scholarly journals Benign fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws: a clinicopathologic study of 98 Tanzanian patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ntokozo C. Dube ◽  
Jeremiah Robert Moshy ◽  
Edda A. Vuhahula ◽  
Karpal Singh Sohal
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Ossifying Fibroma ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Fibrous Stroma ◽  
Clinicopathologic Study ◽  
Woven Bone ◽  
The Common ◽  
Male To Female

Introduction: The benign fibro-osseous lesions (BFOL) are characterized by replacement of the normal bone by cellular fibrous tissue containing various forms of ossification. They encompass common clinical, radiologic and histopathological features and hence pose considerable diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to clinicians and pathologists. Objective: To analyze the clinico-pathological and radiological features of BFOLs of the jaws in patients treated at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania. Material and methods: A retrospective study of files of patients who were diagnosed with BFOLs from January 2011 to December 2013 was done. The collected information included data on demographic characteristics, the duration of the lesion, location of the lesion, presence of swelling, associated symptoms and reported radiological and histological features. Results: A total of 98 patient's records were retrieved. There was a predominance of females (59, 60.2%), with a male to female ratio of 1:1.5. The patient's age at presentation ranged from 5 years to 75 years with a mean age of 29.81 ± 15.28 years. Four types of BFOLs were encountered. Ossifying fibroma were the most frequent (61.2%), followed by fibrous dysplasia (19.4%). Maxilla was more affected than the mandible. Majority (>70%) of the BFOLs were radio-opaque. The common histological features in all four types of BFOL included presence of: woven bone in fibrous stroma, giant cells, loose collagen and foci of hemorrhage. Conclusion: In this sample, BFOLs, were slightly more prevalent in females than males, affecting individuals below 40 years at large. They showed several overlapping clinical, radiological and histological features; thus a combination of different modalities seems necessary for an accurate diagnosis.

scholarly journals Preoperative Factors Associated with Postoperative Diabetes Insipidus after Transsphenoidal Pituitary Adenectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
Sagar Koirala ◽  
Suresh Bishokarma ◽  
Dinesh Nath Gongal
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Functional Type ◽  
Gold Standard Method ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Preponderance ◽  
Patient Size ◽  
Onset Of Diabetes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Preoperative Factors

Transsphenoidal pituitary adenectomy is the gold standard method of treatment of pituitaryadenomas. Post-operative diabetes insipid sis one of the common complication of this procedure. In this study we have analyzed pre-operative factors that may be associated with onset of diabetes insipid us following this procedure. A retrospective study of five years was conducted in a tertiary neurosurgical center. Histologically proven cases of pituitary adenomas who underwent transsphenoidalpituitary adenectomy were included in the study. Age and sex of the patients along with size and functional type of tumor were analyzed to see if they predicted the occurrence of diabetesinsipidus post-operatively. Out of 49 cases who underwent transsphenoidalpituitary surgery, 46 cases were proven to be pituitary adenomas histologically. There was male preponderance with male to female ratio of2:1. Age ranged from 15 to 72 with median age of 37 years. Nonfunctional, prolactinomas and growth hormone secreting tumors, were 25, 16and 4 in number. Median size of the tumor was2.35 in largest diameter. Out of these patients13 (28%) patients developed diabetes insipid us. Age, sex of the patient, size of the tumor and functional type of the tumor did not predict the incidence. Age, sex of the patient, size of the tumor and functional type of the tumor do not predict the incidence of diabetes insipid us post-operatively in patients undergoing transsphenoidal pituitaryadenectomy.

scholarly journals Clinicohistological Profile of Cutaneous Tuberculosis in Central Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mathur ◽  
SN Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cells ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Lupus Vulgaris ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Cutaneous Tuberculosis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Type Giant ◽  
Male To Female

Background There are few studies on cutaneous tuberculosis in Nepal.Objective To analyse the epidemiological, clinical and histological patterns of cutaneous TB over the past 5 years.Method Patients with cutaneous tuberculosis diagnosed from January 2010 to December 2014 at College of Medical Sciences, Chitwan, Nepal were included in the study. Chest radiography, routine investigations and screening for HIV was performed in all cases.Result A total of 47 clinical cases of cutaneous tuberculosis were diagnosed. The most commonly affected age group was 41-50 years. Male to female ratio was 1.5:1. Duration of cutaneous tuberculosis ranged from 1 month to 33 years. Lupus vulgaris was the most common clinical type (64%), followed by tuberculosis verrucosa cutis (19%). Two cases (4%) were diagnosed as papulonecrotic tuberculid. Overall, the most common site of involvement was extremities (55%) followed by head and neck, trunk, and perianal region. Histopathologic features of epitheloid cell granuloma with Langhans type giant cells were seen in 89% of cases, and in remaining 11% cases, chronic inflammatory dermatitis and nonspecific chronic dermatitis were observed.Conclusion M Tuberculosis is endemic in Nepal and the incidence of cutaneous tuberculosis at our centre was 0.1%. Lupus vulgaris was the most common type followed by tuberculosis verrucosa cutis in our study. Cutaneous tuberculosis can be accompanied by tuberculosis in internal organs and hence should be looked for. Clinicopathologic correlation is necessary to make a proper diagnosis.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.12(4) 2014; 238-241

scholarly journals Frequency of Thyrotoxicosis in Patient with One Sided Exophthalmos

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Tahreem Zafar ◽  
Shumaila Perveen ◽  
Nisar Khan ◽  
Salman Khan ◽  
Tahseen Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Medical Department ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
The Common ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Orbital Rim

Background: Thyroid associated Opthalmo-pathy is a condition of lid retraction causing a staring appearance. This occurs in any form of thyrotoxicosis as a result of sympathetic overactivity.Exophthalmos is the forward protrusion of eye ball beyond the orbital rim. Material & Methods: This case series was observed in medical department Mufti Mehmood Teaching Hospital DIKhan, Pakistan over a period of eight months from February 2018 to September 2018. Detailed history with reference of duration of illness, mode of onset, progression and associated symptoms like fever, pain, diplopia and loss of vision was taken. Complete examination of orbit, eyelid, anterior and posterior segment was done. Routine Investigations along with special diagnostic tests like TFTs and MRI were performed to aid etiological diagnosis. Results: A total 47 patients were observed during this study period. Out of these 20 (21.27%) were male and 27 (57.44%) were female with male to female ratio 1:1.35 with mean age of 32 years. Out of 47 patients30 (63.82%) patients were having thyrotoxicosis as a cause of exophthalmos, 10(21.27%) were having retrobulbartumour, 5(10.63%) patients were with cavernous sinus thrombosis and 2(4.25%) patients were having idiopathic cause of exophthalmos. Conclusion: Thyrotoxicosis is the common cause of one sided exophthalmos and should be considered in all patients with one sided exophthalmos.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological Profile of Rhabdomyosarcoma in Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-136
Author(s):  
Umme Habiba Begum ◽  
Afiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Mass Lesion ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Clinicopathological Profile ◽  
Common Clinical Presentation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Male To Female

Objectives: To describe the clinical profile as well as  histopathological sub-types of Rhabdomyosarcoma in  children.Methods: A hospital base prospective observational study  was conducted among 20 diagnosed cases of  Rhabdomyosarcoma in children, those attending in  Hemato-Oncology department of Bangabandhu Sheikh  Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka in the period  between January to December 2009.Results: The peak incidence of Rhabdomyosarcoma was  in 1-5 years of age group (n=9, 45%) with mean age 6.83  years with male to female ratio 5.66:1. The common sites  of primary tumor was in head and neck region (40%, n=08),  followed by genito-urinary tract, 30% (n=06), extremities  20% (n=04), trunk 10% (n=02). The most common clinical  presentation was mass lesion 100% (n=20), followed by local  pain 25% (n=05), urinary obstructions 15% (n=03)  dysphagia, chronic otorrhea, dysuria, haematuria, and  proptoses were 10% each (n=02, each); The histological  sub-types were Embryonal 60% (n=12), alveolar 30% (n=6),  and Botryoid 10% (n=02); Of Embryonal variety in head  and neck region 58.33% (n=7), and Genito-urinary sites  41.67% (n=5); of Alveolar variety in trunk 66.67% (n=4),  and in extremities33.33% (n=2), of Botryoid sub-type  frequency was equal in head - neck region and genitourinary  site 50% each (n=1).Conclusion: Children with Rhabdomyosarcoma presented mostly in 1 to 5 years of age, with mass lesion (100%),  predominantly in head and neck region (40%) and the  commonest histological sub-type was Embryonal variety  (60%). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i3.12461 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 132-136

scholarly journals Common Site of Urinary Calculi in Kidney, Ureter and Urinary Bladder Region: Jos Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Moses Danjem ◽  
Salaam AJ ◽  
Kolade- Yunusa HO ◽  
Shuaibu SI
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Common Location ◽  
The Common ◽  
Male To Female

Objective: To determine the common location of calculus along the urinary tract using CT scan.  Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted using CT from November 2016 to September 2018, in a tertiary hospital in Jos, Nigeria. The CT images acquired from this period were evaluated and 50 patients were positive for urolithiasis. The data was subjected to statistical analysis based on age, gender and calculus location. Results: Out of the 50 patients with calculi, 34 were males and 16 were females with a male to female ratio of 2.13:1. 137 urinary calculi were documented in which 90 were in males and 47 in the female patients. Highest occurrence of calculi was seen in age group 31-40 years (34.0%). 112(82%) were renal stones, 12(9%) were ureteric stones, 8(6%) were found in pelvi-ureteric junction (PUJ), 3(2%) were in the vesico-ureteric junction (VUJ), 2(1%) were in the urinary bladder and none in the urethra. Conclusion: Kidney stones are the most common followed by the ureter, the pelvi-ureteric junction, the vesico-ureteric junction and the bladder.  

Clinical and Morphological Spectrum of Histoplasmosis on Cytology Along with the Review of Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 532-538
Author(s):  
Gargi Kapatia ◽  
Ashmita Saha ◽  
Manish Rohilla ◽  
Parikshaa Gupta ◽  
Nalini Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Male To Female

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of the study was to study the clinical and morphological spectrum of histoplasmosis diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). <b><i>Study Design:</i></b> A total of 17 patients diagnosed with histoplasmosis on FNAC were studied over a period of 5 years. The cytology smears were studied and analysed for the cytomorphological spectrum of histoplasmosis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among the 17 patients studied, the mean age was 51.3 years (range 6–84 years). Male-to-female ratio was 3.25:1 with 4 females and 13 males. The frequent sites of involvement were the lung (5), lymph node (4), adrenal gland (4), and skin (4). The most common cytological patterns were histiocytic collection, followed by granulomas and multinucleated giant cells. Necrosis was noted in only 4 cases. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Fine needle aspiration is a highly accurate, rapid, and cheap technique for the diagnosis of histoplasmosis due to its distinct morphological features.

scholarly journals Pattern of Cancer in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Clifford Ikhuoria Owobu ◽  
Akhator Terence Azeke ◽  
Victor Valentine Ideiyenmin ◽  
Orume Enegbuya ◽  
Adaugo Chizoma Owobu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cancer Registration ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Organ Tissue ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
The Common ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Gender Specific

Aims: To reveal the pattern and trend of cancer in a predominantly rural population in Nigeria and compare the findings with those of earlier researches across the world. Study Design: A descriptive retrospective analysis of all cancer cases seen among surgical specimens in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. The cancer cases are classified according to the organ/tissue involved and the data obtained were analysed using SPSS (version 25). Place and Duration of Study: The Department of Anatomic Pathology, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Nigeria; between January 2011 and December 2020. Results: A total of 9,058 histologic samples were reviewed out of which 1,474 (16.27%) were cancer cases. The yearly number of cancer cases increased from 85 in 2011, to 258 over the next 10-year study period. At variance with WHO 2020 GLOBOCAN worldwide estimates, the common cancer types seen in this study (both sexes combined) were prostate cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer and non-melanoma skin cancer, in decreasing frequencies. The peak age of occurrence was the 7th decade while the mean age was 54.21 years, and the gender-specific mean ages for males and females were 59.92 years and 49.44 years respectively. The male to female ratio was 1:1.2 and males are more likely to be diagnosed of cancer approximately 10 years later than their female counterparts. Conclusion: Many of the findings in this study are similar to those of previous researches across the country. It is our hope that the findings in this study would contribute to national data and be found useful in efforts to build a more inclusive and robust national system of cancer registration.

scholarly journals Corneal ulcer: an epidemiological, microbiological and clinical study of cases attending Assam medical college and hospital, Dibrugarh, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1076
Author(s):  
Mamoni Baruah ◽  
Rajiv Kumar Das ◽  
Vijaya Agarwalla ◽  
Pranami Basyach
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Ulcer ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
The Common ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Corneal ulcer is one of the important ophthalmic conditions causing significant morbidity especially in the developing countries. This study was carried out to evaluate the common etiological agents, predisposing factors, age, gender and occupational distribution and to study the clinical features and management of all corneal ulcers.Methods: A total of 50 cases of corneal ulcers who attended the Ophthalmology outpatient department (OPD) of Assam medical college and hospital, Assam, India, over a 6 months period were included in the study. A detailed history was taken and examination done as per the proforma. Microscopy and culture were performed on all corneal specimens obtained.Results: Corneal ulcers were common in 3rd to 5th decades of life with Male to Female ratio of 1.3:1. Majority of patients were farmers or hired agricultural workers. Ocular trauma was the major predisposing factor in majority of cases (32%). Out of 50 cases, 31 (62%) were culture positive. 19 were bacterial isolates and 12 were fungal isolates. All patients were treated according to standard treatment protocol and majority (95.5%) patients responded well to treatment.Conclusions: This study has revealed that suppurative corneal ulcers are caused by both bacterial and fungal agents with bacterial preponderance in this geographical area. Early and accurate diagnosis and intensive treatment is the need of hour for saving the eye and preventing the catastrophe of lifelong blindness.

scholarly journals Patterns and Outcomes of Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions in a Hospital Based Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upama Paudel ◽  
S Parajuli ◽  
DB Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
The Common ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Hospital Stay Duration

Introduction : Drug reactions are one of the common reasons for admission in the Dermatological beds. Data on the culprit drugs and patterns of reaction are very scarce in Nepal.Objective:To determine the patterns of drug reactions admitted in Tribhuwan University (TU) Teaching hospital, the causes of drug reactions, duration of hospital stay, duration of steroid use and the outcome of the treatment.Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study done in TU Teaching Hospital. The admissions and discharge record of admitted patients from 15th April 2008 to 14th April 2012 were analyzed for the variables mentioned above.Results: There were 61 new patients of drug reactions; however only files of 42 patients could be studied.The mean age of the patients was 32.26 ± 15.26 with male to female ratio of 1.8:1. Stevens Johnson’s syndrome (35.7%) was the commonest cause of admission followed by drug induced erythroderma (16.7%) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (11.9%). Carbamazepine, Phenytoin and allopurinol were the most common drugs for the reactions. The median time for the appearance of the lesions was 20.07 days. The median duration of hospital stay was 7 days. Steroids were used for initial treatment for around 4.9 ± 1.7 days. 83.3% of the patients improved while 11.9% succumbed despite optimal management.Conclusion: Severe drug reactions were the common reasons for admissions in our hospital. Anti-epileptics were the  leading cause for the reactions. Steroids were used for initial period and rapidly tapered off in short duration. Overall, the outcomes of the treatment were good.

scholarly journals Clinical Aspects and Treatment of Pityriasis Lichenoides Et Varioliformis Acuta: A Retrospective Vietnamese Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuong Nguyen Van ◽  
Tuyen Nguyen Thi ◽  
Doanh Le Huu ◽  
Nghi Dinh Huu ◽  
Mai Le Thi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Pityriasis Lichenoides ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Uncommon Condition ◽  
The Common ◽  
Systemic Antibiotics ◽  
Male To Female

BACKGROUND: Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA) is an uncommon condition which presents acutely with papulo-vesicles that may develop necrotic, ulcerative, or hemorrhagic changes. AIM: We studied clinical, and treatment characteristics of PLEVA hospitalised patients at our hospital from September 2009 to December 2014. METHODS: The records of 15 PLEVA patients were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The median age of onset was 21.8 ± 18.81 (from 1 to 68), male to female ratio was 2/1. The common area of onset was trunk (60.0%) and extremities (33.3%). Clinical features were purpuric papules (100%), hemorrhagic crusted papules (46.7%), pustular purpuric papules (40%), and necrotic ulcerating lesions (13.3%). CONCLUSION: All patients were received systemic antibiotics (macrolides: 53.3%, others: 46.7%), 2 patients were added immunosuppressive drugs. A 1-year-old patient died, others had a good response.

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