Solar flash pyrolysis of biomass direct measurement of the optical properties of biomass components

1999 ◽  
Vol 09 (PR3) ◽  
pp. Pr3-367-Pr3-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Boutin ◽  
J. Lédé ◽  
G. Olalde ◽  
A. Ferriere
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Flash Pyrolysis ◽  
Biomass Components ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass

Effect of potassium on the pyrolysis of biomass components: Pyrolysis behaviors, product distribution and kinetic characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 255-264
Author(s):  
Honggang Fan ◽  
Jing Gu ◽  
Yazhuo Wang ◽  
Haoran Yuan ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Product Distribution ◽  
Kinetic Characteristics ◽  
Biomass Components ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass

scholarly journals Tropospheric aerosol scattering and absorption over Central Europe: a closure study for the dry particle state

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 27811-27854 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ma ◽  
W. Birmili ◽  
T. Müller ◽  
T. Tuch ◽  
Y. F. Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Atmospheric Stability ◽  
Scattering Coefficient ◽  
Particle State ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Aerosol Scattering ◽  
Tropospheric Aerosol

Abstract. This work analyses optical properties of the dry tropospheric aerosol measured at the regional GAW observation site Melpitz in East Germany. For a continuous observation period between 2007 and 2010, we provide representative values of the dry-state scattering coefficient, the hemispheric backscattering coefficient, the absorption coefficient, single scattering albedo, and the Ångström exponent. Besides the direct measurement, the aerosol scattering coefficient was alternatively computed from experimental particle number size distributions using a Mie code. Within pre-defined limits, a closure could be achieved with the direct measurement. The achievement of closure implies that such calculations can be used as a high-level quality control measure for data sets involving multiple instrumentation. All dry optical properties showed significant annual variations, which were attributed to corresponding variations in the regional emission fluxes, the intensity of secondary particle formation, and the mixed layer height. Air mass classification showed that atmospheric stability is a major factor influencing the dry aerosol properties at the GAW station. In the cold season, temperature inversions limit the volume available for atmospheric mixing, so that the aerosol optical properties near the ground proved quite sensitive to the geographical origin of the air mass. In the warm season, when the atmosphere is usually well-mixed during day-time, considerably less variability was observed for the optical properties between different air masses. This work provides, on the basis of quality-checked in-situ measurements, a first step towards a climatological assessment of direct aerosol radiative forcing in the region under study.

Fractionated Pyrolysis of Biomass and its Components

2014 ◽  
Vol 535 ◽  
pp. 734-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Liu ◽  
De Kui Shen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Total Weight Loss ◽  
Wood Biomass ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Dominant Component ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Biomass Components ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass

Fractionated pyrolysis of biomass and its three main components (viz. hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) was carried out on a thermogravimetric analyzer, which effectively separated the pyrolysis progress of different compositions. Three temperature ranges of 40-300 °C, 300-400 °C and 400-700 °C were presented with hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin as the dominant component, respectively. Fir contains much more cellulose and lignin than rice straw, and thus the weight loss in 300-400 °C is much higher, as 66.4% of the total weight loss. Rice straw contains more extractives and hemicellulose, resulting in higher mass loss in the early pyrolysis stage of 40-300 °C. The pyrolysis of biomass was predicted by hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin according to the additivity law, and the fractionated pyrolysis showed good performance in the prediction of volatile and residue yields of wood biomass. The interactions of biomass components were revealed to be unneglectable.

On the temperature of optical uniaxiality in Gypsum

1912 ◽  
Vol 16 (76) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hutchinson ◽  
A. E. H. Tutton
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Median Line ◽  
Axial Angle ◽  
Crystal Holder

In the account of an investigation of the optical properties of gypsum published by one of us (A. E. H. T.) in 1908 it was stated, as the result of direct measurement in sodium-light of the optic axial angle of a section-plate perpendicular to the first median line, which was heated in an air-bath, that the substance became uniaxial at 105.2° C. Three other section-plates examined subsequently gave somewhat higher values, the results ranging from 109.5° to 114.2° C. These figures were arrived at after a considerable correction, amounting to as much as 7°, had been applied for conduction along the crystal-holder, the temperatures actually observed being greater by this amount.

Erratum to “A novel interconnected fluidised bed for the combined flash pyrolysis of biomass and combustion of char”

2000 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Arthur M.C Janse ◽  
P Maarten Biesheuvel ◽  
Wolter Prins ◽  
Wim P.M.van Swaaij
Keyword(s):  
Fluidised Bed ◽  
Flash Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass

scholarly journals Catalytic Flash Pyrolysis of Biomass Using Different Types of Zeolite and Online Vapor Fractionation

Energies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Imran ◽  
Eddy Bramer ◽  
Kulathuiyer Seshan ◽  
Gerrit Brem
Keyword(s):  
Flash Pyrolysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass
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