ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Standing Problem

The article presents the state of the art and reviews the literature on the long-standing problem of the possibility for a sample to be at the same time solid and superfluid. Theoretical models, numerical simulations, and experimental results are discussed.

scholarly journals Uniaxial Tensile Behavior of Carbon Textile Reinforced Mortar

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fen Zhou ◽  
Huanhui Liu ◽  
Yunxing Du ◽  
Lingling Liu ◽  
Deju Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Tensile Behavior ◽  
Reinforcement Ratio ◽  
Steel Fibers ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Textile Reinforced Mortar

This paper investigates the effects of the reinforcement ratio, volume fraction of steel fibers, and prestressing on the uniaxial tensile behavior of carbon textile reinforced mortar (CTRM) through uniaxial tensile tests. The results show that the tensile strength of CTRM specimens increases with the reinforcement ratio, however the textile–matrix bond strength becomes weaker and debonding can occur. Short steel fibers are able to improve the mechanical properties of the entire CTRM composite and provide additional “shear resistant ability” to enhance the textile– matrix bond strength, resulting in finer cracks with smaller spacing and width. Investigations into the fracture surfaces using an optical microscope clarify these inferences. Increases in first-crack stress and tensile strength are also observed in prestressed TRM specimens. In this study, the combination of 1% steel fibers and prestressing at 15% of the ultimate tensile strength of two-layer textiles is found to be the optimum configuration, producing the highest first-crack stress and tensile strength and the most reasonable multi-cracking pattern.

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